2型糖尿病患者糖尿病知识与医护支持及授权能力的相关性

目的调查2型糖尿病患者糖尿病知识现状,分析其与接受医护支持及授权能力的相关性。方法采用糖尿病(成人)知识量表、糖尿病授权评分表DAWN简化版、患者慢性病评估表DAWN简化版对湖南省18所医院的1 512例2型糖尿病患者进行调查。结果口服药组糖尿病知识总得分及得分率为55.61±15.95及57.93%,胰岛素组分别为59.08±16.11及57.36%,联合治疗组62.00±16.03及55.86%;得分率最高的为胰岛素组的并发症应对维度(76.00%),得分率最低的为胰岛素组的患病时维度(41.75%);条目正确回答率为5.89%～92.33%,其中正确回答率最低的3个条目分别属于低血糖、足部护理、饮食/食物维度;糖尿病知识得分与医护支持得分及授权能力得分呈正相关(均P0.01)。结论 2型糖尿病患者糖尿病知识掌握普遍偏低,可通过加强患者的授权教育和医护支持提高其糖尿病知识水平。     

生物质谱技术在腺相关病毒（AAV）载体制剂质量控制中的应用

腺相关病毒（adeno-associated virus,AAV）是一种基因治疗中常用的病毒载体。由于其安全性较高且能够靶向多种细胞,在临床前和临床研究中得到了较多的应用。不过在设计和生产的过程中,AAV载体有着诸多会影响其安全性和疗效的关键质量属性。生物质谱技术的发展和应用为生物大分子的研究提供了一个便捷的平台,尤其是在蛋白质序列、结构和相互作用方面。对于AAV载体而言,质谱技术可以实现衣壳蛋白比率、翻译后修饰、血清型、空衣壳比率的测定或表征,从而协助对AAV载体的质量控制。与现有方法相比,质谱技术具有样品需求量少、分析快速灵敏、适用于完整AAV载体的分析和质量分辨率高的优点,并且可以区分空衣壳、满衣壳和部分包封的衣壳。未来,通过将更加高效的蛋白质分离技术与质谱技术联用、开发新的信息处理软件平台和新的质谱检测方法,质谱技术有望在AAV载体的设计和生产中发挥更加重要的作用。     

介绍一种检测蚊虫DNA重复序列的方法

在一般分子生物学方法的基础上,介绍改进了的制备成蚊、幼虫和蛹的基因组DNA,并用限制性核酸内切酶消化基因组DNA,凝胶电泳分离、溴乙锭染色后显示代表重复序列DNA带的一系列方法。本法可直接检测、比较蚊虫DNA重复序列,不受发育阶段、性别的影响,取材方便,简易可行。     

国产MALDI-TOF MS系统microTyper MS对革兰阴性菌的鉴定性能评估

目的 评估国产基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)系统microTyper MS鉴定革兰阴性菌的性能.方法 使用国产MALDI-TOF MS系统microTyper MS与进口质谱系统VITEK MS系统同步鉴定该实验室储存的标准菌株及2018年6月至2019年6月临床分离的革兰阴性菌株.鉴定结...     

奥美拉唑治疗尿毒症并发上消化道出血的疗效和安全性系统评价

目的 系统评价奥美拉唑治疗尿毒症并发上消化道出血的疗效和安全性。方法 检索Pubmed、EMbase、The Cochrane Library、EBSCO、CNKI、Wanfang Data、VIP、CBM(建库至2015年4月12日),收集相关的随机对照试验研究(RCTs),按照Cochrane 5.1手册,采用RevMan 5.3和STATA 11.0进行meta分析和评价。结果 与对照组相比,奥美拉唑治疗尿毒症并发上消化道出血的止血总有效率有显著性差异(P<0.000 01)。亚组分析显示：分别与H2受体拮抗剂组和空白对照组相比,奥美拉唑组止血总有效率有显著性差异(P<0.000 01或P<0.000 1);判定72 h为有效终点和96 h为有效终点(P<0.000 01)均有统计学差异。奥美拉唑组与对照组发生药物不良反应无统计学差异。结论 奥美拉唑治疗尿毒症并发上消化道出血安全有效。但鉴于纳入本次研究有一定的局限性,还仍需设计良好的大规模临床随机对照研究来验证。     

High expression of guanine nucleotide-binding protein-like-3-like is associated with poor prognosis in esophageal cancer

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein-like-3-like (GNL3L) is required for processing ribosomal pre-rRNA and cell proliferation and is upregulated in many types of cancer. This study is aimed to investigate the clinical significance of GNL3L in esophageal cancer. The mRNA and protein expression levels of GNL3L were determined by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, respectively. GNL3L was localized in both cytoplasm and nucleus. The expression levels of GNL3L in esophageal cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in adjacent nonmalignant tissues. High GNL3L expression was associated with pathologic type and poor differentiation. Patients with high GNL3L expression had shorter overall survival (OS) than those with low GNL3L expression. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that GNL3L expression was an independently predictive factor for the OS of patient with esophageal cancer. The Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) databases also showed that GNL3L was upregulated in esophageal cancer, which was closely associated with an unfavorable prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer. Taken together, our findings suggest that GNL3L is upregulated in esophageal cancer, which is linked to the progression of the disease. As a result, GNL3L could be used as a biomarker for esophageal cancer.     

A novel method of three-dimensional hetero-spectral correlation analysis for the fingerprint identification of humic acid functional groups for hexavalent chromium retention

Two-dimensional hetero-spectral correlation analysis has been widely used for the interpretation of spectral changes of humic substances involved in various environmental processes. However, when three different types of spectroscopies are utilised, only a pairwise correlation can be achieved. In order to overcome this problem, a novel method of three-dimensional hetero-spectral correlation analysis with scaling technique was developed in this study, which can further establish a direct correlation between three different types of spectroscopies, including FTIR, ¹³C CP/MAS NMR, and XPS. The proposed method was applied to the fingerprint identification of undissolved humic acid functional groups for Cr(vi) retention, which is one of the most important points for understanding the migration and transformation of Cr(vi) in a subsurface environment. The results indicated that mainly free and dissociated carboxylic groups, phenolic groups, and polysaccharide participated in the reaction with Cr(vi), and these functional groups were mainly located at aromatic domains. Besides, the variations of functional groups were related to the reduction of Cr(vi), and the reduced Cr(iii) mainly bound to aromatic domains. The successful application of the proposed method demonstrated that it can serve as a promising tool for further investigations concerning more complicated environmental processes and even other scientific fields by supplying more detailed, reliable and visualised spectral information.

A method of three-dimensional hetero-spectral correlation analysis was developed for fingerprint identification of humic acid functional groups for Cr(vi) retention.     

EGCG对去势雌性大鼠骨量丢失的预防作用

目的:研究表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯[(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate,EGCG]早期预防雌性去势大鼠骨量丢失的作用?方法:12周龄雌性Sprague-Dawley大鼠分为3组:A组,双侧卵巢切除去势术后第3天开始连续12周以10 mg/(kg?d) EGCG腹腔内注射;B组,仅接受双侧卵巢切除去势术,不接受EGCG干预;C组,假手术组,不接受EGCG干预?在实验终点时刻(24周龄)制作大鼠胫骨和股骨的离体标本用于micro-CT扫描,测量骨密度(BMD)和相关骨形态学参数:松质骨骨组织总量(total bone volume,TV)?骨量(bone volume,BV)?骨体积分数?平均骨小梁厚度?平均骨小梁数量和骨小梁分离度?皮质骨厚度和皮质骨骨体积分数;并对大鼠股骨远端骨组织进行HE染色?结果:根据micro-CT分析,A组大鼠的BMD和骨体积分数显著高于B组(P < 0.05)?A组松质骨分离度显著低于B组(P < 0.05)?其余骨形态学参数3组之间无统计学差异(P > 0.05)?骨组织学研究显示C组松质骨密度较A组和B组更加致密,A组松质骨密度则介于B组和C组之间?结论:EGCG在延缓雌性大鼠骨量丢失方面有积极作用,但是在年轻的雌性大鼠卵巢切除去势后以10 mg/(kg?d)的剂量预防性腹腔注射EGCG并不能完全恢复丢失的骨量?     

产科疾病编码常见问题分析

通过列举具体疾病,分析产科疾病编码中常见的三类问题,包括出现在孕产期不同时期的同一疾病名称,其疾病诊断命名和疾病编码不同;引发同一种疾病状态的致病因素很多,在产科疾病编码过程中必须要具体区分引发疾病产生的具体原因;某些疾病临床表现近似,诊断编码归类时容易混淆.初步探讨了产科疾病编码的一些特点,分析产生编码错误的原因并且提出了减少编码错误的措施,希望能够减少在产科疾病编码过程中出现类似错误,提高产科疾病编码的正确率.     

中医药在儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘中的应用现状及展望

儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)是一种特殊类型的哮喘,咳嗽是其唯一或主要临床表现,无明显喘息、气促等症状或体征,但有气道高反应性。我国儿童慢性咳嗽病因构成比多中心研究显示,CVA位居中国儿童慢性咳嗽病因构成比的首位。近年来,中医药在防治儿童CVA方面具有独特的优势。