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101.
Characterization of human platelet glycoprotein antigens giving rise to individual immunoprecipitates in crossed-immunoelectrophoresis 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Washed human platelets were labeled with 125I by the lactoperoxidase- catalyzed method and solubilized in 1% Triton X-100. The soluble proteins were analyzed by crossed-immunoelectrophoresis in 1% agarose, employing a rabbit antibody raised against whole human platelets. Analysis of autoradiograms developed from dried agarose gels led to the establishment of a normal reference pattern that was consistent for platelets obtained from more than 50 normal individuals. Six platelet membrane glycoprotein antigens contained in four distinguishable precipitates were identified. Each identification was based on direct sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis of 125I-antigens contained in individually excised precipitates. These platelet antigens include major membrane glycoproteins previously designated la, lb, lla, llb, llla, and lllb. Glycoproteins llb and llla were shown to be contained in a single immunoprecipitate, while glycoproteins la and lla were routinely detected in a single different immunoprecipitate. Analysis of soluble proteins from platelets of five patients with Glanzmann's thrombasthenia demonstrated either a complete absence or a marked reduction of only one radiolabeled precipitate, that containing membrane glycoproteins llb and llla. Platelet samples from two patients with Bernard-Soulier syndrome were devoid of a different precipitate, that containing membrane glycoprotein lb. 相似文献
102.
HJ Ng M Yule M Twoon NR Binnie EH Aly 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2015,97(2):151-156
Introduction
Emergency large bowel surgery (ELBS) is known to carry an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have reported morbidity and mortality rates up to 14.3%. However, there has not been a recent study to document the outcomes of ELBS following several major changes in surgical training and provision of emergency surgery. The aim of this study was therefore to explore the current outcomes of ELBS.Methods
A retrospective review was performed of a prospectively maintained database of the clinical records of all patients who had ELBS between 2006 and 2013. Data pertaining to patient demographics, ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) grade, diagnosis, surgical procedure performed, grade of operating surgeon and assistant, length of hospital stay, postoperative complications and in-hospital mortality were analysed.Results
A total of 202 patients underwent ELBS during the study period. The mean patient age was 62 years and the most common cause was colonic carcinoma (n=67, 33%). There were 32 patients (15.8%) who presented with obstruction and 64 (31.7%) had bowel perforation. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 14.8% (n=30). A consultant surgeon was involved in 187 cases (92.6%) as either first operator, assistant or available in theatre.Conclusions
ELBS continues to carry a high risk despite several major changes in the provision of emergency surgery. Further developments are needed to improve postoperative outcomes in these patients. 相似文献103.
104.
105.
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107.
Effects of luteal phase administration of mifepristone (RU486) and prostaglandin analogue or inhibitor on endometrium in the rhesus monkey 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Early luteal phase administration of a potent anti-progestin like
mifepristone (RU486) inhibits blastocyst implantation and the establishment
of pregnancy without marked changes in menstrual cyclicity and ovarian
steroid hormone profiles; however, the underlying mechanism is not very
clear. In the present study, a hypothesis that prostaglandins (PG) are
involved in the anti-gestatory action of luteal phase mifepristone was
tested. Endometrial changes in rhesus monkeys were examined following
luteal phase administration of mifepristone, a prostaglandin synthesis
inhibitor (diclofenac) and a prostaglandin analogue (misoprostol) either
alone or in combination. Twenty-five monkeys were randomly assigned to six
groups: group 1 (n = 4), normal control group; group 2 (n = 4),
mifepristone (2 mg, daily, s.c.) treated group; group 3 (n = 4), diclofenac
(25 mg, daily, i.m.) treated group; group 4 (n = 4), misoprostol (100
microg, daily, oral) treated group; group 5 (n = 5), mifepristone and
diclofenac (same dosages as for groups 2 and 3) treated group; group 6 (n =
4), mifepristone and misoprostol (same dosages as for groups 2 and 4)
treated group. All treatments were given to monkeys on days 16-18 of mated
cycles and endometrial tissue samples were collected on day 20. With
diclofenac alone (group 3), marginal changes were observed in glandular,
stromal and vascular compartments, and there were few apoptotic bodies in
gland cells; partial inhibition and delay in implantation was earlier
reported. Significantly higher oestrogen receptor expression in glandular
epithelial cells as compared with all other treatment groups was found
after treatment with misoprostol alone (group 4) and was associated with
normal fecundity. The anti-nidatory action of luteal phase antiprogestin
treatment alone or in combination with diclofenac or misoprostol was
associated with altered endometrial histometric features characterized by
glandular apoptosis, regression in secretory functions, decreased oedema,
extravasation and a higher degree of stromal leukocytic infiltration. In
these three groups (groups 2, 5 and 6) receptors for oestrogen and
progesterone receptors were significantly higher in stromal cells, and
lower in vascular cells, while glandular cells showed significantly higher
progesterone receptors compared with the control group. The anti-nidatory
activity of mifepristone and associated endometrial changes could not be
accentuated or attenuated with co-administration of PGE or diclofenac, nor
could these be mimicked by these agents alone.
相似文献
108.
ML Jensen KA Wafford AR Brown D Belelli JJ Lambert NR Mirza 《British journal of pharmacology》2013,168(5):1118-1132
Background and Purpose
Most GABAA receptor subtypes comprise 2α, 2β and 1γ subunit, although for some isoforms, a δ replaces a γ-subunit. Extrasynaptic δ-GABAA receptors are important therapeutic targets, but there are few suitable pharmacological tools. We profiled DS2, the purported positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of δ-GABAA receptors to better understand subtype selectivity, mechanism/site of action and activity at native δ-GABAA receptors.Experimental Approach
Subunit specificity of DS2 was determined using electrophysiological recordings of Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing human recombinant GABAA receptor isoforms. Effects of DS2 on GABA concentration–response curves were assessed to define mechanisms of action. Radioligand binding and electrophysiology utilising mutant receptors and pharmacology were used to define site of action. Using brain-slice electrophysiology, we assessed the influence of DS2 on thalamic inhibition in wild-type and δ0/0 mice.Key Results
Actions of DS2 were primarily determined by the δ-subunit but were additionally influenced by the α, but not the β, subunit (α4/6βxδ > α1βxδ >> γ2-GABAA receptors > α4β3). For δ-GABAA receptors, DS2 enhanced maximum responses to GABA, with minimal influence on GABA potency. (iii) DS2 did not act via the orthosteric, or known modulatory sites on GABAA receptors. (iv) DS2 enhanced tonic currents of thalamocortical neurones from wild-type but not δ0/0 mice.Conclusions and Implications
DS2 is the first PAM selective for α4/6βxδ receptors, providing a novel tool to investigate extrasynaptic δ-GABAA receptors. The effects of DS2 are mediated by an unknown site leading to GABAA receptor isoform selectivity. 相似文献109.
110.
Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a novel,independent predictive marker of myocardial infarction in HIV‐1‐infected patients: a nested case‐control study
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