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101.
Interaction of high molecular weight kininogen, factor XII, and fibrinogen in plasma at interfaces 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Using ellipsometry, anodized tantalum interference color, and Coomassie blue staining in conjunction with immunologic identification of proteins adsorbed at interfaces, we have previously found that fibrinogen is the main constituent deposited by plasma onto many man- made surfaces. However, the fibrinogen deposited from normal plasma onto glass and similar wettable materials is rapidly modified during contact activation until it can no longer be identified antigenically. In earlier publications, we have called this modification of the fibrinogen layer "conversion," to indicate a process of unknown nature. Conversion of adsorbed fibrinogen by the plasma was not accompanied by marked change in film thickness, so that we presumed that this fibrinogen was not covered but replaced by other protein. Conversion is now showen to be markedly delayed in plasma lacking high molecular weight kininogen, slightly delayed in plasma lacking factor XII, and normal in plasma that lack factor XI or prekallikrein. We conclude that intact plasma will quickly replace the fibrinogen it has deposited on glass-like surfaces by high molecular weight kininogen and, to a smaller extent, by factor XII. Platelets adhere preferentially to fibrinogen-coated surfaces; human platelets adhere to hydrophobic nonactivating surfaces, since on these, adsorbed firbinogen is not exchanged by the plasma. The adsorbed fibrinogen will be replaced on glass-like surfaces during surface activation of clotting, and platelets failing to find fibrinogen will not adhere. 相似文献
102.
A comparative analysis of enzymatic activities has been performed on 47 human continuous lymphoid lines: 22 tumors derived from Burkitt's lymphoma lines, 6 other lymphomatous long-term cultures, and 19 nonmalignant ties determined on the cell extracts. 4 showed no significant differences between the various lines. They included adenosine diphosphoribose incorporation, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase, and glutathione reductase. However, striking differences of activity were found for the enzyme, NAD(P) glycohydrolase (EC 3.2.2.6). Activity levels were, as a mean, four times higher in Burkitt's lymphoma-derived cell lines than in nonmalignant control lines, and the difference was highly significant (p less than 0.02). All Burkitt cell lines containing translocations of chromosome 8 with either chromosomes 2, 14 or 22 showed an increased activity. The specificity and significance of this possible enzymatic marker of Burkitt's lymphoma cells is discussed. 相似文献
103.
In this investigation, we studied the importance of cellular glutathione (GSH) in the hexose monophosphate shunt (HMPS) activity of unstimulated human erythrocytes and the mechanism by which pyruvate stimulates the HMPS. The rate of HMPS activity was measured by the production of radioactive CO2 from 14C-1-glucose or 14C-1-ribose using a vibrating reed electrometer and ionization chamber. HMPS activity was not significantly impaired by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) in concentrations which bound all red cell GSH. Red cells incubated under carbon monoxide (CO), an experimental condition which eliminates peroxide production, still had HMPS activity which was 44% of the value under air. Pyruvate stimulation of the HMPS was unaffected by doses of NEM which bound all cellular GSH or by incubation under CO. These data indicated that pyruvate stimulation of the HMPS occurs by pathways which do not involve peroxide formation, GSH, or oxygen. This study indicates that sulfhydryl blockade of GSH does not necessarily inhibit HMPS activity and that HMPS activity in red cells may respond to reactions not linked directly to glutathione reduction. 相似文献
104.
Interstitial lung fibrosis and rheumatic disorders in patients with hepatitis C virus infection 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
Ferri C; La Civita L; Fazzi P; Solfanelli S; Lombardini F; Begliomini E; Monti M; Longombardo G; Pasero G; Zignego AL 《Rheumatology (Oxford, England)》1997,36(3):360-365
A possible aetiopathogenetic role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been
reported in various immune-mediated disorders, such as mixed
cryoglobulinaemia, which may be complicated by interstitial lung
involvement; moreover, different viruses, including HCV, have been
correlated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Here, a cohort of eight
HCV-positive patients (M/F = 4/4, mean age 61 +/- 8 S.D. yr) with
interstitial lung fibrosis and a variable number of rheumatic disorders are
described. Interstitial lung involvement appeared medially 4.5 +/- 3.2 S.D.
yr after the clinical onset of chronic hepatitis. During the clinical
follow-up, some rheumatic symptoms were also recorded: articular
involvement (four patients): mild sicca syndrome (one patient); severe
polymyositis and cranial neuropathy (one patient); serum cryoglobulins
and/or autoantibodies (eight patients). In all patients, a moderate (four
patients) or severe (four patients) lung fibrosis was evaluated by means of
high-resolution computed tomography. The presence of parenchymal
radiotracer uptake on 67Ga scan (7/7 patients) and increased percentages of
neutrophils (4/4 patients) and lymphocytes (2/4) at bronchoalveolar lavage
suggested an active lung involvement. Different degrees of reduction of
single breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco) (mean value
57.6 +/- 15%, range 37- 80) were observed in all cases, while spirometric
abnormalities, consistent with a global restrictive pattern, were less
frequently found. In all cases, anti-HCV antibodies and HCV viraemia were
demonstrated: viral genome was also detected in peripheral lymphocytes from
4/4 subjects and in one case in lung biopsy specimens. A desquamative
interstitial pneumonia pattern was demonstrated in two cases by lung
biopsy. The present work supports the hypothesis that HCV chronic infection
could represent a trigger factor for interstitial lung fibrosis and various
rheumatic disorders.
相似文献
105.
106.
Epidemiology of HIV-associated cryptococcosis in France (1985-2001): comparison of the pre- and post-HAART eras 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Dromer F Mathoulin-Pélissier S Fontanet A Ronin O Dupont B Lortholary O;French Cryptococcosis Study Group 《AIDS (London, England)》2004,18(3):555-562
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the epidemiological evolution of cryptococcosis in France after the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). DESIGN: Retrospective study of cryptococcosis cases recorded at the National Reference Center for Mycoses in France since 1985. METHODS: Using the national surveillance data, we reviewed 1644 cases of HIV-associated cryptococcosis diagnosed in France (population, 59 million) between 1985 and 2001 and compared them to 335 cases recorded in HIV-negative patients. RESULTS: The total number of cryptococcosis cases evolved in parallel to that recorded for HIV-infected patients. Changes occurring after HAART introduction were analysed. A negative binomial regression model established a 46% decrease of the incidence of cryptococcosis during the post-HAART era (1997-2001, n = 292) compared to the pre-HAART era (1985-1996, n = 1352). According to multivariate analysis, African origin, older age, heterosexual HIV contamination, no previous AIDS-defining illness, and no previous HIV infection diagnosis were variables independently associated with an increased risk of cryptococcosis during the post-HAART era. During the same period, the characteristics of the HIV-negative population did not change. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis of the national surveillance identified demographic factors associated with an increased risk of cryptococcosis in the post-HAART era suggesting that failure to consult and considering oneself not at risk were determinant in the current epidemiology of HIV-related cryptococcosis in France. 相似文献
107.
O Falusi AL French EC Seaberg PC Tien DH Watts H Minkoff E Piessens A Kovacs K Anastos MH Cohen 《Clinical infectious diseases》2002,35(11):1414-1417
We assessed the prevalence and predictors of latent Toxoplasma infection in a large group of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and HIV-uninfected at-risk US women. The prevalence of latent Toxoplasma infection was 15% (380 of 2525 persons) and did not differ by HIV infection status. HIV-infected women aged > or =50 years and those born outside of the United States were more likely to have latent Toxoplasma infection, with prevalences of 32% and 41%, respectively. 相似文献
108.
Epstein AL; Samoszuk M; Stathopoulos E; Naeve GS; Clevenger CV; Weil S; Marder RJ 《Blood》1987,70(4):1124-1130
A monoclonal antibody, designated BM-1, which is reactive in B5 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, has been generated against a cytoplasmic and nuclear antigen expressed in human myeloid precursor cells and derived leukemias. Using the avidin-biotin-complex immunoperoxidase procedure, BM-1 was found to stain selectively myeloid precursor cells in normal bone marrow and mature granulocytes in the blood. In a screen of 26 normal adult and fetal human organs fixed in B5 formalin, BM-1 was negative in all nonhematopoietic tissues with the exception of tissue granulocytes and scattered cells in the peripheral cortex of the thymus. Likewise a screen of 30 solid tumor cell lines including a spectrum of carcinomas, sarcomas, and neural-derived tumors was negative. BM-1 was also negative with 21 T and B cell lymphomas and 11 Hodgkin's disease tumors. A preliminary study of tumors of the hematopoietic system revealed that BM-1 was reactive with M2 and M3 acute myelogenous leukemias (AML), chronic myelogenous leukemias (CML) and myelomonocytic leukemias, and granulocytic sarcomas. M1, M4, M5, and M6 AML clot preparations were negative in this study, indicating that BM-1 may have a role in the histopathologic diagnosis of myelogenous leukemia. Myeloid leukemic cell lines HL-60, ML-2, KG1, and TPH-1-O showed BM-1 nuclear and/or cytoplasmic reactivity in a subpopulation of cells, but erythroid and lymphoid leukemias and all lymphoma cell lines were negative. Immunoperoxidase studies of a panel of fetal tissues showed BM-1 positive cells in the peripheral cortex of the thymus and portal myelopoietic regions of the liver at 18 weeks gestation. Finally, DNA-cellulose and solid phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) techniques developed in our laboratory demonstrate that the BM-1 antigenic domain is reactive only after binding to eukaryotic but not prokaryotic single- or double-stranded DNA. Immunoblot techniques using a DNA-cellulose purified protein sample revealed that BM-1 recognizes a 183 kD protein. These studies indicate that BM-1 is recognizing a myeloid-specific antigen that, because of its DNA binding characteristics, may have an important role in the differentiation of myeloid cells at the molecular level. 相似文献
109.
110.
Medhat A. F. SHALABY Suliman M. AL HUMAYED Ahmed M. DEWEDAR Tunis A. EL‐SAEED 《International journal of rheumatic diseases》2008,11(3):311-314
Rosai‐Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare benign reactive lymphoproliferative disorder characterised by a histopathological pattern with sinus histiocytosis and hemophagocytosis. It usually presents with fever, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, cervical lymphadenopathy, other lymph node and extra‐nodal site involvement. We present the case of a 25‐year‐old female patient with polyarthritis mimicking rheumatoid arthritis (RA). When the para‐aortic lymph node was biopsied, it showed extensive histiocytic proliferation; some clusters of plasma cells, lymphocytes and rare multinucleated cells were seen, suggesting a diagnosis of RDD. There is nothing in the literature regarding the polyarthritic presentation of the disease. To the best of our knowledge, our patient is the first case of RDD presenting with a clinical picture mimicking atypical seronegative RA. 相似文献