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991.
We compared conventional bronchoscopic transbronchial biopsy (TBB) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) with non-bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage (NB-BAL) in nine patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and bilateral lung infiltrates. NB-BAL was carried out with a control-tipped reusable catheter. In each patient, bronchoscopic procedures were performed in the right lung, followed immediately by NB-BAL in the left lung. The specimens obtained by NB-BAL confirmed the presence of P carinii pneumonia in seven of eight patients in whom the diagnosis was established by TBB or BAL. Viral cultures of NB-BAL specimens yielded cytomegalovirus (CMV) in four of five subjects with evidence of CMV via bronchoscopic technique, including two instances in which CMV was not detected by BAL. Complications were limited to right-sided pneumothorax attributable to TBB. Accuracy of NB-BAL appears to be comparable to that of conventional bronchoscopic approaches in the diagnosis of AIDS-related pulmonary infection with P carinii or CMV. NB-BAL may be a safer and more economical alternative to TBB and BAL in the diagnosis of pulmonary opportunistic infections. 相似文献
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Paul S. Nabity PhD Carlos A. Jaramillo MD PhD Patricia A. Resick PhD Cindy A. McGeary PhD Blessen C. Eapen MD Casey L. Straud PsyD Willie J. Hale PhD Timothy T. Houle PhD Brett T. Litz PhD Jim Mintz PhD Donald B. Penzien PhD Stacey Young-McCaughan RN PhD Terence M. Keane PhD Alan L. Peterson PhD Donald D. McGeary PhD Consortium to Alleviate PTSD 《Headache》2021,61(9):1334-1341
994.
Colin J. Mahoney Ian B. Malone Gerard R. Ridgway Aisling H. Buckley Laura E. Downey Hannah L. Golden Natalie S. Ryan Sebastien Ourselin Jonathan M. Schott Martin N. Rossor Nick C. Fox Jason D. Warren 《Neurobiology of aging》2013
The primary progressive aphasias (PPA) are a heterogeneous group of language-led neurodegenerative diseases resulting from large-scale brain network degeneration. White matter (WM) pathways bind networks together, and might therefore hold information about PPA pathogenesis. Here we used diffusion tensor imaging and tract-based spatial statistics to compare WM tract changes between PPA syndromes and with respect to Alzheimer's disease and healthy controls in 33 patients with PPA (13 nonfluent/agrammatic PPA); 10 logopenic variant PPA; and 10 semantic variant PPA. Nonfluent/agrammatic PPA was associated with predominantly left-sided and anterior tract alterations including uncinate fasciculus (UF) and subcortical projections; semantic variant PPA with bilateral alterations in inferior longitudinal fasciculus and UF; and logopenic variant PPA with bilateral but predominantly left-sided alterations in inferior longitudinal fasciculus, UF, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and subcortical projections. Tract alterations were more extensive than gray matter alterations, and the extent of alteration across tracts and PPA syndromes varied between diffusivity metrics. These WM signatures of PPA syndromes illustrate the selective vulnerability of brain language networks in these diseases and might have some pathologic specificity. 相似文献
995.
Characteristics Associated with Racial Disparities in Illness Beliefs of Patients with Heart Failure
Nancy M. Albert PhD MSN RN Kathleen Trochelman MSN RN Kathryn H. Meyer MS Benjamin Nutter MS 《Behavioral medicine (Washington, D.C.)》2013,39(4):112-125
African Americans have greater misperceptions about heart failure (HF) than Caucasians. We examined socioeconomic and medical history factors to determine if they explain differences in accuracy of HF illness beliefs by race. 519 patients completed an illness beliefs and socioeconomic status survey. After establishing univariate associations by race, linear regression with backward selection was used to identify factors associated with HF illness beliefs accuracy. HF illness beliefs were less accurate among African Americans (p < .01). In multivariate models, race remained a predictor of HF illness beliefs accuracy, as did education level and living status (all ps ≤ .01). Illness beliefs of African Americans were inaccurate and independently associated with social support and education level. Health care providers must consider patient education processes as a possible cause of differences and focus on what and how they teach, literacy level, materials used, and family engagement and education. 相似文献
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