Exact BPF and FBP algorithms for nonstandard saddle curves

A hot topic in cone-beam CT research is exact cone-beam reconstruction from a general scanning trajectory. Particularly, a nonstandard saddle curve attracts attention, as this construct allows the continuous periodic scanning of a volume-of-interest (VOI). Here we evaluate two algorithms for reconstruction from data collected along a nonstandard saddle curve, which are in the filtered backprojection (FBP) and backprojection filtration (BPF) formats, respectively. Both the algorithms are implemented in a chord-based coordinate system. Then, a rebinning procedure is utilized to transform the reconstructed results into the natural coordinate system. The simulation results demonstrate that the FBP algorithm produces better image quality than the BPF algorithm, while both the algorithms exhibit similar noise characteristics.     

精制蝮蛇抗栓酶加优降糖治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病临床观察

为使Ⅱ型糖尿病及有关并发症的治疗达到简便、适用和良好的效果 ,该研究采用了精制蝮蛇抗栓酶加优降糖治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病 ,并与优降糖治疗组对照 ,3wk一疗程 ,两组病例各 5 5例。结果治疗组总有效率 87 3% (48/5 5 ) ,对照组总有效率6 7 3% (37/5 5 )。经统计学处理 ,P <0 0 5 ,两组疗效有显著性差异 ,该疗法减少了口服降糖药的用量 ,避免了胰岛素的不良反应 ,有利于有关并发症的改善 ,无明显副作用发生 ,疗效确实。     

中药复方962对老龄大鼠皮质胆碱乙酰转移酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的影响

为研究中药复方 962胶囊对老龄大鼠皮质胆碱乙酰转移酶 (ChAT)和乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AchE)活性的影响 ,将2 2月龄和 2 4月龄Wistar大鼠分为青年对照组、老年模型组、阳性对照脑复康组 ( 0 .56g/kg)、962中剂量组 ( 0 .9g/kg)和 962大剂量组 ( 1 .8g/kg) 5组 ,分别灌胃给药 1～ 2个月后处死大鼠。用Fonnun法和羟胺比色法分别测定 5组大鼠皮质的ChAT和AchE的活性。结果 :中药复方 962大剂量 ( 1 .8g/kg)对老龄大鼠皮质ChAT活性有提高作用 (P <0 .0 5) ,但对AchE无显著影响。提示 :中药复方 962可能通过影响老龄大鼠中枢胆碱能神经系统而改善其衰老的变化     

肺癌外科治疗技术的改进

目的 为在肺癌的外科治疗过程中减少并发症的发生率,提高手术治疗效果。方法 对前期（１９７２年２月至１９８９年２月）与后期（１９８９年３月至１９９９年２月）的１１７８例肺癌病例在麻醉方法、手术入路、肺根及癌灶的处理、手术并发症的发生率和死亡率等方面进行了分析比较。结果 手术时间由平均２１７ｍｉｎ减少至１２９ｍｉｎ;术中输血量由平均８３０ｍｌ减少至４６０ｍｌ;呼吸衰竭发生率由３．４％降至１．５％;急性     

药物诱导狗Ⅰ型糖尿病的研究

To evaluate the efficiency and toxic and side effect of the combined chemical inducer for Type I diabetes mellitus, Type I diabetes in 9 adult dogs were induced with alloxan(50 mg.kg-1) and streptozotocin (30 mg.kg-1) with vein injection. After 7-14 days, the blood glucose of 5 male dogs was kept on high levels [mean value was (22.7 +/- 3.2) mmol.L-1], exogenous insulin was (21.4 +/- 2.4) U.day-1. Three female dogs died in 7 days after they had been injected with the combined inducers. Alloxan-streptozotocin combination administration reduced the dosage of each drug, and decreased the toxic and side effect of each drug. The results suggest that this method has a high rate of success to induce Type I diabetes male dogs.     

Allelic loss on chromosome-13 can preceed histological-changes in head and neck-cancer

Seventy paired tumor and blood samples from patients with upper aerodigestive tract squamous cell carcinoma (UADT SCC) were tested for allelic loss on chromosome 13. Increased loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was observed at 11 of 13 different highly polymorphic microsatellite 'CA' dinucleotide repeat-containing loci. Increasing percent LOH correlated with lymph node metastasis (N Stage) (p=0.016). LOH was also detected in 10 of 16 (63%) informative samples of histologically normal mucosa adjacent to the tumors. These findings demonstrate that allelic loss on chromosome 13 is a frequent event in UADT SCC. Furthermore, these genetic alterations can be detected prior to histological changes in normal mucosa adjacent to these tumors.     

Human papillomaviruses and papillomatosis lesions of the female lower genital tract

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are involved in the development of papillomatosis lesions of the lower female genital tract.Methods: A total of 616 biopsy specimens of genital papillomatous lesions (307 nodular and 309 papular types) from 598 patients were anaylyzed for the presence of HPV DNA sequences by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These specimens were also examined by histopathological assessment for characteristic HPV-associated cytological changes, by immunohistochemical staining for HPV-associated antigen, and by electron microscopy for the presence of virions.Results: HPV DNA sequences were found in 97.9% (140 of 143 cases) and 1.1% (1 of 91 cases) of the nodular and papular papillomatosis cases tested, respectively. In 18 patients who had both types of papillomatosis lesions, HPV DNA was invariably found only in nodular tissues. HPV-associated antigen, koilocytosis, and virions were found in 53.6% (98 of 183 cases), 70.5% (129 of 183 cases), and 5.9% (5 of 85 cases) of nodular papillomatosis lesions tested, respectively.Conclusions: These data suggest that nodular papillomatosis was closely associated with HPV infection, but that papular papillomatosis of the lower female genital tract may have an etiology other than HPV infection.     

职业人群不健康行为生活方式与高尿酸血症的关系及高血压、血脂异常的效应修饰作用

目的 探索不健康行为生活方式与高尿酸血症的关系,以及高血压、血脂异常的效应修饰作用,为预防高尿酸血症提供理论依据。方法 采用横断面调查研究设计,基于2021年10-12月来自四川省、贵州省28个地级市和重庆市33个区（县）中国铁路成都局集团有限公司的西南职业人群队列基线数据,通过问卷调查、体格测量及实验室生化检测收集研究对象的人口学特征、行为生活方式、慢性非传染性疾病患病情况。不健康行为生活方式得分根据吸烟、饮酒、膳食模式、体力活动和低体重/超重状况进行评分,分值越高不健康行为生活方式越多。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析不健康行为生活方式评分、吸烟状况、饮酒状况等与高尿酸血症的关系,采用分层分析探索高血压等疾病对不健康行为生活方式与高尿酸血症之间关系的修饰效应。结果 共纳入11 748名研究对象,高尿酸血症患病率为34.4%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,现在吸/既往吸烟、现在饮/既往饮酒及BMI异常是高尿酸血症患病的危险因素,不健康行为生活方式对高尿酸血症患病风险呈现累积效应,随着得分的升高,高尿酸血症患病风险升高,OR值由1.64（95%CI：1.34~2.00）上升至2.89（95%CI：2.39~3.50）。分层分析结果显示,在高血压及血脂异常人群中,不健康行为生活方式对高尿酸血症患病风险影响更大。结论 多种不健康行为生活方式的共存会升高高尿酸血症患病风险,这一效应在高血压、血脂异常人群中更明显。及时纠正不健康行为生活方式,并控制高血压和血脂异常,降低患高尿酸血症的风险。     

上海市50岁及以上人群维生素D水平与握力的关联研究

目的 探讨上海市≥50岁人群维生素D水平与握力的关系。方法 数据来源于WHO全球老龄化与成人健康研究我国上海市2018-2019年数据,采用logistic回归模型分析维生素D水平与握力的关系,进一步按照性别、年龄及乳制品摄入情况进行分层;采用限制性立方样条曲线绘制维生素D水平与低握力的剂量-反应曲线。结果 共4 391人纳入研究,其中男性2 054人（46.8%）;年龄（67.02±8.81）岁;低握力1 421人（32.4%）;维生素D不足及缺乏分别为1 533人（34.9%）和401人（9.1%）。在调整相关混杂因素后,logistic回归分析结果显示,维生素D缺乏的人群发生低握力的风险更高（OR=1.41,95%CI：1.09~1.83）;在男性中,调整相关混杂因素后,维生素D缺乏与低握力发生风险呈显著正相关（OR=1.67,95%CI：1.12~2.50）,而女性中两者之间无关联（OR=1.30,95%CI：0.97~1.74）;在60~69岁及≥80岁年龄组中,调整相关混杂因素后,维生素D缺乏与低握力发生风险呈显著正相关（OR=1.57,95%CI：1.05~2.35;OR=2.40,95%CI：1.08~5.31）,在乳制品摄入<250 ml/d的人群中,调整相关混杂因素后,二者之间呈显著正相关（OR=1.57,95%CI：1.17~2.09）,而在乳制品摄入≥250 ml/d的人群中无明显关联。限制性立方条样图显示,低握力的发生风险可能随维生素D含量的上升而降低,但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 维生素D水平与握力存在一定的关系,维生素D缺乏人群出现低握力的风险更高。     

上海市儿童单纯性肥胖的调查

目的了解上海市学龄儿童肥胖发生率、肥胖对血压的影响以及肥胖影响因素,为预防儿童肥胖制订防制策略及措施提供基础资料。方法整群抽取１７５１名７～１１岁学龄儿童,测量身高、体重及血压等指标,并按统一编制的调查表进行问卷调查。结果肥胖检出率１４．０５％,其中男性高于女性,分别为１５．６７％和１２．２６％,差别有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。肥胖儿童高血压检出率４．８８％,明显高于非肥胖儿童０．１９９％,差别有高度显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。喜食肥肉及油腻性食物、吃饭速度快者,肥胖检出率高。结论上海市儿童单纯性肥胖检出率似接近发达国家水平,肥胖儿童中高血压者明显增多。应指导家长对儿童进行合理饮食,平衡膳食,减少肥胖症发生。