Formation Behaviors of Coated Reactive Explosively Formed Projectile

The formation behavior of coated reactive explosively formed projectiles (EFP) is studied by the combination of experiments and simulations. The results show that the coated EFP can be obtained by explosively crushing the double-layer liners, and the simulation agrees with the experiment well. Then, the interaction process between the two liners is discussed in detail, and the formation and coating mechanism are revealed. It can be found that there are three phases in the formation process, including the impact, closing and stretching phases. During the impact phase, the velocities of two liners rise in turns with the kinetic energy exchange. In the closing phase, the copper liner is collapsed forward to the axis and completely coats the reactive liner. It is mentioned that the edge of the copper liner begins to form a metal precursor penetrator in this stage. During the stretching phase, the coated reactive EFP is further stretched and fractured, resulting in the separation of the metal precursor penetrator and the following coated reactive projectile. Further studies show both the edge thickness and the curvature radius of the copper liner have significant influences on formation behaviors. By decreasing the edge thickness or the curvature radius, the difficulty of closing decreases, but the tip velocity and the length of precursor penetrator increases. As the thickness and diameter of the reactive liner decrease, the coating velocity increases slightly, but the total length of coated reactive EFP tends to decrease.     

Features of gut microbiota in patients with anorexia nervosa

Background:Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychological disorder, which is characterized by the misunderstanding of body image, food restriction, and low body weight. An increasing number of studies have reported that the pathophysiological mechanism of AN might be associated with the dysbiosis of gut microbiota. The purpose of our study was to explore the features of gut microbiota in patients with AN, hoping to provide valuable information on its pathogenesis and treatment.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, from August 2020 to June 2021, patients with AN who were admitted into Peking University Third Hospital and Peking University Sixth Hospital (n = 30) were recruited as the AN group, and healthy controls (HC) were recruited from a middle school and a university in Beijing (n = 30). Demographic data, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) scores of the two groups, and length of stay of the AN group were recorded. Microbial diversity analysis of gut microbiota in stool samples from the two groups was analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing.Results:The weight (AN vs. HC, [39.31 ± 7.90] kg vs. [56.47 ± 8.88] kg, P < 0.001) and body mass index (BMI, AN vs. HC, [14.92 ± 2.54] kg/m²vs. [20.89 ± 2.14] kg/m², P < 0.001) of patients with AN were statistically significantly lower than those of HC, and HAMD scores in AN group were statistically significantly higher than those of HC. For alpha diversity, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups; for beta diversity, the two groups differed obviously regarding community composition. Compared to HC, the proportion of Lachnospiraceae in patients with AN was statistically significantly higher (AN vs. HC, 40.50% vs. 31.21%, Z = −1.981, P = 0.048), while that of Ruminococcaceae was lower (AN vs. HC, 12.17% vs. 19.15%, Z = −2.728, P = 0.007); the proportion of Faecalibacterium (AN vs. HC, 3.97% vs. 9.40%, Z = −3.638, P < 0.001) and Subdoligranulum (AN vs. HC, 4.60% vs. 7.02%, Z = −2.369, P = 0.018) were statistically significantly lower, while that of Eubacterium_hallii_group was significantly higher (AN vs. HC, 7.63% vs. 3.43%, Z = −2.115, P = 0.035). Linear discriminant effect (LEfSe) analysis (LDA score >3.5) showed that o_Lachnospirales, f_Lachnospiraceae, and g_Eubacterium_hallii_group (o, f and g represents order, family and genus respectively) were enriched in patients with AN. Microbial function of nutrient transport and metabolism in AN group were more abundant (P > 0.05). In AN group, weight and BMI were significantly negatively correlated with the abundance of Bacteroidota and Bacteroides, while positively correlated with Subdoligranulum. BMI was significantly positively correlated with Firmicutes; HAMD scores were significantly negatively correlated with Faecalibacterium.Conclusions:The composition of gut microbiota in patients with AN was different from that of healthy people. Clinical indicators have correlations with the abundance of gut microbiota in patients with AN.     

Effect of administration of low‐dose irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide combined with levamlodipine at different times on the circadian rhythm of blood pressure and the levels of MMPs and TIMPs in non‐dipper patients with grade 1 and 2 hypertension

This study aimed to probe the effects of low‐dose irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide in combination with levamlodipine at different times on the circadian rhythm of blood pressure, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) levels in patients with non‐dipper hypertension (NDH). In this prospective randomized controlled trial, 124 patients with NDH who visited our hospital between August 2018 and July 2021 were enrolled and divided into morning (62 patients) and night (62 patients) medication groups according to the random number table method. All patients received low‐dose irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide combined with levamlodipine, with the morning medication group taking the medication between 7:00 and 10:00 and the night medication group taking the medication between 19:00 and 22:00 for 24 weeks. The effect of antihypertensive medication in both groups was measured, and changes in ambulatory blood pressure, blood pressure circadian rhythm, left ventricular structure, vascular endothelial function, MMPs, and TIMPs levels were observed before treatment initiation and after 24 weeks of treatment in both groups. The percentage of the dipper type was higher in the night medication group than in the morning medication group, while the percentage of the non‐dipper type was lower in the morning medication group (p < .05). Low‐dose irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide combined with levamlodipine at different times can effectively treat NDH, but bedtime dosing is more beneficial in reducing nocturnal blood pressure, reversing NDH, improving the circadian rhythm of blood pressure, left ventricular structure, regulating vascular endothelial function, increasing MMPs levels, and reducing TIMP levels.     

Flumatinib plus venetoclax as an effective therapy for Philadelphia chromosome‐positive acute myeloid leukemia: A case report

Philadelphia chromosome‐positive acute myeloid leukemia (Ph + AML) is a rare type of AML with a low survival rate and poor prognosis. We first report a Ph + AML patient who remained in long‐term remission after the combination of flumatinib and venetoclax, which could provide corresponding treatment ideas for clinical practice.     

Positron emission tomographic studies of the association between atherogenesis and aortitis among psoriatic patients

IntroductionThere is increased interest in the use of positron emission tomography (PET) in psoriatic patients. We used PET induced with tracer fluorine-18 (¹⁸F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) to study the association between the process of early-atherogenesis (eAg) and aortitis by quantifying enhanced aortic vascular inflammation along with calculation of total coronary plaque load (TCPL) and non-calcified atherosclerotic plaque load (NcAPL). In order to study the utility of aortitis in capturing eAg, we also assessed luminal stenosis atherosclerosis (LSA) and high-risk coronary plaques (HrCP).Material and methodsThe study was conducted at our hospital between 1 April 2014 and 31 December 2017, and the analysis was done in July 2018. We recruited 180 consecutive psoriatic patients and subjected them to ¹⁸F-FDG PET. However, in order to characterise eAg, 160 out of 180 patients were also subjected to coronary angiographic computed tomographic studies (CACTS).ResultsAmong 180 psoriatic patients (76 women, 42%) (mean [SD] age, 51.1 [13.2] years), greater prevalence values of LSA (odd ratio [OR], 3.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.84–7.89; p = 0.001) and HrCP (OR, 3.11; 95% CI: 1.54–6.51; p = 0.003) along with enhanced TCPL (standardised β = 0.44; p < 0.001) were observed in patients with enhanced aortitis. However, the association between aortitis and HrCP was controlled by low-attenuation plaque (LAP), while the same between aortitis and TCPL was controlled by NcAPL (β = 0.45; p < 0.001).ConclusionsAssociation between aortitis and broad coronary angiographic indices was achieved and hence predicted the possibility of a surrogate role of aortitis in eAg.     

髂内动脉钙化对肾移植受者移植物功能延迟恢复和近期预后的影响

目的  分析髂内动脉钙化与肾移植受者移植物功能延迟恢复（DGF）及近期预后的相关性。方法  回顾性分析222例肾移植受者的临床资料。依据肾功能恢复情况分为DGF组（50例）和移植物功能正常恢复（IGF）组（172例）,根据是否合并髂内动脉重度钙化将DGF组和IGF组分为DGF高危组（22例）、DGF低危组（28例）、IGF高危组（41例）以及IGF低危组（131例）。比较两组供受者临床资料,总结肾移植术后DGF及髂内动脉钙化发生情况,分析肾移植术后发生DGF的危险因素、髂内动脉钙化与临床指标的相关性以及DGF合并髂内动脉重度钙化受者近期预后。结果  本研究中DGF发生率为22.5%（50/222）。肾移植受者中28.4%（63/222）合并髂内动脉重度钙化,DGF组中44%（22/50）合并髂内动脉重度钙化,高于IGF组中的23.8%（41/172）（P < 0.05）。单因素分析结果显示供者终末血清肌酐（Scr）高、男性供者,受者甘油三酯水平高和髂内动脉重度钙化是肾移植术后发生DGF的危险因素（均为P < 0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析显示供者Scr≥143 μmol/L及受者髂内动脉重度钙化是肾移植术后发生DGF的独立危险因素（均为P < 0.05）。相关性分析结果显示髂内动脉钙化与受者年龄和肾动脉吻合方式均呈弱相关（均为P < 0.05）。DGF组受者术后1个月的Scr高于IGF组,估算肾小球滤过率（eGFR）低于IGF组（均为P < 0.05）;DGF高危组受者术后12个月的eGFR低于DGF低危组、IGF高危组以及IGF低危组（均为P < 0.05）。结论  髂内动脉钙化不仅是影响移植肾功能恢复的危险因素,也对移植肾功能的近期预后造成不良影响。     

The comparison between experimental nursing and routine nursing interventions on the quality of life of stoma patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

The advance in nursing care for stoma patients is a challenging issue, which will influence the life quality. The quality of life is a major issue in the recovery of stoma patients. The evidence of experimental nursing has not been explored enough. A systematic search and a meta‐analysis were performed for the studies of experimental nursing interventions versus routine warming interventions on patients with a stoma. The comparisons between nursing interventions were performed to find which kind of intervention will be superior in improving life quality. After a restricted selection, 10 studies, 460 subjects with experimental nursing intervention, and 478 controls with the routine nursing intervention were enrolled in a variety of causes of the stoma. The focused outcome was the quality of life. The meta‐analysis was performed by Review Manager 5.4. Among the stoma patients, the meta‐analysis favours the experimental nursing intervention group with higher scores of life quality when compared to the routine nursing intervention group. The meta‐analysis results were with positive mean differences, significant tests for overall effect, and significant heterogeneities in the random‐effects model. The experimental nursing intervention showed higher positive effects on the quality of life when compared to routine nursing intervention for stoma patients. Experimental nursing intervention might be an option for stoma nursing practitioners to improve stoma care.     

胰腺癌CT临床分析(附31例报告)

对31例胰腺癌和其它胰腺病变术前CT误诊和漏诊病例进行回顾性分析。结果误诊25例，其误诊率为44．0％（11／25）。主要原因：一是CT表现不典型；二是对某些CT征象认识不足以及分析欠全面。漏诊6例，主要为胰头部直径≤3cm的小胰头癌。通过对误诊、漏诊原因的分析，作者认为，改进检查技术，如采用薄层连续动态CT扫描，结合临床资料对CT征象作全面分析及综合多种影像学方法优势，可减少误诊、温沙机率。     

氨甲环酸在开胸手术中的应用

目的评价氨甲环酸在开胸手术中的止血作用和对开胸手术围术期凝血纤溶功能的影响。方法选择因罹患肺或食管肿瘤的开胸手术患者40例,随机分为两组:氨甲环酸组(A组,n=20)在麻醉诱导后切皮前静脉滴注10mg/kg氨甲环酸,术中持续泵注1mg.kg-1.h-1至术毕;对照组(B组,n=20)持续泵注生理盐水。分别于术前,术中3h,术后第1天和第3天抽取中心静脉血检测血栓弹力图(TEG),凝血常规,包括凝血酶原时间(PT),部分活化凝血酶时间(APTT)和纤维蛋白原(Fib)含量,及血浆D-二聚体含量,并记录术中出血量和术后24h胸腔引流量。结果T组术中、术后CI均明显高于对照组,术后LY30显著低于对照组(P<0.05);T组术中和术后D-二聚体含量均明显低于C组(P<0.01);T组术中出血量和术后24h胸腔引流量明显少于C组(P<0.01)。结论氨甲环酸抑制了纤溶活性的增强,改善了开胸手术后早期的低凝状态,显著减少了开胸手术围术期的血液丢失。     

Hypertrophic preconditioning attenuates post-myocardial infarction injury through deacetylation of isocitrate dehydrogenase 2

Ischemic preconditioning induced by brief periods of coronary occlusion and reperfusion protects the heart from a subsequent prolonged ischemic insult.In this s...