高效液相色谱法测定血清中依普拉芬浓度及在人体的药代动力学研究

高效液相色谱法测定血清中依普拉芬浓度及在人体的药代动力学研究马晓红许逸刘天培（南京医科大学基础医学院药理教研室，南京２１００２９）依普拉芬（ｉｐｒｉｆｌａｖｏｎｅ，７异丙氧基异黄酮）为一合成的异黄酮衍生物，是新型治疗骨质疏松药物。它主要通过抑制骨吸...     

Development of sleep-waking temporal sequencing in infants at risk for the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

The periodic organization of waking, quiet sleep, and active sleep was studied in control infants and siblings of victims of the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Spectral estimates of all-night binary state time series recorded at 1 week and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 months of age revealed disturbed patterns of sleep states, especially in active sleep, from as early as the first week of life. These disruptions continued until at least 6 months of age. These data support the contention that the temporal patterning of sleep state can be used as an important neurologic marker for development.     

Body composition changes during recovery from anorexia nervosa: comparison of two dietary regimes

Twelve patients with anorexia nervosa were studied on the Clinical Research Center for periods of 15 to 58 days. Five patients were fed a diet providing 20% of energy from protein and seven patients were fed a diet with only 10% of energy from protein. These patients had a reduced lean body mass in addition to a loss of body fat, and during recovery about two-thirds of the weight gain was lean tissue. The average energy cost of the weight gain was 5.3 kcal/g. There was no significant difference between the two diets for elemental metabolic balance, changes in anthropometric measures, in weight gain, or in potassium-40 counts; nor was there any difference in the energy cost of weight gain, in the rise in basal metabolic rate, or the change in hematocrit, serum albumin, or cholesterol. However, blood urea nitrogen was higher in those patients who received the high protein diet. Satisfactory nutritional rehabilitation of patients with anorexia nervosa does not require a high protein diet.     

Development of ultradian periodicity and coalescence at 1 cycle per hour in electroencephalographic activity

The development of ultradian periodicity at 1 cycle/h in electroencephalogram (EEG) variables and the coalescence of these variables with other somatic and autonomic parameters at hourly periodicities were examined in 23 normal infants at 1 week and at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 months of age in order to assess the organization of physiologic parameters which underlie the composition of sleep states. Each minute of a 12-h all-night sleep recording was assessed for the median heart and respiratory rate and variability, as well as for the integrated amplitude of the electromyogram, eye movement, and EEG activity at 0 to 1.5, 4 to 7, and 12 to 14 Hz. The amount of hourly periodicity was determined with spectral techniques, and coalescence between variables was examined with coherence procedures. The hourly organization of 12- to 14-Hz EEG activity increased with age, and the hourly organization of low-frequency, 1.5-Hz EEG activity became weaker. Relative to slower ultradian rhythms, however, activity in all three EEG bands increased during the 1- to 3-month period and then declined. The establishment of a high degree of coupling between EEG parameters and other physiologic variables required 3 to 4 months of development, a time frame which parallels the development of stable sleep state organization. Certain variables, such as respiration, showed an earlier time course for increased coherence with EEG parameters than did other parameters. These data suggest that the assessment of coupling between physiologic parameters at the hourly ultradian rhythm may provide an objective assessment of neurological development. They also suggest that the classification of sleep states might be aided by examination of the temporal organization of covarying physiologic parameters.     

Maternal factors associated with delivery of infants with birthweight less than 2000 grams in a low socioeconomic population

Women of low socioeconomic status (SES) are known to have a higher incidence of low birthweight (LBW) infants who are a major source of neonatal mortality and morbidity. SES, however, does not define a homogeneous population. If prenatal programs could be oriented specifically toward women of higher risk within the low SES population, they should be more effective. Within our uniformly low SES population, we compared mothers who had given birth to infants weighing less than 2000 g with mothers of infants weighing over 3000 g in order to identify factors associated with a LBW birth. We found medical factors, including hypertension and infection during pregnancy, demographic factors, including race, marital status, and lack of prenatal care, and lifestyle factors, including drug and alcohol abuse, to be more common among women giving birth to infants weighing less than 2000 g. These factors can be used to develop more effective intervention programs for low SES populations.     

小檗碱对培养大鼠神经细胞内游离Ca2+的影响

以Fura-2/AM为细胞内钙离子的荧光指示剂,用AR-CM-MIC阳离子测定系统,直接测定了体外培养的新生大鼠神经细胞内游离钙([Ca²⁺]i)值,并观察了小檗碱(Ber)的影响。结果表明,Ber对神经细胞静息[Ca²⁺]i无明显影响,Ber1～100μmol·L^-1能剂量依赖地抑制去甲肾上腺素和H₂O₂引起的[Ca²⁺]i升高,其IC₅₀分别为39.9和17.9μmol·L^-1。高剂量Ber(10～100μmol·L^-1)能抑制高K+引起的[Ca²⁺]i升高。姐果提示,Ber对去甲肾上腺素,高K⁺及H₂O₂引起的[Ca²⁺]i升高的抑制作用可能是其抗脑缺血作用机制之一。