Optical coherence tomography as a method for identifying benign and malignant microscopic structures in the prostate gland

OBJECTIVES: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a new optical imaging technique capable of providing cross-sectional imaging of tissue microstructure in vivo and in real time. OCT was used in the setting of the human prostate ex vivo, and the images acquired were compared with those obtained using standard histopathologic methods. METHODS: Multiple samples (3 to 6) were obtained from the radical prostatectomy specimens of 7 men with clinically localized (T1c-2, N0, M0) adenocarcinoma of the prostate. These specimens were 1 cm in length and 1 mm x 1 mm in rectangular cross section. Specimens were first imaged using OCT and then embedded and stained in preparation for histopathologic evaluation. Co-registration of the images obtained using OCT and standard histopathologic evaluation provided the basis for comparison. RESULTS: Structural architecture on the order of 50 to 150 microm within benign glandular epithelium, fibroadipose tissue, and malignant glandular epithelium could be resolved to a depth of approximately 0.5 mm using OCT. CONCLUSIONS: Microscopic resolution is possible in human prostatic tissue using OCT. Further studies using this technique to improve the detection and staging of adenocarcinoma of the prostate are ongoing.     

Effect of TCDD on Maternal Toxicity and Chorionic Gonadotropin——Bioactivity in the Immediate Post-implantation Period of Macaque

The pupose of this experiment was to observe the alterations in bioactivity of chorionic gonadotropin(CG) associated with early fetal loss(EFL).induced by the environmental toxin TCDD(1,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) in the cynomolgus macaque.Ten of twelve females administered single doses of 1,2,or 4ug/kg TCDD on gestational day(GD) 12 had EFL from ten to twenty days later,Seven control animals treated only with the vehicle had normal pregnancies,Blood samples were repeatedly collected for hormone evaluation,from two days befor treatment to thirty-one days following treatment.Immunoreasctive monkey chorionic gonadotropin(mCG) was measured in serum using ELISA,and bioactive mCG was measured using a luminescence LH/CG bioassay.No change in immunoreactive mCG levels was detected as a result of TCDD,treatment,but bioactive mCG levels were significantly lower in TCDD-treated animals compared to controls.This change in bioactivity of mCG was also reflected in the ratio of mCG bioactivity to mCG immunoreactivity(B/I ratio) which began to rise in normal pregnancies by GD20,but did not rise in TCDD treated animals,These results demonstrate that normal pregnancy in the monkey,as in humans,is characterized by a post-implantation change in the B/I ratio of CG.These findings therefore suggest that changes in the production of bioactive CG may be used as a biomarker of environmental toxicant exposures which lead to EFL.     

弹性蛋白酶损伤肺致炎的地鼠血清中一氧化氮和肿瘤坏死 …

目的 观察由弹性蛋白酶损伤肺致炎的地鼠血清中一氧化氮（ＮＯ）和肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ－α）的动态变化,并初步探讨两者在炎症中的作用。方法 建立弹性蛋白酶损伤肺致炎金黄地鼠模型,用组化和免疫组化方法检测气道上皮细胞和肺内单核巨噬细胞一氧化氮合酶活性,测定血清中ＮＯ和ＴＮＦ－α的动态变化。结果 弹性蛋白酶损伤肺致炎地鼠气道上皮细胞和肺内单核巨噬细胞ＮＯＳ活性明显加强,在炎症早期血清中ＮＯ和ＴＮＦ－α含量     

多种类型趋化性细胞因子在小鼠胸腺基质细胞系中的表达

目的分析趋化性细胞因子 SDF- 1α、 IP- 10、 KC、 MCP- 1和 RANTES在小鼠胸腺基质细胞系 MTEC1、 MTDC、 D2SC、 MTECB、 TEC 1C8、 TNC及原代培养胸腺基质细胞的半定量表达情况,并检测重组的趋化性细胞因子纯品 SDF- 1α、 IP- 10、 MCP- 1和 RANTES对小鼠胸腺细胞的趋化活性。方法以β- actin为内对照,用 RT- PCR方法,对上述 5种趋化性细胞因子进行 30个循环 PCR扩增,用凝胶成像系统观察扩增结果 ,并对各电泳带进行积分光密度扫描分析。用 Boyden小室法检测重组趋化性细胞因子 SDF- 1α、 IP- 10、 MCP- 1和 RANTES对全胸腺细胞的趋化活性,并计算其趋化指数。结果 SDF- 1α、 IP- 10、 KC、 MCP- 1和 RANTES在被检测胸腺基质细胞系的表达谱不同,表达强度亦有差异。 SDF- 1α和 MCP- 1在 D2SC和 TEC 1C8中未出现可见扩增条带;在 TEC 1C8中也未见 KC的扩增条带。重组趋化性细胞因子 SDF- 1α、 IP- 10、 MCP- 1和 RANTES对胸腺细胞的趋化指数分别为 3.7、 4.5、 6.2和 2.6。结论不同的胸腺基质细胞系,其趋化性细胞因子的表达谱和表达强度不同, 4种重组趋化性细胞因子对胸腺细胞表现出不同的趋化活性。