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81.
阿司匹林滴眼液防治糖尿病性白内障 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的:探讨阿司匹林滴眼液抑制糖尿病性白内障的作用效果及作用机制.方法:复制链脲佐菌素(streptozocin, STZ)糖尿病大鼠模型,成模后(血糖>14 mmol/L)将动物分为低浓度阿司匹林治疗组(0.5 g/L)、高浓度阿司匹林治疗组(1 g/L)和未治疗组.治疗组每日给予2次阿司匹林滴眼液治疗左眼,采用裂隙显微镜观察并记录晶状体混浊的程度,使用分光光度计测定晶状体中谷胱甘肽、糖基化终末产物(advanced glycation end product, AGE)的含量以及谷胱甘肽还原酶、过氧化氢酶的活性.结果:建立糖尿病大鼠模型后6至9 wk,与糖尿病大鼠相比,治疗组大鼠晶状体混浊程度降低0.5~1个级别,谷胱甘肽的含量升高20%,过氧化氢酶的活性增强260%,而AGE的含量降低28%,它们之间差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:阿司匹林可能通过抑制晶状体蛋白质糖基化和氧化损伤的综合作用,延缓早期的糖尿病大鼠晶状体混浊. 相似文献
82.
目的探讨下腔静脉滤器(ICVF)置入与下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)治疗后复发的关系。方法回顾性分析2002年1月至2009年3月我院的确诊为DVT且符合入选标准的261例患者的临床资料。按照随访结果将患者分为复发组和未复发组,分别对可能引起复发的相关因素,如年龄、性别、分型、是否放置ICVF等11项因素进行对比分析。结果多因素logistic回归法分析放置ICVF,未完成抗凝治疗,分型及未行压力循环袜治疗是下肢DVT治疗后复发的独立危险因素(P0.05),而其他7项因素与DVT复发无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 ICVF置入是DVT治疗后复发的重要危险因素,使用压力循环袜治疗和规范的抗凝治疗对预防DVT治疗后复发有重要的临床意义。 相似文献
83.
目的研究携带人肝细胞生长因子基因的重组腺病毒(Ad—HGF)修饰骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)对大鼠脂肪颗粒移植存活率的影响。方法用携带绿色荧光蛋白的重组腺病毒(Ad-GFP)、Ad—HGF转染雄性Wistar大鼠MSCs,测定转染效率与感染上清中肝细胞生长因子(HGF)的表达。用雌性Wistar大鼠150只,随机分为5组:空白对照组(A组)、Ad—HGF组(B组)、MSCs组(C组)、Ad—GFP感染MSCs组(D组)和Ad—HGF感染MSCs组(E组),每组30只。各组均匀振动5分钟,将颗粒脂肪移植于自体背部皮下;移植后3、5、7、14、28、60d,每组各取5只大鼠脱颈处死,取出移植物;测体积、HE、Masson染色观察病理改变,免疫组织化学法测定组织中HGF表达和血管生成。结果积分吸光度=100时,Ad—GFP转染MSCs效率可达89.6%;移植后3、5、7、14d,E组移植物中HGF的表达高于其他各组(P〈0.05);移植后5、7、14、28、60d,E组血管数量也多于其他各组(P〈0.05);28d和60d时,E组脂肪颗粒体积保持率明显好于其他4组(P〈0.05)。结论携带HGF基因的MSCs在移植物中能够持续表达HGF,有效地减少脂肪颗粒移植后的吸收,从而提高移植颗粒脂肪的存活率。 相似文献
84.
Percutaneous screw fixation of nondisplaced scaphoid fractures has gained popularity but remains technically demanding. Internal fixation has been advocated in young active individuals with nondisplaced scaphoid fractures to accelerate healing, allow early wrist motion, and avoid the disadvantages with prolonged immobilization. Central placement of the screw in the proximal fragment of the scaphoid is associated with decreased time to union. The newly developed universal scaphoid splint results in complete immobilization of the wrist and allows either a dorsal or palmar surgical approach. The universal scaphoid splint offers adequate reference marker stability and successful 2D/3D-navigated fluoroscopic K-wire drilling and screw placement in the scaphoid bone. Biomechanic studies, cadaver investigations, and early clinical results support the advantages of computer-assisted surgery (CAS) compared to percutaneous screw placement. 相似文献
85.
目的:观察伊立替康(开普拓)联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(Non-Small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)的疗效以及不良反应。方法:经病理学或细胞学确诊的初治晚期NSCLC患者30例,男性18例,女性12例,中位年龄45岁(波动于33-56岁之间),KPS评分〉70。接受顺铂60-80 mg.(m^2)^-1联合开普拓60 mg.(m^2)^-1第1d、8d、15d静脉滴注,每4周重复。至少2周期以上,可评价疗效及不良反应。结果:全组PR7例,SD21例,PD2例,总有效率为23%。中位生存时间10.5个月,1年生存为率57%(17/30)。主要不良反应为延迟性腹泻和粒细胞减少。结论:伊立替康联合顺铂治疗晚期NSCLC疗效确切,不良反应发生率低,耐受性较好。 相似文献
86.
文学素养的提高、医籍经典的研读,对培养医学大家具有重要意义.本文首先举例说明悟经典著作之精髓,临床才能得心应手,其次阐述古代文字和文化知识的重要性,再次谈及孙思邈、李时珍、岳美中等的著述中所论对典籍学习的重要性,最后从<左传>旁及古文化知识学习要有目的、有选择. 相似文献
87.
目的:了解恶性冬眠瘤独特的临床病理和免疫组化及超微结构变化。方法:收集2例恶性冬眠瘤和4例粘液性脂肪肉瘤的临床资料,所有标本光镜常规切片观察,免疫组化染色检测CKp,SMA,RMA,MyOD1,S100,PCNA,p53。冬眠瘤和粘液性脂肪肉瘤各1例取新鲜组织做透射电镜观察。结果:恶性冬眠瘤与粘液性脂肪肉瘤有显著的组织学、免疫组化和超微结构的不同;例1与腺泡状软组织肉瘤的组织学和免疫组化改变相似,唯有超微结构不同。例2免疫组化与有腺泡样结构的肉瘤不同。结论:恶性冬眠瘤的诊断主要靠超微结构的观察和免疫组化染色。 相似文献
88.
Growth, puberty and obesity after treatment for leukaemia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
HA Davies E Didcock M Didi A Ogilvy-Stuart JKH Wales SM Shalet 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1995,84(S411):45-50
Final height, body proportions, pubertal growth and body mass index were studied retrospectively in 142 survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Treatment consisted of combination chemotherapy and cranial irradiation (18 or 24 Gy). Significant standing height loss and disproportion, with a relatively short back, was seen in both radiation dose groups. Girls were more severely affected than boys. Pubertal growth was adversely affected, with a reduction in peak height velocity in both sexes. Puberty occurred early in girls but at the normal time in boys. Nearly half the group were obese at final height, with no significant difference in incidence between the sexes. The relative roles of cranial irradiation and chemotherapy in the disturbance of growth, puberty and body composition observed in survivors of childhood ALL remain unclear. The aetiology is almost certainly multifactorial, with radiation-induced growth hormone insufficiency, early puberty, steroids and chemotherapy all having a role. 相似文献
89.
AM Boot J Nauta AC Hokken-Koelega HA Pols MA de Ridder SM de Muinck Keizer-Schrama 《Archives of disease in childhood》1995,72(6):502-506
A cross sectional study assessed the bone mineral density (BMD) of 20 young adult patients who received a renal transplantation in childhood. The BMD of the lumbar spine, mainly trabecular bone, and of the total body, mainly cortical bone, were measured and expressed as an SD score. Fourteen patients (70%) had a BMD SD score of the lumbar spine below -1, of whom six patients were below -2. Fifteen patients (75%) had a BMD SD score of the total body below -1, of whom seven patients were below -2, Both trabecular and cortical bone appeared to be involved in the osteopenic process. The cumulative dose of prednisone was inversely correlated to both lumbar spine and total body BMD SD score. In a multiple regression analysis the cumulative dose of prednisone appeared to be the only factor with a significant effect on BMD SD score. Most young adult patients who had received a renal transplantation in childhood had moderate to severe osteopenia. Corticosteroid treatment played a major part in the development of osteopenia in these patients. 相似文献
90.
Abdominal computed tomography prolongs length of stay and is frequently unnecessary in the evaluation of acute pancreatitis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Fleszler F Friedenberg F Krevsky B Friedel D Braitman LE 《The American journal of the medical sciences》2003,325(5):251-255
BACKGROUND: Computed tomography (CT) can play a vital role in the diagnosis and staging of patients with acute pancreatitis. However, according to current guidelines, a CT examination should not be performed in all patients. We assessed the use of CT scanning in the evaluation of patients with acute pancreatitis at an urban teaching hospital. METHODS: Retrospective review of patients admitted with the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis from October 1999 to October 2001. We recorded demographics, laboratory values, severity of illness, length of stay, indication for CT, ordering physician, and outcome. RESULTS: Overall, 108 patients met our inclusion criteria. Of these, 58 (54%) underwent CT examination. There was no difference (all P > 0.60) in markers of severity of illness in patients undergoing CT versus no CT. The only significant difference was length of stay (P = 0.003). Patients not undergoing CT were discharged a mean of 3 days sooner. Most appropriate CTs were ordered by the gastroenterology consultants as opposed to the emergency room and medical groups; however, this group's length of stay was longest (P = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS: In 1 teaching institution, physicians ordering CT for the evaluation of acute pancreatitis frequently do so without regard to the severity of patient illness. These examinations may prolong the length of hospitalization. Continued refinement and dissemination of guidelines for the diagnostic evaluation of acute pancreatitis is needed. 相似文献