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61.
62.
The Usefulness of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Anterolateral Impingement of the Ankle 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
LCDR Doug Duncan MD CAPT Tim Mologne MD CDR Hans Hildebrand MD Mark Stanley MD LT Richard Schreckengaust MD CAPT Dave Sitler MD 《The Journal of foot and ankle surgery》2006,45(5):304-307
The purpose of this study is to assess the sensitivity and specificity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of anterolateral impingement of the ankle and to assess the most helpful sequence in making the diagnosis. Twenty-four patients who had undergone ankle arthroscopy were chosen. Twelve patients had arthroscopically documented anterolateral impingement, and 12 patients with no impingement on arthroscopy served as controls. Two musculoskeletal radiologists and an orthopedic surgeon, blinded to the operative diagnosis, retrospectively reviewed selective MRI images in the sagittal, axial, and coronal planes. The sensitivities and specificities were calculated for all 3 reviewers. The Kendall coefficient of concordance was calculated for overall agreement among reviewers. Sensitivities varied from 0.75 to 0.83, whereas specificities varied from 0.75 to 1.00. Using the Fisher exact test of contingency, the sensitivities and specificities showed that all reviewers' interpretations were statistically significant with P = .039, .001, and .012, respectively. The axial images were felt to be most helpful in making the diagnosis. The physicians felt that the sagittal images were helpful in 67%, 83%, and 100%, respectively. MRI is a useful tool that can aid the clinician in the diagnosis of anterolateral impingement of the ankle. T1 sagittal images demonstrating displacement of the normal fat signal anterior to the fibula by scar can be useful and help to confirm the diagnosis. 相似文献
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Costimulatory molecules of the B7 family regulate the activation of T lymphocytes. T cell activation is promoted by binding of B7 molecules to CD28 and inhibited by binding to CTLA-4 (CD152). The balance between positive signals through CD28 and negative signals through CTLA-4 is critical for the fate of the T cell and is subject to tight regulation. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies have significantly advanced our understanding of the function of the CTLA-4 receptor. The results of these experiments suggest that CTLA-4 is critical for the induction of self-tolerance, and that it may have distinct signaling functions in resting and activated T cells. In resting T cells, CTLA-4 crosslinking leads to cell-cycle arrest, whereas in activated T cells, CTLA-4 crosslinking induces apoptosis. In this article, we will review the physiologic functions of the CTLA-4 receptor. 相似文献
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Armin W. Geiger M.D. F.I.C.A. Alexander M. Zarubin Ph.D. Marc Hertel Anke Fahrenkamp M.D. Gert von Bally Hans H. Scheld M.D. F.I.C.A. 《The International journal of angiology》1995,4(1):46-50
Dysfunction of heart valve prostheses—mechanical as well as biological—is a common problem in cardiac surgery. The reasons for the valve failures are still not well understood. Biological valves especially have an unsatisfactory durability; degeneration and calcification very often lead to the failure of the valves. In our opinion, hidden defects present in the valve material prior to implantation of the valves is a plausible explanation for the dysfunction. Hitherto there has been no technique to detect these defects without destructing the specimen. Holographic interferometry proved to be applicable forin vitro evaluation of mechanical heart valve prostheses. In the present paper we describe application of this method to biological valves. Nine porcine bioprostheses and four fresh porcine aortic valves were investigated by means of holographic interferometry. In eight of nine bioprostheses, the results showed irregularities of the leaflet structure which depend on anomalies of the connective tissue of the leaflets of the valves. To make sure that these findings are not due to normal variations of the morphology, the investigations were carried out with fresh and unfixated porcine aortic valves. In the latter, no such anomalies of the structure were detected. The results obtained confirm the above hypothesis on the origin of the later valve dysfunction. Thus, holographic interferometry tests of bioprostheses prior to their implantation prevent the use of potentially dysfunctional valves.Presented at the 35th World Congress, International College of Angiology, Copenhagen, Denmark, July 1993 相似文献
67.
Papillitis and vasculitis of the arteria spinalis anterior as complications of hepatitis C reinfection after liver transplantation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
T. Propst Albert Propst Karin Nachbaur I. Graziadei Hans Willeit Raimund Margreiter Wolfgang Vogel 《Transplant international》1997,10(3):234-237
It is well known that hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related chronic liver disease may be associated with various immunological
disorders including mixed cryoglobulinemia, which is accompanied by cutaneous vasculitis, arthralgias, membranoproliferative
glomerulonephritis, and neuropathy in association with cryoprecipitable immune complexes in serum. We describe here the first
case of central nervous system HCV infection with evidence of the virus in the cerebrospinal fluid in association with cryoglobulinemia
in a patient who developed recurrent episodes of papillitis and vasculitis of the arteria spinalis anterior after liver transplantation.
Received: 3 September 1996 Received after revision: 13 November 1996 Accepted: 6 December 1996 相似文献
68.
Gerhard G. Habermehl Hans C. Krebs Philippe Rasoanaivo Angeline Ramialiharisoa 《Toxicon》1994,32(12):1539-1542
In a single outbreak on the East coast of Madagascar, more than 500 people, 98 of whom died, were poisoned by the flesh of a shark, Carcharhinus amboinensis. From clinical symptoms it can be concluded that this poisoning is due to ciguatera toxins. It is the first case of a severe outbreak caused by a shark, and it is the first case with a mortality rate of 20%. 相似文献
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