Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus elicit differential innate immune responses following intramammary infection

Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are among the most prevalent species of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, respectively, that induce clinical mastitis. The innate immune system comprises the immediate host defense mechanisms to protect against infection and contributes to the initial detection of and proinflammatory response to infectious pathogens. The objective of the present study was to characterize the different innate immune responses to experimental intramammary infection with E. coli and S. aureus during clinical mastitis. The cytokine response and changes in the levels of soluble CD14 (sCD14) and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), two proteins that contribute to host recognition of bacterial cell wall products, were studied. Intramammary infection with either E. coli or S. aureus elicited systemic changes, including decreased milk output, a febrile response, and induction of the acute-phase synthesis of LBP. Infection with either bacterium resulted in increased levels of interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), gamma interferon, IL-12, sCD14, and LBP in milk. High levels of the complement cleavage product C5a and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were detected at several time points following E. coli infection, whereas S. aureus infection elicited a slight but detectable increase in these mediators at a single time point. Increases in IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha were observed only in quarters infected with E. coli. Together, these data demonstrate the variability of the host innate immune response to E. coli and S. aureus and suggest that the limited cytokine response to S. aureus may contribute to the well-known ability of the bacterium to establish chronic intramammary infection.     

The study of tuberculosis outbreak in a high school—Shanghai,China, 2017–2018

Journal of Public Health - To investigate the attack rate of active tuberculosis (TB) cases and detection rate of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) cases, and to identify possible factors...     

基于“互联网+”技术的上海市质子重离子医院资产管理的 探索和实践

针对医院资产管理的现状和难点,将平台中的空间管理同资产管理相结合,进行数据交互和功能拓展,不仅使医院空间和资产同步系统化、数据化,而且汇聚了资产管理全维度数据源,达到优化资源配置、降本增效的实践成果,也为建立基于云数据的资产设备全生命周期管理夯实基础。     

微乳液反应法制备磺胺嘧啶银均匀微晶及其最佳处方评价

目的：应用微乳液反应法制备磺胺嘧啶银均匀微晶,均匀制得的微晶的粒径大小约为2～4um,均匀微晶的结晶性好,纯度高。用均匀设计方法优化条件,制备的均匀的微晶平均粒径大小为2.09um,实验结果达到预测结果要求。结论：用微乳液反应法能获得磺胺嘧啶银均匀微晶。     

科技进步与心血管病学的50年展望

本文主要阐述未来50年心血管病学领域内的各种进步,包括基因诊断和治疗、心脏外科手术的发展等等.     

热力学模型对石油低压汽液平衡计算的适用性

以Maxwell-Bonnel图拟合式、对比态Antoine方程及Pitzer-Riedel关联式分别求算饱和蒸汽压P^0,并用RoultK值（K＝P^0／P）,计算窄留分K值。根据实测的中原、孤岛和克拉玛依石油馏分低压K值,考察上述三式,结果表明：对比态Antoine式预测精度是最好的,其温度预测绝对平均偏差为7．0℃,K值预测平均相对偏差为15．6％,其他两模型偏差均较大。     

腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎兔模型的病理形态学观察

用 12只新西兰大白兔分为腹膜炎组和对照组。腹膜炎组注射含活金黄色葡萄球菌的透析液 ,对照组为含生理盐水的透析液 ;观察腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎兔模型的病理变化。结果发现 :(1)腹膜炎组腹膜间皮细胞增生 ,水肿 ,血管扩张 ,炎症细胞浸润 ,对照组无变化。 (2 )腹膜炎组腹膜透液中葡萄糖浓度除 0min外 ,其他各时间点D/D0 葡萄糖均低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。 (3)腹膜炎组腹透液中肌酐浓度与血浆肌酐浓度比值 (D/Dcr)显著高于对照组中的浓度比值 (P <0 .0 5 )。 (4 )腹膜炎组透析液中WBC计数除O点外 ,其余各时间点明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。提示新西兰兔腹膜注射含活金黄色葡萄球菌 48h后 ,进行腹膜透析时 ,其腹膜病理改变与临床腹膜透析并发腹膜炎特征基本一致     

大鼠磨牙三维有限元模型的建立

目的 :建立大鼠磨牙的三维有限元模型 ,探讨牙及牙周组织的应力分布状况。方法 :采用Sprague Dawley大鼠 2 0只 ,建立大鼠磨牙正畸移动的动物模型 ,制作大鼠上颌第一磨牙牙周连续切片 ;采用计算机技术 ,重建牙及牙周组织三维形态、结构 ,并建立其三维有限元模型。结果 :组织切片的应力分布显示牙周膜是一种存在于两种硬组织之间的软组织 ,有其特有的应力分布状态。结论 :本研究建立的正畸大鼠磨牙三维有限元模型是观察正畸牙移动过程中分析应力的一种简便、准确、可靠的模型及方法。     

口腔固定修复学临床前期实习中的问题与对策

本文总结了北京大学口腔医学院3届八年制口腔医学专业学生口腔固定修复学临床前期实习教学的经验,针对实习中出现的典型问题进行了分析,采取了相应的对策和方法,取得了良好的效果.     

口腔修复科进修医师接诊前培训探析

为了提高进修医师的教学质量和医疗水平,我们在2006届进修医师教学工作中加强和细化了进修医师接诊前的培训,取得了良好的效果.实践证明,实施接诊前培训对于提高进修医师的医疗水平和自信心,实施规范化操作,克服诊疗中的盲目性,减少或避免医疗纠纷,进而提高进修医师的教学质量具有重要意义,值得推广和借签.