上肢屈曲性旋转撕脱离断伤的形成及功能挽救

目的探讨上肢轴向屈曲性旋转撕脱离断伤的形成以及侧胸和背部组织在功能挽救中的应用方式和疗效。方法2000年7月～2003年9月共收治6例上肢轴向屈曲性旋转撕脱离断伤患者,所有病例行一期再植或寄养再植。术后肩关节外展90°、肘关节屈曲100°位石膏或支具固定,6周后去除固定行功能锻炼。结果6例患者再植均顺利成活,随访3个月～2年,术后肩关节外展50°～90°,前屈50°～70°,后伸20°～30°,内收20°～40°;肘关节屈曲100°～140°,伸-20°～0°;重建术后3个月时屈肘肌力达Ⅳ～Ⅴ级。结论充分利用侧胸和背部组织特点进行分期、分层手术,解决创面覆盖和功能重建互相干扰的矛盾,是挽救严重轴向屈曲性旋转撕脱离断伤上肢,恢复其外形和功能的可靠方法。     

鸡破骨细胞分化因子（chODF)编码基因克隆与序列分析

目的克隆鸡破骨细胞分化因子(chODF)基因,并对其进行序列测定和分析。方法根据GeneBank报道的预测的鸡ODF基因(GeneBank登录号,XM425625)序列,设计引物。从鸡胚额骨分离培养的成骨细胞中提取总RNA,逆转录合成cDNA,用SOE-PCR的方法扩增鸡ODF基因全序列。将获得的预期大小的PCR产物插入pMD18-T克隆载体,转化E.coli感受态细胞,提取质粒,进行双酶切鉴定,对含有目的片段的克隆进行序列测定。结果从成骨细胞中成功地克隆鸡ODF基因片段,其结果与GeneBank上报道的预测序列具有很高的相似性,达到99.3%,与人、小鼠、犬的一致性分别为55.4%、52%和55.7%,提示该基因在进化过程的保守。ODF基因全长1203bp,其阅读框起始于第一个氨基酸,终止于最后一个氨基酸,无信号肽,共编码400个氨基酸。结论ODF作为惟一能够直接诱导破骨细胞分化和功能的细胞因子,对它的深入研究可为探讨骨质疏松等代谢性骨病的发病机制及预防、治疗开辟出广阔的领域。     

自制多孔平行双支架管在尿道下裂手术中的应用

目的 探讨提高各型尿道下裂修复手术成功率的方法.方法 220例尿道下裂患者,均采用一期尿道成形术.阴茎伸直后,用带蒂包皮内板尿道成形术(Duckett术)195例;阴囊中隔+带蒂包皮内板联合成形术20例;膀胱黏膜游离移植尿道成形术5例.用自制带有多个侧孔的平行双硅胶管作为尿道下裂修复手术中新形成的尿道支架管.结果 术后随访1～8年,208例一期手术成功,排尿通畅;2例术后出现尿瘘;6例手术1个月后出现尿道吻合口狭窄,4例术后1个月尿道外口狭窄.结论 本组一期手术成功率达94.5%,自制带有多侧孔的平行双硅胶管作为尿道支架管,具有通畅引流、利于冲洗等优点,可减少感染、尿瘘、狭窄的发生率.     

Targeted Thrombolytic Liposomes

Becauseofvariousthrombolyticagentsnowavailableassociatedwithlowthrombolyticspecificity ,largedoserequiredforclinicaltreatment,andperplexingsideeffectofhemorrhage ,westudiedthethrombus targetedliposomeswhichhavespecificaffinitytoactivatedplatelets .WithtetrapeptideRGDSasthehomingdevice ,theobtainedliposomescanspecifi callyrecognizethereceptorGPIIb IIIaoftheactivatedplateletsinthrombus ,bywhichthrombustargetabilityisachieved .Thefollowingpartsareincludedinthestudy .Eggphosphatidylcholine (E…     

踝关节骨折手术治疗的综合分析

目的:探讨手术治疗踝关节骨折的方法,对手术疗效进行回顾性分析并总结临床经验。方法:随访资料完整的187例踝关节骨折患者作为研究对象,男106例,女81例;年龄13～63岁。按照Lauge-Hansen分型,旋后外旋型131例,旋前外旋型33例,旋后内收型16例,旋前外展型7例。所有病例均行开放复位内固定。结果:随访时间为6～36个月,平均20个月,骨折愈合时间8～14周。疗效按Leeds临床评定标准进行评定:优159例,良22例,差6例。下胫腓关节固定58例,发生螺钉断裂5例,术后脱位再次手术1例。内、外踝切口表浅感染或坏死14例,无畸形愈合发生。结论:内固定治疗的关键是恢复踝关节解剖关系,腓骨及下胫腓韧带对踝关节的稳定起重要作用,重视皮肤软组织的处理是提高疗效的重要因素。     

健康体检人群糖尿病相关知识的调查

目的了解健康体检人群对糖尿病相关知识的掌握情况及需求。方法采用问卷调查法对389名健康受检者就其对糖尿病相关知识掌握情况及需求进行调查。结果54．8％受检者不知道糖尿病患病率随年龄增长而增高，71．5％了解糖尿病慢性并发症的累及器官，而对糖尿病可引起足部、神经病变的知晓率不足50．0％。81．2％对合理饮食、控制肥胖能预防糖尿病持肯定态度，而52．2％不认为控制烟酒能够预防糖尿病的发生、发展。受检者对糖尿病预防措施、并发症及治疗知识的需求占前3位。结论体检人群对糖尿病知识掌握情况存在不足，对糖尿病的预防认知不够。医护人员应加强糖尿病各方面知识的推广和普及，提高体检人群的防护意识，从而降低糖尿病的发病率。     

肘管综合征的解剖和病因学探讨

[目的]探讨肘管综合征的解剖特点和发病原因。[方法]对65例肘管综合征患者的临床资料和术中所见,以及其中25例患者术前肌电图检查的结果进行综合研究分析。[结果]术中见60例患者存在肘管弓状韧带的肥厚增生,卡压磨损尺神经导致炎性病变;术前肌电图检查发现25例患者的尺神经传导速度均减慢,平均传导速度为27.97m/s;运动反应波幅降低,平均电压为1.95mv;潜伏期延长,平均时间为5.41ms;65例肘管综合征患者,继发于肘部创伤25例,慢性劳损15例,慢性骨关节炎14例,占位病变5例,先天异常有6例。[结论]肘部的创伤及慢性劳损可以导致肘管弓状韧带出现肥厚增生,引起尺神经卡压磨损,这是肘管综合征最常见的病因;其他病因还包括慢性骨关节炎,占位病变和先天异常;尺神经可被机械性卡压和磨损,出现慢性缺血缺氧,导致肘管综合征的发生;详细的体格检查和术前的肌电图检查是诊断肘管综合征的主要手段,在诊断时应注意该病与其他部位迟发性尺神经麻痹的鉴别。     

肾功能损伤分级系统在成人心脏术后的应用

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate of adilty of two acute renal failure-specific scoring systenms (the classification by Bellome et al and the AKIN criteria) for predicting hospital mortality after cardiac surgery in adult patients. Methods Between October 1 st 2006 to Decemjber 31 st 2006, 509 adult patients who ungerwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and/ or valve operation were enrolled in this study. The medical data collection included gender, age, types of operation, perioperative he- modynamic parameters, urine output, biochemical parameters and outcome. Renal function was assessed daily according to the classi- ficatinn by Bellomo and the AKIN criteria, respectively. As references, Acure Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE) Ⅱ and Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score were also calculated. Resuits Three hundred and forty-one patients were male (67.0%), and 168 were female (33.0%), mean age was (56.2±12.0) years old. Tnree hundred and nine patieats un- derwent CABG, 182 underwent valve operation and 18 underwent CABG plus valve operation, Mean duration of ventilation support was (20.4±17.7) houra, and the ICU stay was (1.4±1.0) days. Postoperative hospital stay was (13.8±9.1) days. According to the classification by Bellomo., the highest in-hospital mortality was 52.9% in ARFS group. Mahiplicatinn of in-hospital morality rate was abserved (X2 for trend, P<0.01) in 0.4% (non-ARF), 1.2% (stage 1), 12.0% (stal～ 2) and 32.4% (stage 3) of pa- tients based on the AKIN criteria. By applying the area under the receiver operating characteristic ourve, the classification by Bellomo and the AKIN criteria had good discriminative power. Furthering, multivariate logistic regression analysis verified that the Odds Ratio of the AKIN criteria was 5.478 (P =0.028, 95% Confidence Interval 1.027- 24.856), after adjusting for gender and age. Con- clusion Analytical data confinned good discriminative power of both the AKIN criteria and the classification by Bellomo for predicting hospital mortality of adult postoperative patient with ARF.     

新一代低频电治疗仪的研制

本文介绍一种新型低频电脉冲治疗仪，采用新型单片机、程序控制和OTL功率放大器，产生变化有序的多种治疗脉冲波形模拟针灸治疗。电脉冲刺激器治疗仪可以用作减轻疼痛、放松肌肉、预防和减缓肌肉萎缩、增加局部血液循环等。