缺碘和氟中毒对大鼠甲状腺的协同作用

实验用Wistar大鼠212只,按饮食中碘和氟含量不同随机分为五组,实验期为7个月。结果显示:摄碘正常的大鼠长期饮用30ppm氟水后引起甲状腺功能和形态的严重损害,而饮用10ppm氟水的大鼠仅见甲状腺滤泡上皮超微结构的轻度异常变化;单纯性缺碘大鼠甲状腺肿大并伴有代偿性功能变化,缺碘并饮用10ppm氟水的大鼠在其甲状腺肿大的同时伴有明显的形态结构损伤及甲状腺代偿功能抑制,甚至功能低下。     

凝血酶对大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞的影响

目的 :探讨凝血酶 (Thrombin ,TM )对脑微血管内皮的影响。方法 :将大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞进行培养 ,培养液中加入 10U的TM或10U的TM + 0 .4mU的组织蛋白酶G(CaspethsinG ,CATG ) ,相差显微镜动态观察内皮细胞形态的变化 ,免疫组织化学技术检测基质金属蛋白酶 2 (MatrixMetalloproteinase 2 ,MMP 2 )表达的改变。 结果 :TM使内皮细胞发生收缩 ,细胞收缩程度具有时间依赖性 ,使内皮细胞MMP 2表达水平明显增加。TM +CATG加入培养液后 ,细胞形态、MMP 2表达与对照组比较均无明显统计学差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :TM通过激活蛋白酶激活受体 1(proteaseactivatedreceptor 1,PAR 1) ,使内皮细胞发生收缩 ,促进MMP 2表达 ,是TM增加血脑屏障 (BloodBrainBarrier,BBB)通透性的可能机制。     

Synaptic contacts between serotonergic and cholinergic neurons in the rat dorsal raphe nucleus and laterodorsal tegmental nucleus

We examined synaptic connectivity between cholinergic and serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus and the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus of the rat. To this purpose we employed two variations (the combination of pre-embedding immunogold-silver intensification with avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique and the combination of avidin-biotin-peroxidase/3, 3'-diaminobenzidine/silver-gold intensification with avidin-biotin-peroxidase/3,3'-diaminobenzidine reaction) of a double pre-embedding immunoelectron procedure, using primary antibodies against vesicular acetylcholine transporter and serotonin. At the light-microscopic level, serotonin-like immunoreactive neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus appeared as reddish black and vesicular acetylcholine transporter-like immunoreactive axon terminals were brown colored using a combination of pre-embedding immunogold-silver technique and avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique. Serotonin-like immunoreactive fibers projected to the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus. At the electron microscopy level, with both methods we observed in the dorsal raphe nucleus vesicular acetylcholine transporter-immunopositive axon terminals in synaptic contact with serotonin-like immunoreactive dendrites and, to a lesser degree, with serotonin-like immunoreactive cell bodies. These synapses usually were of the symmetrical type. Occasionally we noted, next to vesicular acetylcholine transporter-immunopositive axon terminals, also immunonegative terminals synapsing with the serotonin-like immunoreactive dendrites. In the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus we found serotonin-like immunoreactive axon terminals and immunonegative terminals forming synapses with vesicular acetylcholine transporter-immunoreactive dendrites. Most synapses formed by the serotonin-like immunopositive terminals were of the asymmetrical type.Our results suggest that serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus and cholinergic neurons in the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus may reciprocally influence each other by means of synaptic connectivity. Such connectivity may serve to regulate pain sensation, or be involved in the regulation of the sleeping-waking cycle.     

Recurrent chromosome changes in 62 primary gastric carcinomas detected by comparative genomic hybridization

Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) has been applied to detect recurrent chromosome alterations in 62 primary gastric carcinomas. Several nonrandom chromosomal changes, including gains of 8q (31 cases, 50%), 20q (29 cases, 47%) with a minimum gain region at 20q11. 2-q12, 13q (21 cases, 34%) with a minimum gain region at 13q22, and 3q (19 cases, 31%) were commonly observed. The regions most frequently lost included: 19p (23 cases, 37%), 17p (21 cases, 33%), and 1p (14 cases, 23%). High copy number gain (DNA sequence amplification) was detected in 6 cases. Amplification of 8q23-q24.2 and 20q11.2-q12 were observed in 3 cases. Gain of 20q and loss of 19p were confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization using corresponding bacterial artificial chromosomes (BAC) clones from those regions. The gain and loss of chromosomal regions identified in this study provide candidate regions involved in gastric tumorigenesis.     

Association of genetic polymorphism in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene with endometrial hypoplasia in infertile women

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) polymorphisms and endometrial hypoplasia in infertile women. METHODS: The study was conducted in 105 primary infertile patients with endometrial hypoplasia diagnosed by pathology and the thickness of endometrium by B-mode ultrasound and 85 controls who were not pregnant and had normal fertility. The -675 4G/5G polymorphism in the PAI-1 gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymerphim analysis. RESULTS: The frequencies of 4G/4G genotype and 4G allele of the PAI-1 gene were higher in the patient group (48.6% and 66.2%) than in the normal controls (22.4% and 47.1%) (P < 0.01). ThePAI-1 4G/4G genotype was significantly associated with endometrial hypoplasia in the infertile patients (OR=4.9, 95% CI: 2.10-10.12). CONCLUSION: The present findings suggest that the 4G/5G polymorphism of the PAI-1 gene was associated with endometrial hypoplasia in infertile patients.     

Pentoxifylline attenuates the development of hyperalgesia in a rat model of neuropathic pain

Pentoxifylline, a non-specific cytokine inhibitor, has shown to be beneficial in inflammatory pain in both experimental and clinical studies. The present study demonstrates for the first time, to our knowledge, the antihyperalgesic effect of pentoxifylline in the neuropathic pain using L5 spinal nerve transection rat model. In a preventive paradigm, pentoxifylline (12.5, 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally) was administered systemically daily, beginning 1 h prior to nerve transection. Pentoxifylline (50, or 100 mg/kg i.p.) produced significant decrease in the mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. However, pentoxifylline (100 mg/kg i.p.) did not influence the paw pressure thresholds and paw withdrawal latency in sham-operated rats. In order to understand the possible antinocicieptive effect of pentoxifylline in neuropathic pain, we examined the level of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 protein in the contralateral brain on day 7 post-transection. Pentoxifylline administration resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of the production of proinflammatory cytokines like TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6, and enhancement of IL-10. Furthermore, we investigated the activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in the contralateral brain on days 7 after surgery. In accordance with the change of proinflammatory cytokines, Pentoxifylline (50 or 100 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the activation of NF-κB in the brain. This research supports a growing body of literature emphasizing the importance of neuroinflammation and neuroimmune activation in the development of neuropathic pain states, and the potential preventive value of pentoxifylline in the treatment of neuropathic pain.     

Gender differences in late positive components evoked by human faces

Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded in male and female participants in response to 32 male and 32 female faces. Participants were instructed to simply look carefully at each face; after ERP collection they were asked to rate each face on a 5-point attractiveness scale. A positive correlation between average rating and average P300 scores to opposite sex faces was observed in male (r = .40) and in preovulatory (r = .41) and postovulatory (r = .44) female subjects. Correlations to same sex faces were only found in postovulatory females (r = .61). Male participants showed a much larger average P300 than did female participants, and the P300 evoked in female participants was unexpectedly larger to female than to male faces. Neither task relevance nor stimulus probability is a plausible explanations for these findings because they were experimentally controlled. These results support the emotional value hypothesis, according to which classical P300 processes reflect an affective evaluation of the stimulus, which in turn produces context updating.     

医疗用超硬质热塑性聚氨酯TPU的抗肿瘤药物溶剂耐受性研究

研究四种类型热塑性聚合物的6种常见医用输液接头材料对抗肿瘤药物溶剂的耐受性。将这些材料的标准测试样条固定在弯曲应变为1.5%的自制夹具上,分别浸泡在Etoposide?药物溶剂、Busulflex?药物溶剂或DMSO(以50%为例)等3种抗肿瘤药物溶剂,然后观察试样的外观,测试试样的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和缺口冲击强度等性能的变化情况,采用定量化的评分,对6种材料的抗肿瘤药物溶剂的耐受性进行了评价。结果表明,两款超硬质热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)材料对三种抗肿瘤药物溶剂的耐受性均优于其他4种评价的材料,为接触抗肿瘤药物类的医疗器械产品的较优选择,比如PICC,CVC,输液器等。     

酮咯酸氨丁三醇滴眼地兔眼部炎症作用的研究

目的：研究酮咯酸氨丁三醇滴眼液（KTOS）对家兔化学性及外伤性眼部炎症的作用。方法：用巴豆油致炎液经角膜注入眼前房法制备兔眼部急性化学炎症模型;用重物击打眼睑法制备兔眼部急性外伤性炎症模型。将致炎后的动物随机分组给药,并参照眼部炎症评判标准进行评分统计。结果：各KTOS剂量组对外伤性和化学性眼部炎症作用的评分均低于生理盐水组;小剂量KTOS虽有作用,但无统计学意义（P＞0．05）,而中、大剂量KTOS均有明显改善外伤性和化学性眼部炎症的作用（P＜0．05,P＜0．01）;其中对化学性眼部炎症的作用与地塞米松作用相似,对外伤性眼部炎症的作用优于地塞米松。结论：KTOS对外伤性和化学性眼部炎症均有明显的抗炎作用,对外伤性眼部炎症的抗炎作用更强。