三叶因子2在大鼠下颌下腺的表达及性差

目的:探讨三叶因子2(TFF2)在大鼠下颌下腺的定位及其在不同性别中的表达差异.方法:对大鼠下颌下腺进行TFF2免疫组织化学显色和RT-PCR检测TFF2mRNA表达.结果:TFF2免疫反应阳性物质主要位于闰管、纹状管和小叶间导管上皮细胞胞质,特别是近管腔面更多,纹状管和小叶间导管管腔内亦有阳性物质分布;颗粒区管的少颗粒暗细胞或无颗粒细胞强阳性;多颗粒细胞弱阳性或阴性.雄性大鼠的下颌下腺表达TFF2mRNA明显多于雌性.结论:TFF2主要分布在下颌下腺导管的上皮细胞,以雄性丰富,且主要以腔分泌方式发挥作用.     

Hemifacial spasm patient with ipsilateral total absence of common carotid artery, vertebral artery and aneurysm of the contralateral internal carotid artery

We present a case of a 45-year-old male patient with left hemifacial spasm for 6 years. Magnetic resonance tomographic angiography confirmed that there were small vessels adjacent to the left facial nerve root entry zone, but the left internal carotid artery (ICA) was absent. Magnetic resonance angiography using three-dimensional time of flight technique showed the absence of the left ICA and vertebral artery, But the presence of a 6-mm aneurysm in the bifurcation of the right internal carotid artery. These abnormal arterial structures were further confirmed by angiogram. Aortic arch angiogram revealed a right-sided aortic arch and the Subclavian steal phenomenon. The left common carotid artery and the left Subclavian artery were absent. Right vertebral angiography showed retrograde filling of the left vertebral artery. The left upper limb was fed by this artery. The aneurysm was successfully clipped. Post-operatively, the hemifacial spasm was weakened. However, the operation did not change the neurovascular positional relationship, thus we advised follow-up visits. Cerebral artery anomalies should be taken into consideration when performing imaging and surgical corrections in patients with hemifacial spasm.     

Overexpression of S100A4 is closely related to the aggressiveness of gastric cancer

Elevated levels of the calcium-binding protein S100A4 cause metastasis of benign rat mammary tumor cells. To investigate whether S100A4 plays an important role in the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancers, we examined the gene mutations in the coding regions and expression patterns of the S100A4 in gastric adenocarcinoma in Korea. Moderate to strong expression of S100A4 was found in 53 (68.8%) of the 77 gastric adenocarcinomas, whilst normal gastric epithelium either failed to stain or showed weak staining. Interestingly, S100A4 expression was more frequently observed in gastric cancer patients with advanced gastric cancer (p=0.039), positive lymph node metastasis (p=0.001), and peritoneal dissemination (p=0.022). No gene mutations were found in the analyzed genomic area in 77 gastric adenocarcinomas and 15 gastric cancer cell lines. We found one single nucleotide polymorphism without an amino acid change, A99G, in two cases. These data suggest that the overexpression of S100A4 may be closely related to the aggressiveness of gastric cancer in Korea.     

盐酸吡硫醇静滴致严重静脉炎10例

目的 了解盐酸吡硫醇注射液引起的药物不良反应。方法 收集本院2002年1-3月间急诊留观室和住院10例,患者均因脑外伤而应用盐酸吡硫醇静滴治疗。结果 10例患者分别对盐酸吡硫醇静滴6天后均出现严重静脉炎。结论 盐酸吡硫醇静滴后产生严重静脉炎较少见,故请临床医生加以重视。     

免疫介导脊髓前、后角损伤的对比

目的:探讨实验性自身免疫性灰质病作为肌萎缩侧索硬化(ALS)研究模型的可行性.方法:通过免疫组织化学方法,观察实验性自身免疫性脊髓灰质病过程中脊髓前、后角神经元损伤的特征.结果:神经丝轻链(NF-L)、细胞周期素依赖蛋白激酶5(CDK5)及其激活因子P35/P25抗体阳性的脊髓前角运动神经元数量与对照组相比均明显减少,而脊髓后角阳性的神经元数量与对照组相比差异无统计学意义.结论:在实验性自身免疫性灰质病发病过程中,存在脊髓前角运动神经元相对易感性,实验性自身免疫性灰质病模型在某种程度上可以作为ALS研究模型.     

HLA-B27 polymorphism in patients with juvenile and adult-onset ankylosing spondylitis in Southern China

Abstract
Distribution of B27 subtypes in juvenile and adult-onset ankylosing spondylitis (JAS and AAS) in Southern China was studied. A total of 505 patients belonged to Han population were included (145 JAS and 360 AAS patients), and 1368 healthy individuals were included as controls. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 typing was performed by Luminex liquid array combining polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific oligonucleotide probe (PCR-SSOP) and/or serological method. HLA-B27 subtyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP). The sequence-based typing was performed for the B*2715 samples to verify the PCR-SSP results. HLA-B27 was presented in 453 of 505 patients (89.7%), compared with 74 of 1368 controls (5.41%). B*2704 subtype in AS group was significantly higher than controls and B*2705 subtype significantly lower. B*2715 and B*2702 were found in 1.32% and 0.66% of the B27-positive patients but none in controls, and there was no significant difference between either of them and controls. B27-positive patients were 134 (92.4%) in JAS group and 319 (88.6%) in AAS group. There was no significant difference for B27 subtypes distribution between JAS (B*2704, 05, 15) and AAS (B*2704, 05, 15, 02) groups. The frequency of B*2715 in two groups was 3 (2.24%) and 3 (0.94%), respectively. The onset age of three JAS patients carrying B*2715 was 5, 9 and 13 years old, respectively. Our results suggested that B*2704 was the predominant subtype in AS patients in Southern China. B*2715 was observed in AS group only and slightly more in JAS than in AAS, and the patients carrying this allele tended to have early onset, B*2715 may be disease-association subtype.     

CD44v6和E-cadherin表达与结直肠癌浸润转移关系

目的　探讨CD44v6和E cadherin(E cad)蛋白表达与结直肠癌浸润转移的相关性。方法　应用免疫组织化学技术 ,检测 90例结直肠癌组织中CD44v6和E cad蛋白表达。结果　 90例结直肠癌中CD44v6和E cad蛋白阳性表达率分别为75 6 %和 46 7%。CD44v6高表达及E cad低表达与结直肠癌Dukes分期、浆膜浸润、淋巴结转移、肝脏转移均呈正相关 (P <0 0 5 )。结直肠癌中CD44v6表达与E cad表达呈负相关 (r =- 0 4 3,P <0 0 0 5 )。结论　CD44v6和E cad表达与结直肠癌浸润转移密切相关。检测CD44v6和E cad蛋白表达可作为判断结直肠癌预后的客观指标。     

Long-term regulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits and associated synaptic proteins following hippocampal synaptic plasticity

Synaptic plasticity in the dentate gyrus is dependent on activation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-subtype of glutamate receptors. In this study, we show that synaptic plasticity in turn regulates NMDA receptors, since subunits of the NMDA receptor complex are bidirectionally and independently regulated in the dentate gyrus following activation of perforant synapses in awake animals. Low-frequency stimulation that produced a mild synaptic depression resulted in a decrease in the NMDA receptor subunits NR1 and NR2B 48 h following stimulation. High-frequency stimulation that produced long-term potentiation resulted in an increase in NR1 and NR2B at the same time point. Further investigations revealed that in contrast to NR2B, NR1 levels increased gradually after long-term potentiation induction, reaching a peak level at 48 h, and were insensitive to the competitive NMDA receptor antagonist 3-3(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl) propyl-1-phosphate. The increased levels of NR1 and NR2B at 48 h were found associated with synaptic membranes and with increased NMDA receptor-associated proteins, postsynaptic density protein 95, neuronal nitric oxide synthase and Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, alpha subunit. These data suggest that the persistence of long-term potentiation is associated with an increase in the number of NMDA receptor complexes, which may be indicative of an increase in synaptic contact area.     

基于互信息的医学图像配准实验

基于互信息的配准方法，包括互信息和归一化互信息方法，是目前医学图像配准中无创、自动且精度很高的一种方法。已经被广泛应用。但是在其目标函数中存在着一定程度的幅值振荡现象。特别是在单模态图像配准中。我们研究发现，产生这种振荡的原因除了插值赝像外，还有由配准过程中图像重叠部分发生变化而引起的熵的变化不确定性。由插值赝像所带来的振荡基本上可以被消除掉；由熵的变化不确定性所带来的振荡很难被消除，但是这种振荡作用在归一化互信息中影响不大。归一化互信息比互信息具有更高的稳健性，适合于更广的应用范围。     

Immunological efficacy of a three-dose schedule of hepatitis A vaccine in HIV-infected adults: HEPAVAC study

BACKGROUND: The immunogenicity of vaccines, including vaccine against hepatitis A virus (HAV), is impaired in patients with HIV infection, requiring revised immunization regimens. METHODS: We evaluated the immunological efficacy and safety of a 3-dose schedule of hepatitis A vaccine in HIV-infected adults. HAV-seronegative HIV-infected adults were randomized to receive either 3 doses of 1440 UI of hepatitis A vaccine (HAVRIX; GlaxoSmithKline, Marly le Roi, France) at weeks 0, 4, and 24 (46 patients) or 2 doses 24 weeks apart (49 patients). RESULTS: At week 28, seroconversion, defined as an anti-HAV antibody >or=20 mIU/mL, occurred in 82.6% and 69.4% of patients in the 3-dose and the 2-dose group, respectively (P = 0.13, intent-to-treat analysis, missing data = nonresponder), and in 88.4% and 72.3% of patients in the 3-dose and the 2-dose group, respectively (P = 0.06, observed analysis). Only 37.9% of patients experienced seroconversion after 1 vaccine dose (intent-to-treat analysis). Anti-HAV antibody geometric mean titers were 323 and 132 mIU/mL in the 3-dose group and 138 and 67 mIU/mL in the 2-dose group, respectively, 28 (P = 0.03) and 72 weeks (P = 0.05) after the first vaccine dose. There were no serious adverse events associated with the vaccine. Multivariate analysis showed no treatment group effect but indicated that absence of tobacco smoking (odds ratio = 2.92, 95% confidence interval: 1.07 to 7.97; P = 0.04) was an independent predictor of response to HAV vaccine. CONCLUSIONS: In HIV-infected adults, immunogenicity of hepatitis A vaccine is poor. Three doses of vaccine were safe and increased antibody titers.