A technique for periorbital syringomas: intralesional radiofrequency ablation

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of intralesional radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of periorbital syringomas. METHODS: We tried the intralesional radiofrequency ablation for 64 patients with periorbital syringomas from 2007 to 2011. The operation was performed under 2.5 loupe magnifications. The handpiece was assembled with a needle electrode and connected to the radiofrequency ablation apparatus. The electrode was then inserted into the target lesions in dermis and delivering injury to the base of these tumors. Results were assessed clinically by comparing pre- and post-treatment photographs and patient satisfaction rates. RESULTS: Clinical improvement increased with each subsequent treatment session. The percent of patients whose clinic improvement grade were≥3 after each session was respectively 71.9%(Session1), 83.3%(Session2), and 100%(Session3). The statistical results indicated the concordance of the clinical assessment and the satisfaction level of patients (kappa=0.78 of the session1; kappa=0.82 of the session2). The majority of patients had good or excellent cosmetic results. Postoperatively, there were no permanent side effects or recurrences. CONCLUSION: As a new technique of minimally invasion, the intralesional radiofrequency ablation was found to be an effective, inexpensive, highly precise and safe way of treating periorbital syringomas.     

老年性白内障与正常晶状体蛋白质双向电泳的差异

目的:应用双向电泳技术对比研究老年性白内障与正常晶状体,寻找差异表达的蛋白质。方法:分别收集老年性白内障和正常晶状体,采用固相pH梯度(IPG)等电聚焦双向电泳技术进行蛋白质分离,使用ImageMaster图像分析软件分析电泳图像,对比分析蛋白质表达的差异。结果:大部分晶状体蛋白质分布在Mr14000～97000,等电点(pI)5～9的范围内;高丰度蛋白质斑点分布在Mr20000～31000、等电点(pI)6～8的区域内。经软件分析正常组共识别出133±7个蛋白质斑点,白内障组共识别出136±8个斑点,两组之间的匹配率为87%(115个),其中有8个点蛋白质表达量增加了300%以上,其中44号增加了480%,有6个点蛋白质表达量减少了300%以上,其中125号减少了336%。结论:老年性白内障与正常晶状体存在差异表达的蛋白质。     

Detection of abnormal visual cortex in children with amblyopia by voxel-based morphometry

PURPOSE: To detect the abnormalities of gray matter in children with amblyopia by voxel-based morphometry (VBM). DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized clinical trial. METHODS: Thirteen children with amblyopia and 14 normally sighted children underwent magnetic resonance (MR) examination. The two groups were age-matched with a mean age of 5.8 years. In the amblyopia group, five children had strabismus amblyopia, and eight had anisometropic amblyopia. We analyzed the original 3-dimensional T1 brain images using the VBM module within the widely used analysis software package SPM2 (Welcome Department of Cognitive Neurology, London, United Kingdom). After normalization, segmentation, and smoothing of the images, comparison between amblyopic and control groups was derived for the gray matter of the entire brain using parametric statistics. RESULTS: The results of VBM analysis indicated that the amblyopic group had decreased gray matter density in the middle frontal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus of the left hemisphere, and the bilateral calcarine cortices. The radii of these regions ranged from 12 to 36 voxels. These abnormalities were consistent with morphologic changes in brain regions related to visual function. CONCLUSIONS: Using MR and VBM analysis, we detected morphologic changes in the visual cortex of children with amblyopia, which may indicate developmental abnormalities of visual cortex during the critical growth period.     

荧光标记大鼠全角膜新生血管和淋巴管的方法研究

目的探讨标记大鼠全角膜新生血管和淋巴管的方法。方法应用心脏灌注荧光联合全角膜免疫荧光法．共焦显微镜下区分并标记全角膜的新生血管和淋巴管。结果适度的抗体浓度和灌注时间下可标记出全角膜新生血管和淋巴管。血管呈黄绿色，淋巴管呈红色。结论心脏灌注荧光联合全角膜免疫荧光法可用于标记大鼠全角膜新生血管和淋巴管。     

Changes of TGF-β2, MMP-2, and TIMP-2 levels in the vitreous of patients with high myopia

Purpose

To investigate the concentrations of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2 in the vitreous of patients with high myopia.

Methods

Twenty-six patients with high myopia (HM) who received vitrectomy for macular retinoschisis or macular hole were enrolled in this prospective study. Twenty-six patients with idiopathic macular hole or macular epiretinal membrane were chosen as a control group. Vitreous samples were obtained during the vitrectomy surgery. The levels of TGF-β2、MMP-2、TIMP-2 in the vitreous samples were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The MMP activity was determined by a fluorometric assay.

Results

There was no significant difference in the vitreous level of TGF-β2 between HM (1.64?±?0.38 ng/ml) and the control group (1.56?±?0.32 ng/ml, p?=?0.56). The vitreous levels of MMP-2 in HM (32.40?±?14.90 ng/ml) were significantly higher than in the control group (21.42?±?6.74 ng/ml, p?MMP-2/TIMP-2 was significantly elevated in the vitreous samples from HM (0.61?±?0.19), compared to the control group (0.48?±?0.11, p?p?Conclusions The elevated MMP/TIMP ratio and MMP activity may play a role in the pathogenesis of human high myopia. Large prospective studies are needed to further investigate the effect of MMPs in the pathogenesis of human high myopia.     

2837例妊娠中期孕妇羊水间期细胞荧光原位杂交检测胎儿染色体异常的残余风险

目的 评估妊娠中期羊水间期细胞荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)检测后漏诊非13、18、21、X或Y染色体非整倍体异常核型的残余风险. 方法 对中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院2010年1月1日至2013年7月31日2 837例妊娠中期行羊膜腔穿刺术同时行间期细胞FISH检测和传统核型分析的病例及其结果进行回顾性分析.采用GLP 13/GLP21/CSP 18/CSPX/CSPY探针针对13、18、21、X或Y染色体进行间期细胞FISH检测.计算具有三大产前诊断指征(孕妇高龄、母体血清学筛查18或21-三体高风险、妊娠23周前超声发现胎儿有结构异常)的孕妇间期细胞FISH检测的检出率以及残余风险. 结果 2 837例标本中,共85例(3.0％)羊水细胞染色体核型分析异常.85例中的73例为13、18、21、X或Y染色体非整倍体的异常核型,间期细胞FISH结果均为阳性,其中21-三体共43例(包括2例嵌合体)、18-三体1 5例、13-三体l例、性染色体非整倍体14例(包括4例嵌合体).12例(14.1％)异常结果为非13、1 8、21、X或Y染色体的非整倍体,包括平衡性结构重排6例、非平衡性结构重排5例、其他染色体非整倍体1例.这12例中,间期细胞FISH结果阳性3例,均涉及21号染色体的不平衡性结构异常;阴性9例,其中4例遗传性平衡性重排和2例新生平衡性重排.2 837例病例间期细胞FISH分析对染色体异常的检出率为89.4％(76/85),异常核型漏诊率为14.1％(12/85),残余风险为0.43％(12/2 761). 结论 间期细胞FISH检测是核型分析的有效补充,但不能取代核型分析,单纯间期细胞FISH检测进行产前诊断可能漏诊部分染色体结构异常.在产前遗传咨询时,应向患者解释间期细胞FISH的检出率和残余风险,合理选择产前诊断方法.     

妊娠高血压综合征患者蜕膜组织中免疫相关细胞变化的研究

目的研究妊高征的免疫学发病机制。方法通过对妊高征患者及正常孕妇胎盘蜕膜组织中免疫相关细胞进行光镜观察,测定淋巴细胞转化率,探讨蜕膜免疫相关细胞的变化与妊高征之间的关系。结果蜕膜中大颗粒淋巴细胞及凋亡细胞显著增多,ＣＤ＋５７细胞数量及ＣＤ＋４与ＣＤ＋８比例上升,淋巴细胞转化率明显升高。结论蜕膜中免疫相关细胞参与了妊高征的免疫学发病机制。     

人卵丘颗粒细胞凋亡与卵子发育潜能的关系

目的:探讨人卵子周围卵丘颗粒细胞的凋亡状态与相应卵子发育潜能的关系。方法:收集卵泡浆内单精子注射(ICSI)患者每个卵子周围的卵丘颗粒细胞,流式细胞仪检测卵丘颗粒细胞的凋亡率,研究其凋亡率与卵子的成熟度、受精率及相应胚胎质量的关系。结果:MⅡ期卵子周围卵丘颗粒细胞的凋亡率明显低于GV期、MⅠ期及退变死亡的卵子周围卵丘颗粒细胞的凋亡率(P<0.05);MⅡ期受精卵子的卵丘颗粒细胞凋亡率显著低于未受精的卵子(P<0.01);发育成优质胚胎的MⅡ期卵子周围卵丘颗粒细胞的凋亡率低于发育成评分较低胚胎的卵子的卵丘颗粒细胞(P<0.05)。结论:卵巢刺激周期获取的卵子的成熟状态和发育潜能与相应卵丘颗粒细胞的凋亡程度相关。     

染色体核型分析联合染色体微阵列分析在平衡易位/倒位携带者产前诊断中的应用价值

目的:探讨染色体核型分析与染色体微阵列分析（chromosomal microarray analysis,CMA）技术在染色体平衡易位/倒位携带者产前诊断中的应用价值。方法:本研究为回顾性研究。纳入既往因自然流产（≥2次）、死胎、胎儿多发畸形或染色体异常患儿生育史,夫妇双方行外周血染色体核型分析和荧光原位杂交检测确诊...     

妊娠期母体／胎儿皮质醇的代谢及调节

皮质醇是妊娠期母体代谢与胎儿发育代谢不可缺少的物质。母体内与胎体内的皮质醇浓度梯度提示,胎盘是阻止母体皮质醇到达胎儿的屏障,11β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶（11β—HSD）在这个屏障中起主导作用。在妊娠不同阶段,皮质醇代谢与调节存在差异。母体的皮质醇能在妊娠中晚期通过胎盘。多种因素会影响11β—HSD的活性,进而影响皮质醇在母体与胎儿问的代谢调节。