腹腔镜多囊肾去顶术13例报告

目的 探讨腹腔镜、后腹腔镜下治疗多囊肾的手术路径、方法、适应证及临床可行性。方法 2例多囊肾经腹腔、11例经后腹腔镜一期实施双侧9例和单侧4例多发囊肿去顶减压术,找到肾周脂肪囊后,用超声刀充分游离出整个肾脏周缘,按术前定位,暴露囊肿,逐一距肾实质0.5 cm剪除多发的囊肿顶壁,对深层囊肿同样进行开窗,尽可能地减压吸净囊液。结果 13例多囊肾手术顺利,1例经腹腔途径术后当天发生气胸,行胸腔闭式负压引流后痊愈。手术时间50～240 min,平均139 min,失血量10～200 ml,平均58 ml。下床活动时间1～2 d,术后3～10 d出院,病理报告均符合多囊肾改变。随访1～30个月,平均14.3月,腰痛减轻8/11例;3例血压升高者术后9个月收缩压下降16～19 mm Hg;3例术前肌酐194～301μmol/L者,术后29个月复查肌酐较术前下降20～40μmol/L,其余10例肝肾功能均正常。结论 经腹腔镜或后腹腔镜途径去顶减压术治疗多囊肾方法可靠,疗效确切,创伤小,恢复快,安全性较高,值得在临床上推广应用。     

A case-controlled study of altered visual art production in Alzheimer's and FTLD.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize dementia-induced changes in visual art production. BACKGROUND: Although case studies show altered visual artistic production in some patients with neurodegenerative disease, no case-controlled studies have quantified this phenomenon across groups of patients. METHOD: Forty-nine subjects [18 Alzheimer disease, 9 frontotemporal dementia (FTD), 9 semantic dementia (SD), 15 healthy older controls (NC)] underwent formal neuropsychologic testing of visuospatial, perceptual, and creative functioning, and produced 4 drawings. Subjective elements of drawings were rated by an expert panel that was blind to diagnosis. RESULTS: Despite equal performance on standard visuospatial tests, dementia groups produced distinct patterns of artistic features that were significantly different from NCs. FTDs used more disordered composition and less active mark-making (P<0.05). Both FTDs and SDs drawings were rated as more bizarre and demonstrated more facial distortion than NCs (P<0.05). Also, SDs drastically failed a standardized test of divergent creativity. Alzheimer disease artwork was more similar to controls than to FTDs or SDs, but showed a more muted color palette (P<0.05) and trends toward including fewer details, less ordered compositions, and occasional facial distortion. CONCLUSIONS: These group differences in artistic style likely resulted from disease-specific focal neurodegeneration, and elucidate the contributions of particular brain regions to the production of visual art.     

几种脊椎动物心肌细胞的超微结构观察

①目的进一步了解动物心肌细胞的种属特性。②方法应用电子显微镜对鲤、蟾蜍、鳖和家鸽等几种脊椎动物心肌细胞进行了观察。③结果这几种动物心肌细胞的侧面连接较多见。除家鸽外，心肌细胞的肌原纤维的排列比较松散。所观察各种属动物的心肌细胞均含有单位膜包绕的特殊颗粒，以心房肌细胞为多，但这几种动物心肌细胞的特殊颗粒在大小、形态、分布等方面均有明显差异。家鸽心肌细胞的特殊颗粒小，常成群分布于肌膜下方，并可见颗粒外排迹象。其它种属的特殊颗粒大小不等，多位于核周区。横小管系统以家鸽心室肌最易辨认，其它均少见。家鸽心肌细胞中的肌原纤维较其它动物密集，且排列整齐。④结论脊椎动物心肌细胞的超微结构有种属特性。     

柯萨奇病毒诱发实验性多发性肌炎的初步研究

分别用不同量的柯萨奇病毒Ｂ１、２、３感染和兔肌匀浆加完全弗氏佐剂免疫正常豚鼠；拟建立多发性肌炎模型。结果发现：０．１ｍｌ毒力为１０－５ＴＣＩＤ５０柯萨奇病毒Ｂ１感染豚鼠组，３周后出现多发性肌炎症状。肌酶谱异常与其它组有明显差异，病理检查证实为多发性肌炎改变。单纯兔肌匀浆免疫对照组未发病。提示柯萨奇病毒Ｂ１感染及感染的病毒量与多发性肌炎的发病相关     

阿霉素不同剂量静脉注射的药动学及其临床意义

采用ＨＰＬＣ法测定１４例肿瘤患者使用不同剂量阿霉素的血药浓度，并计算药代参数。４０ｍｇ／ｍ２和２５ｍｇ／ｍ２两组的血药峰浓度、ＡＵＣ、Ｖｃ差异有显著性。阿霉素的药代动力学存在明显的个体差异，血药峰浓度、Ｖｃ、Ｋ１２与疗效相关。     

合肥工业大学高级知识分子糖尿病调查分析

目的　了解我校高级知识分子糖尿病患病情况及分析影响患病的相关因素。方法　采用流行病学统计方法分析数据。结果　糖尿病患病率为 17.78%,高于 1980年全国和 1995年全省患病率水平。患病率随年龄增长而增高 ,70岁以上为高峰 ,男女性别间患病率无差异。结论　糖尿病与高血压、高脂血症和肥胖有密切相关 ,应制定相应糖尿病防治措施。     

以酶解法从中药及药渣制备β—葡萄糖的研究

本实验首次将工业纤维素酶应用于中药及药渣中，探讨利用工业纤维素酶使中药及药渣的纤维素酶解为β－葡萄糖；实验结果表明：在５０℃，ｐＨ４．５，底物浓度为１５％的条件下，４８小时可酶解得５％以上的β－葡萄糖。     

Extraction, purification and ascertainment of anti-hepatoma active principles for targeted preparation of radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii]

The extraction, purification, pharmacological experiments and chemical analysis of anti-hepatoma active principles of Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii have been studied. The results show that the medicinal material Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii is efficacious in inhibiting hepatoma, and the active principles are mainly made up of poisonous ester alkaloids. The liver targeting delivery system will be the first choice for its anti-hepatoma preparation, and the effective component AY3a is fit for the preparation of targeted microspheres.     

浆细胞病患者IL-4产生细胞数减少的意义及机制探讨

本文运用APAAP法检测了16名浆细胞患者外周血细胞在PHA刺激下产生IL-4的能力。发现浆细胞病组阳性细胞比率明显低于正常对照组(P<0.001),且阳性细胞比率与患者血清中多克隆IgM、IgA水平呈正相关(r=0.806和r=0.703)。在正常人外周血中加入CRP50mg/L,经PHA刺激后IL-4产生细胞也明显减少。作者假设,由于IL-6增高引起CRP等急性期相蛋白大量分泌,使IL-4产生受到明显抑制,从而使B细胞激活发生障碍是浆细胞病中多克隆免疫球蛋白合成抑制的主要原因。