MTHFR基因多态性与老年精神分裂症患者共患冠心病的关系及其对精准护理的启示

目的 初步探讨MTHFR基因多态性与老年精神分裂症患者共患冠心病的关系,并讨论其对精神分裂症患者精准护理的启示.方法 选取2019年1月至2020年1月本院收治的精神分裂症患者126例作为研究对象,使用自行设计的病例资料收集表收集研究对象的病史资料及心肌酶谱、心电图、心脏彩超、MTHFR基因型等相关检查.结果 不同MTHFR基因型的老年精神分裂症患者的冠心病发病率比较差异无统计学意义;与未合并冠心病的精神分裂症患者相比,精神分裂症拟诊冠心病者在"单药治疗"比例较低、在"双药联合治疗""三药联合治疗"和"接受氯氮平治疗"的比例较高.结论 精神分裂症共患冠心病可能与MTHFR基因多态性无关,而与抗精神病药物治疗方案有关,提示适用于一般人群的精准护理策略不能简单套用于精神分裂症患者,其精准护理应有自己的方向和道路.     

单侧游离端附着体义齿三维光弹模型的建立

目的建立三维光弹模型,为研究游离端附着体义齿和其它义齿对支持组织的应力分布提供实验基础.方法以硅橡胶为模具用环氧树脂作为模型主材料,软衬材料制作牙周膜,硫化硅橡胶替代牙槽嵴黏膜,树脂塑料形成基牙外形.义齿完成就位后先测二维光弹应力应后加载升温冻结切片,完成三维光弹应力测试.结果建立的下颌单侧游离缺失光弹模型无初应力,透光性好;具有良好冻结性能,为应力测试提供了清晰的图像.结论三维光弹模型是研究功能状态下口腔修复体应力大小和分布的一种有效实验手段.     

儿童肱骨外髁骨折的治疗体会

目的总结儿童肱骨外髁骨折的治疗效果。方法 35例JakobⅠ~Ⅲ度儿童肱骨外髁骨折患儿中,8例(Ⅰ度)采用石膏托外固定治疗,27例(Ⅰ度8例、Ⅱ度11例、Ⅲ度8例)采用切开复位克氏针内固定治疗。结果手术治疗的27例获11个月~5年随访,骨折均骨性愈合;根据Hardacre评分:优17例,良8例,差2例,优良率为25/27。非手术治疗的8例获11个月~2年随访,骨折均骨性愈合;根据Hardacre评分:优6例,良2例,优良率为8/8。结论儿童肱骨外髁骨折手术或非手术治疗均可获得较满意效果。如行非手术治疗,必须严密观察,一旦发现骨折移位应早期手术治疗。     

一次性根治术治疗高位复杂性肛瘘的临床观察

为观察一次性根治术治疗高位复杂性肛瘘的临床疗效,将37例高位复杂性肛瘘患者采用一次性根治术治疗,均一次性治愈,治愈率100％,无并发症和后遗症。结果表明,采用一次性根治术治疗高位复杂性肛瘘疗效确切,值得推广。     

The early and mid-term results of mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation in children

Purpose

To review the surgical techniques and mid-term results of mitral valve repair in children with moderate or severe mitral regurgitation (MR).

Methods

One hundred and seven children with moderate or severe MR, aged 19.6 ± 8.5 months, were enrolled in this study. The surgical techniques used for mitral valve repair varied according to the mitral valve morphology, and included annuloplasty, annuloplasty ring, cleft closure, reconstruction of the posterior leaflet, etc. The concomitant cardiac anomalies were treated simultaneously. The results of repair were evaluated by transesophageal echocardiography performed during the operation and by serial transthoracic echocardiography performed during the follow-up.

Results

One hundred and six cases had no more than mild regurgitation intraoperatively, whereas only one case had moderate regurgitation. This patient underwent redo repair immediately, and the subsequent regurgitation was trivial. The in-hospital mortality rate was 0.9 % (1/107). The average follow-up was 46.5 ± 8.2 months. One patient died of heart failure 10 months postoperatively. The freedom from moderate or severe regurgitation after mitral valve repair was 92.3 ± 3.3 %.

Conclusion

Pediatric patients with moderate or severe MR require early surgical treatment. The early and mid-term results of mitral valve repair in pediatric patients were satisfactory.     

Expression of NLRP3 inflammasome in the BSA-overloaded rats kidney

Objective To observe NLRP3 inflammasome expression and inflammatory cells infiltration in the BSA-overloaded rats kidney, and to investigate the potential mechanism of renal injury induced by proteinuria. Methods After unilateral right nephrectomy, eighteen healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: protein overload nephropathy model group (n=10), treated with intraperitoneal injections of bovine serum albumin (BSA); control group (n=8), treated with intraperitoneal injections of 0.9% saline for 9 weeks. Body weigh were measured every week and 24 h urine were collected in 0, 2, 5, 7, 9 week. The plasma levels of blood total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were determined by automatic analyzers. Renal pathological changes were evaluated by PAS and Masson stains. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18, as well as the types of inflammatory cells. The NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 protein and mRNA levels were also analyzed by Western blot and real-time PCR in two groups. Results It was found that there was a significant increase of proteinuria and BUN in model group compare to that in control group (all P＜0.05). However, there were no significant changes in body weight, TP, Alb and Scr between the two groups. Morphological study demonstrated that renal tubular epithelial cell injury, proteinaceous casts in tubular lumen, accompanying with the dominant macrophages and lymphocytes infiltration in interstitium in model group. The immunohistochemistry showed that there were more T (CD3+), B cells (CD20+) and macrophages (CD68+) in renal interstitium in model group than that in control group (P＜0.05). Tubulointerstitial injury score was higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05). Immunohistochemistry, Western blot and real-time PCR all showed that the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-18 and IL-1 β were significantly increased compared to those in control group (P＜0.05). Furthermore, there were significant correlations between proteinuria and IL-1β/IL-18 expression (P＜0.05). Conclusion NLRP3 inflammasome activation is involved in tubulointerstitial inflammation caused by proteinuria.     

生物可降解聚氨酯的合成及应用

生物可降解聚氨酯材料具有优异的机械性能,良好的血液相容性、组织相容性和生物可降解性,因而在生物医学上得到了广泛的应用.聚氨酯的设计自由度很大,可以通过选择不同嵌段和调节软硬段间的比例,从而合成出具有不同化学结构、机械性能和热性能的聚氨酯以满足不同的应用要求.生物可降解聚氨酯在医学上的应用主要集中在药物缓释载体材料、手术缝合线、人造皮肤、伤口敷料、医用粘合剂、组织工程修复及细胞培养支架等.