头侧入路的内镜下全腹膜外疝修补术治疗原发性腹壁疝的临床研究

目的探讨治疗原发性腹壁疝的微创新方法——头侧入路的内镜下全腹膜外疝修补术（TEA）的临床效果。 方法回顾性分析2019年11月至2020年1月,南方医科大学附属何贤纪念医院患者2例,河南中医药大学第一附属医院患者1例,河南省商丘市睢县中医院患者2例,郑州市第七人民医院患者1例,共6例接受头侧入路的TEA手术的原发性脐疝患者的临床资料。阐述手术操作流程及技术细节,分析其可行性和有效性。 结果6例患者术中均成功分离中上腹腹膜外空间并置入大张网片加强修复脐疝缺损,手术均获得成功,无中转开放手术。平均手术时间164 min（120～240 min）。术后伤口疼痛较轻,且术后第1天平均疼痛视觉模拟评分2.2分（2～3分）。术后平均住院时间2.2 d（2～3 d）。术后1例出现脐部少量血清肿,观察后自愈,未影响手术效果。术后随访时间6～15周,未发现复发患者。 结论头侧入路的TEA术式是安全可行的,可作为治疗中线原发性腹壁疝的一个选择,同时也是对TEA术式的一个补充。此术式扩大了TEA技术的适应证,避免了腹腔内置片修补术的弊端,值得向经验丰富的腔镜疝外科医师有限度推广。     

肝细胞肝癌的发病机制与治疗进展

全球肝细胞肝癌(HCC)的疾病负担正逐年增加。根据临床和组织病理特征,HCC可分为增生型和非增生型2类。HCC的发生发展与遗传和表观遗传改变密切相关,然而其发病机制尚不明确。CT/MRI是临床上常用的HCC影像学诊断方法。巴塞罗那临床肝癌分期系统是目前使用最为广泛的分期系统。HCC的治疗手段包括外科手术、肝移植、消融治疗、经动脉疗法和全身疗法。本文将着重阐述HCC发病机制和治疗方面的研究进展。     

Hypoxia-induced lncRNA CASC9 enhances glycolysis and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of pancreatic cancer by a positive feedback loop with AKT/HIF-1α signaling

Increasing evidence indicates the dysregulations and pivotal roles of lncRNAs in the development and progression of various cancers, including pancreatic cancer. Enhanced glycolytic flux and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) have been considered as important factors in driving the malignance of pancreatic cancer. Here, we sought to evaluate the biological role and involved mechanism of lncRNA CASC9 (CASC9) in pancreatic cancer. Our present study showed that CASC9 was upregulated in various pancreatic cancer cell lines. Loss- and gain-of function of CASC9 demonstrated its critical roles in promoting the glycolysis and EMT phenotypes of pancreatic cancer. Moreover, knockdown of CASC9 inhibited the tumorigenicity and metastasis in vivo. Additionally, our findings showed that hypoxia induced the expression of CASC9 and enhanced the binding of HIF-1α to its promoter. We also demonstrated that the positive feedback loop of CASC9 and the AKT/HIF-1α signaling cascade partially mediated this biological process. Altogether, our results suggest that CASC9 promotes the glycolysis and EMT of pancreatic cancer by a positive feedback loop with AKT/HIF-1α signaling, which is synergistically enhanced by the tumor hypoxic niche. Our study will provide potential therapeutic targets for treating pancreatic cancer.     

Standardized Pathology Report for Breast Cancer

Given the recent advances in management and understanding of breast cancer, a standardized pathology report reflecting these changes is critical. To meet this need, the Breast Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists has developed a standardized pathology reporting format for breast cancer, consisting of ‘standard data elements,’ ‘conditional data elements,’ and a biomarker report form. The ‘standard data elements’ consist of the basic pathologic features used for prognostication, while other factors related to prognosis or diagnosis are described in the ‘conditional data elements.’ In addition to standard data elements, all recommended issues are also presented. We expect that this standardized pathology report for breast cancer will improve diagnostic concordance and communication between pathologists and clinicians, as well as between pathologists inter-institutionally.     

Serial circulating tumor DNA identification associated with the efficacy and prognosis of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment - Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) provides a promising noninvasive alternative to evaluate the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) in breast cancer....     

A propensity score-matched comparison of recurrence outcomes after immediate implant vs autologous flap reconstruction in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment - We compared oncologic outcomes between breast cancer patients who underwent immediate implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) and those who underwent...     

Erk1/2 signalling is involved in the differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells to Schwann cells in dog

Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) show a multi-differentiation potential, however, the mechanism of its neural differentiation is still unclear. We aim to explore the potential role of Erk1/2 signalling pathway in the differentiation of PDLSCs to Schwann cells (SCs).     

Nitric oxide in human gingival crevicular fluid after orthodontic force application

Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in bone remodelling and has been shown to play a role in regulating the rate of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in rat models. In humans, however, the role of NO in OTM remains less clear. In this study, NO concentration in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was measured in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Thirteen male participants (ages 11–18 years) planned for non-extraction fixed orthodontic therapy were recruited. Samples of GCF were collected from each maxillary central incisor and first and second molar immediately before (T0), 1 h after (T1), and 3–4 days after (T2) application of light orthodontic forces. The maxillary second molars were not included in the appliance and served as controls. Measureable NO levels were consistently obtained from all sampled sites. Total NO levels showed significantly higher NO levels (p < 0.05) at T1 at the buccal surfaces of the central incisors when compared to the first and second molars. The results indicate a possible role for NO in OTM at the pressure sites of incisors at early time points. Further studies are required to determine whether NO levels in the periodontal ligament tissues of human teeth during OTM are affected by a force gradient and the magnitude of the applied force.