Attempted treatment of factor H deficiency by liver transplantation

Complement factor H (FH) deficiency is one of the causes of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Most patients with FH deficiency associated HUS progress to end-stage renal disease despite plasma therapy. Moreover, the disease invariably recurs in the graft kidney and causes graft failure. We confirmed FH deficiency in a 30-month-old boy with recurrent HUS of 2 years duration, and attempted an auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation (APOLT) to overcome the sustained intractable dependency on plasma therapy. APOLT restored the plasma FH level, without HUS recurrence, for 7 months. However, thereafter he suffered from serious infectious complications associated with immunosuppression and finally died 11 months after APOLT. In conclusion, although APOLT showed clinical and laboratory improvement for some period in this patient, the final fatal outcome suggests that liver transplantation should be cautiously applied to patients with HUS associated with FH deficiency.     

Percutaneous nonvascular splenic intervention: a 10-year review

OBJECTIVE: We performed a retrospective review of our experiences with percutaneous splenic interventions to evaluate the safety and usefulness of these procedures. We examined both the success rate and the complication rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used our electronic database to perform a retrospective analysis of patients treated from January 1990 to December 2000. Thirty-nine imaging-guided percutaneous splenic procedures were performed in 38 patients: 27 men and 11 women who ranged in age from 17 to 83 years (mean age, 56.5 years). For 28 procedures, sonographic guidance was used, and for 11, CT guidance was used. Procedures performed included splenic biopsy (n = 24), fluid aspiration (n = 8), and fluid drainage (n = 7). RESULTS: Splenic biopsy was successful in 91% of the procedures; fluid aspiration, in 100%; and fluid drainage, in 86%. The overall complication rate was 10.3%, with three patients requiring emergency splenectomy as a result of massive bleeding after the procedure. Two of these patients had previously unrecognized vascular tumors, and one had concomitant refractory thrombocytopenia. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that splenic biopsy can be performed safely and is of considerable value in diagnosis. Our findings also show that percutaneous catheter drainage of splenic abscesses is successful and that splenectomy should be reserved for failed percutaneous drainage. The complications that occur after procedures on vascular tumors emphasize the importance of requiring normal coagulation parameters before the procedure because the vascular nature of the lesion may be difficult to recognize on imaging before the procedure.     

Comparison of hydraulic and hemolytic properties of different impeller designs of an implantable rotary blood pump by computational fluid dynamics

A mixed-flow blood pump for long-term applications has been developed at the Helmholtz-Institute in Aachen, Germany. Central features of this implantable pump are a centrally integrated motor, a blood-immersed mechanical bearing, magnetic coupling of the impeller, and a shrouded impeller, which allows a relatively wide clearance. The aim of the study was a numerical analysis of hydraulic and hemolytic properties of different impeller design configurations. In vitro testing and numerical simulation techniques (computational fluid dynamics [CFD]) were applied to achieve a comprehensive overview. Pressure-flow charts were experimentally measured in a mock loop in order to validate the CFD data. In vitro hemolysis tests were performed at the main operating point of each impeller design. General flow patterns, pressure-flow charts, secondary flow rates, torque, and axial forces on the impeller were calculated by means of CFD. Furthermore, based on streak line techniques, shear stress (stress loading), exposure times, and volume percentage with critical stress loading have been determined. Comparison of CFD data with pressure head measurements showed excel-lent agreement. Also, impressive trend conformity was observed between in-vitro hemolysis results and numerical data. Comparison of design variations yielded clear trends and results. Design C revealed the best hydraulic and hemolytic properties and was chosen as the final design for the mixed-flow rotary blood pump.     

肝胰十二指肠器官簇移植术后的免疫抑制治疗

目的探讨肝胰十二指肠器官簇移植术后的免疫抑制治疗的合理用药方案。方法收集本中心共实施的10例肝胰十二指肠器官簇移植手术病例,其中5例为上腹部肿瘤伴腹腔多发转移病灶患者接受了肝脏、胰腺及上消化道全切除术后行器官簇移植,5例乙型肝炎后肝硬化失代偿期合并2型糖尿病患者予以单纯肝切除术后行器官簇移植。10例患者均采用巴利昔单抗＋他克莫司＋激素＋霉酚酸酯四联免疫抑制方案,对患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果10例患者手术顺利,术后肝脏、胰腺及十二指肠功能恢复良好。5例肿瘤患者最长存活326d,3例死于多器官功能衰竭,2例死于肿瘤复发。5例肝硬化合并糖尿病患者除1例于术后4周死于移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）外,其余4例均存活,最长生存时间已超过21个月。随访期内及至患者死亡,10例患者均未发生排斥反应。结论采用巴利昔单抗＋他克莫司＋激素＋霉酚酸酯四联免疫抑制方案可以有效预防肝胰十二指肠器官簇移植术后排斥反应的发生。     

经尿道前列腺切除术后患者再次入院的诊治分析

目的探讨经尿道前列腺切除术（TURP）后患者再入院的原因和治疗方法。方法采用回顾性的临床研究方法,分析2004年5月至2011年3月良性前列腺增生（BPH）患者行TURP后再次入院的比率、原因和治疗方法。结果 1604例前列腺电切术后再入院93例,约占接受手术治疗者的5.8%,平均再入院时间17个月。其中膀胱颈疤痕狭窄18例,行膀胱镜下疤痕切除术;腺体复发42例,行再次TURP术;反复肉眼血尿并急性尿潴留17例,均在膀胱镜下行血块清除术;尿道狭窄16例,11例行尿道镜下冷刀内切开,5例行尿道外口切开术,术后联合定期尿道扩张治愈。结论 BPH患者行TURP后再次入院的比率为5.8%,腺体复发是TURP术后再入院的主要原因。术前准确诊断、合理选择手术方式及术中、术后正确处理是预防TURP术后再次入院的关键。     

骨水泥量对椎体成形术疗效和渗漏并发症的影响

目的 探讨椎体成形术中注入的骨水泥量对疗效和渗漏的影响. 方法 对2006年7月至2011年5月广州医学院附属广州市第一人民医院脊柱外科收治的186例腰椎骨质疏松性压缩性骨折患者,行椎体成形术,注入聚甲基异丁烯酸( polymethyl methacrylate,PMMA)治疗,对VAS缓解程度和生活质量进行比较. 结果 术后出现骨水泥渗漏73例.出现渗漏患者注入骨水泥量为(4.05±0.76)ml;未出现渗漏患者注入骨水泥量为(3.03 ±0.82) ml,两者统计学上有显著性差异(P=0.000).注入骨水泥量＜3.5 ml者83例,≥3.5 ml者103例,两组术后VAS、疼痛缓解程度、生活质量,在统计学上均未见显著性差异(P＞0.05). 结论 椎体成形术中,注入骨水泥量对疗效影响不大;注入过多的骨水泥会导致渗漏增多.     

透明帽法内镜黏膜切除术与多环黏膜套扎切除术治疗早期食管癌及癌前病变的比较研究

目的比较透明帽法内镜下黏膜切除术（EMR—Cap）与多环黏膜套扎切除术（MBM）治疗早期食管癌及癌前病变的疗效和安全性。方法回顾性分析2008年12月至2009年12月间在中国医学科学院肿瘤医院内镜科接受EMR—CaP治疗的30例（EMR—Cap组）及2010年1月至2011年1月间接受MBM治疗的32例（MBM组）早期食管癌及癌前病变患者的临床资料,比较两种技术的疗效、安全性及费用。结果EMR,Cap组平均病变切除时间和治疗总时间分别为26rain和43min．明显长于MBM组的10min和32min（P=0．036,P=0．038）。切除病变总厚度和黏膜下切除深度两组差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。EMR—Cap组平均治疗费用为（5466±354）元,明显高于MBM组的（4014±368）元（P=0．008）。EMR—Cap组出现术后狭窄1例,MBM组出现术中穿孔1例。术后随访17～42个月,无一例局部复发,EMR—Cap组m现1例淋巴结转移。结论EMR—Cap和MBM均是治疗早期食管癌和癌前病变微创、安全和有效的手段。在保证相同治疗效果的前提下,与EMR—Cap相比,MBM具有操作简单、治疗时间短、治疗成本低的优点,适宜广泛推广和开展。     

脊髓损伤患者重建膀胱功能护理研究

目的:对脊髓损伤患者在住院期间实施重建膀胱功能训练,提高截瘫患者生活自理能力。方法:对我科63例截瘫患者分阶段,联合应用无菌间歇导尿、膀胱区脉短波及针灸治疗,为患者训练膀胱功能重建。结果:63例截瘫患者以积极乐观的情绪配合治疗,均在4周内恢复自主排尿。结论:重建膀胱功能训练对脊髓损伤患者的康复的积极作用,值得临床推广应用。     

基于Andersen行为模型的社区老年人医养结合养老需求分析

背景　我国医养结合发展中屡遇瓶颈,仍有诸多问题亟待解决。而老年人多阶段、多层次、多元化的医养结合养老需求是影响机构发展及其服务实现的“源头性”问题,精准把握并分析其需求现状,是健康合理发展医养结合、改善供需错位状况、实现资源优化配置的有力保障。目的　调查泸州市社区老年人对医养结合的认知及需求情况,并分析其影响因素,为发展医养结合养老模式提供依据。方法　2018年2—5月采用便利抽样法选取泸州市符合纳入标准的社区老年人650例,采用一般资料调查表、医养结合相关情况调查表、衰弱综合评估量表、抑郁自评量表、社会支持评定量表进行调查;以Andersen行为模型为基础,将调查内容中关于社区老年人医养结合养老需求的影响因素分别纳入倾向性因素、使能因素和需求性因素,构建3个Logistic回归模型进行分析,采用Hosmer-Lemeshow检验模型预测概率及拟合优度,采用二元Logistic回归分析社区老年人医养结合养老需求的影响因素。结果　共发放问卷650份,回收有效问卷627份,有效回收率为96.5%。627例老年人中,340例（54.2%）对医养结合有所了解,416例（66.3%）表示有医养结合养老需求。模型Ⅱ和模型Ⅲ的-2对数似然值（-2LL）均小于模型Ⅰ,Cox＆Snell R2、Nagelkerke R2均大于模型Ⅰ;模型Ⅲ的-2LL小于模型Ⅱ,Cox＆Snell R2、Nagelkerke R2均大于模型Ⅱ,表明模型Ⅲ对样本的拟合程度最好。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄〔OR=1.692,95%CI（1.118,2.560）〕、子女数〔OR=0.571,95%CI（0.407,0.800）〕、就医方便度〔OR=2.931,95%CI（2.117,4.058）〕、社会支持度〔OR=0.455,95%CI（0.326,0.635）〕、慢性病患病情况〔OR=1.999,95%CI（1.343,2.975）〕、医养结合认知水平〔OR=1.719,95%CI（1.222,2.418）〕、衰弱程度〔OR=2.495,95%CI（1.666,3.736）〕、抑郁程度〔OR=1.914,95%CI（1.296,2.827）〕是社区老年人医养结合养老需求的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论　泸州市社区老年人医养结合知晓、需求水平较高,医养结合养老需求受多种因素的影响,建议政府、企业及后续研究者在今后的调查研究过程中对不同影响因素加以分类分析。医养结合养老服务仍需先行试点,逐步开展。     

焦虑抑郁压力量表在医学生中的信效度检验

目的 对焦虑抑郁压力量表(ADDI-27)进行汉化,并检验其在医学生焦虑抑郁压力评价中的信效度。 方法 通过翻译、回译等过程后确定中文版焦虑抑郁压力量表;选取山东某综合性大学医学部学生实施一般资料的问卷调查和焦虑抑郁压力量表评定;采用SPSS 24.0进行信度检验(Cronbachs α系数、分半信度系数)、探索性因子分析以及量表在各维度得分上的区分效度检验。 结果 共收集了404名医学大学生的信息,焦虑抑郁压力量表的Cronbachs α系数为0.907,分半信度系数为0.863;各因子得分上均具有较好的区分效度(P均<0.001),探索性因子分析共抽取3个因子,各因子所包含条目与原量表相同。 结论 焦虑抑郁压力量表具有较好的信度和效度,在医学大学生群体中被证实是有效、可行的。