Investigation on Rheological Properties of Water-Based Novel Ternary Hybrid Nanofluids Using Experimental and Taguchi Method

This study presents the rheological behavior of water-based GO-TiO₂-Ag and rGO-TiO₂-Ag ternary-hybrid nanofluids. The impact of nanoparticles’ volumetric concentration and temperature on the rheological properties were studied. All experiments were performed under temperatures ranging from 25 to 50 °C in the solid volume concentration range of 0.5–0.00005%. The data optimization technique was adopted using the Taguchi method. The types of nanomaterials, concentration, temperature, and shear rate were chosen to optimize the viscosity and shear stress. The effect of shear stress, angular sweep, frequency sweep, and damping factor ratio is plotted. The experimental results demonstrated that the rheological properties of the ternary hybrid nanofluid depend on the ternary hybrid nanofluid’s temperature. The viscosity of ternary hybrid nanofluids (THNf) change by 40% for GO-TiO₂-Ag and 33% for rGO-TiO₂-Ag when temperature and shear rates are increased. All the ternary hybrid nanofluids demonstrated non-Newtonian behavior at lower concentrations and higher shear stress, suggesting a potential influence of nanoparticle aggregation on the viscosity. The dynamic viscosity of ternary hybrid nanofluid increased with enhancing solid particles’ volume concentration and temperature.     

Correction: Dendritic fibrous nanosilica-supported dendritic IL/Ru(ii) as photocatalysts for the dicarbofunctionalization of styrenes with carbon dioxide and amines

Correction for ‘Dendritic fibrous nanosilica-supported dendritic IL/Ru(ii) as photocatalysts for the dicarbofunctionalization of styrenes with carbon dioxide and amines’ by Can Liu et al., RSC Adv., 2021, 11, 9933–9941, DOI: 10.1039/D0RA10729H.

The authors regret that, in the original article, the given funding information was added in error and does not belong to this article. There is no funding information that applies to this article.The Royal Society of Chemistry apologises for these errors and any consequent inconvenience to authors and readers.     

Contribution of Fc fragment of monoclonal antibodies to tetanus toxin neutralization

Neurotoxicity Research - Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against neurotoxin of Clostridium tetani are considered as a novel source of immunoglobulins for passive immunotherapy of tetanus. Toxin...     

155 vascular injuries: a retrospective study in Kuwait, 1992-2000.

OBJECTIVES: To audit the management of vascular trauma in Kuwait, 1992-2000. DESIGN: Retrospective open study. SETTING: Vascular surgery unit, teaching hospital, Kuwait. SUBJECTS: 155 patients with vascular injuries, most of which (n = 118) involved the extremities. 21 had neck injuries, 10 abdominal, and 6 chest. INTERVENTION: Revascularisation usually using the long saphenous vein in addition to direct repair or end-to-end anastomosis. MAIN OUTCOME: Morbidity (amputation) and mortality. RESULTS: Four lower limb grafts failed, two of which (2/69, 3%) required amputation. Overall, four patients died (3%), one of pulmonary embolism and 3 of severe injuries to major abdominal vessels. 3/10 patients with abdominal vascular trauma died. Mean (SD) follow up period was 4.4 (2) years. CONCLUSIONS: Civilian violence has increased in Kuwait. Vascular trauma to abdominal vessels is associated with high mortality. Autogenous saphenous vein forms an excellent conduit for revascularisation.