ENPP1基因多态位点与左心室肥厚的关系研究

目的 研究中老年人核苷酸外焦磷酸酶/磷酸二酯酶1(ENPP1)基因多态位点rs1409181与左心室肥厚的关系.方法 从"广州生物库队列-CVD"项目中的1996名研究对象随机选出390名年龄≥50岁的中老年广州市居民,收集其个人资料与病史、体格检查并测定血清空腹血糖、血脂水平;应用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪,同步连接心电图,测定左心室舒张末期内径(LVIDD)、舒张期室间隔厚度(IVSD)、舒张期后壁厚度(LVPWD).根据Devereux公式计算左心室质量(LVM)和左心室质量指数(LVMI)以判断左心室肥厚.应用荧光定量PCR方法检测ENPP1基因rs1409181位点的基因型.结果 ENPP1基因GG、CG和CC 3个基因型组左心室肥厚的比率分别为21.5%、28.2%和37.5%.与GG基因型相比,CG和CC基因型经调整包括血压和胰岛素抵抗指数在内等多种混杂因素后,对左心室肥厚的比值比(OR)分别为1.39(95%CI:0.78～2.50)和2.36(95%CI:1.21～4.60),趋势检验P=0.01.结论 ENPP1基因多态位点rs1409181与左心室肥厚显著相关.     

Subacute and chronic bone infections: diagnosis using In-111, Ga-67 and Tc-99m MDP bone scintigraphy, and radiography

The usefulness of indium-111 white blood cell scintigraphy in the diagnosis of subacute or chronic bone infection was examined in 21 orthopedic patients. In-111 WBC imaging was compared with gallium-67 and technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate skeletal scintigraphy and bone radiography, all studies being performed within 1 week. In-111 WBC scintigraphy showed no definite advantage over Ga-67 scintigraphy in the identification of chronic bone infection. The two tests had the same sensitivity (80%) and similar specificity (In-111 WBC 75%, Ga-67 83%; difference not significant). Bone radiography had a sensitivity of 60% and a specificity of 67%. A negative Tc-99m MDP bone scintigram ruled out infection (sensitivity 100%), but because of low specificity (25%), final evaluation required performance of Ga-67 or In-111 WBC scintigraphy.     

Excellent absorption enhancing characteristics of NO donors for improving the intestinal absorption of poorly absorbable compound compared with conventional absorption enhancers

The characteristics of NO donors, NOC5 [3-(2-hydroxy-1-(1-methylethyl-2-nitrosohydrazino)-1-propanamine), NOC12 [N-ethyl-2-(1-ethyl-2-hydroxy-2-nitrosohydrazino)-ethanamine] and SNAP [S-nitroso-N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine] as absorption enhancers for poorly absorbable drugs were examined in rats using an in situ closed loop method. They were compared with a group of conventional absorption enhancers including sodium glycocholate (NaGC), sodium caprate (NaCap), sodium salicylate (NaSal) and n-dodecyl-beta-D-maltopyranoside (LM). 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (CF) was used as a model drug to investigate effectiveness, site-dependency, and concentration-dependency of the tested enhancers. Overall, the NO donors can improve the intestinal absorption of CF at low concentration (5 mM), whereas higher concentration was required for the conventional absorption enhancers to elicit the absorption enhancing effect. In the small intestine, SNAP was the most effective absorption enhancers, although its concentration (5 mM) was lower than the conventional absorption enhancers (20 mM). On the other hand, LM and NaCap as well as the three NO donors were effective to improve the colonic absorption of CF. In the regional difference in the absorption enhancing effects, the NO donors showed significant effects in all intestinal regions, whereas we observed a regional difference in the absorption enhancing effect of the other conventional absorption enhancers. In the conventional enhancers, the absorption enhancing effects were generally greater in the large intestine than those in the small intestine. LM and NaCap were ineffective in the jejunum, although they were effective for improving the absorption of CF in the colon. NaSal was ineffective in both the jejunum and the colon. The absorption enhancement produced by NO donors was greatly affected by increasing the enhancer concentration from 3 to 5 mM, but only a slight increase was obtained when the concentration was raised to 10 mM. Similar results were obtained for the other enhancers over the range of 10 to 20 mM, but the absorption enhancing effects of these enhancers were almost saturated above these concentrations. These results suggest that NO donors possess excellent effectiveness as absorption enhancers for poorly absorbable drugs compared with the conventional enhancers. They can enhance intestinal absorption of CF from all intestinal regions and they are effective at very low concentrations.     

Assessment of a radioisotopic assay for vitamin B12 using an intrinsic factor preparation with R proteins blocked by vitamin B12 analogues

A competitive protein binding radioassay kit for serum vitamin B₁₂ has been assessed. Precision, linearity, sensitivity, and specificity have been found to be satisfactory. Falsely-normal assay results in patients with vitamin B₁₂ deficiency have not been observed.     

儿童分泌性中耳炎听力测试中的护理干预

目的探讨分泌性中耳炎患儿声导抗与纯音听阈测试检查听力的护理干预方法。方法选择2012年4-12月到本科就医的分泌性中耳炎患儿48例,随机分为观察组和对照组（各24例）,对两组患儿听力测试完成情况及测试耗时进行比较。结果观察组患儿能主动配合检查,完成率为91．67％,耗时相对较短,平均用时（18．72±9．63）min;对照组患儿主动配合检查完成率为62．50％,检测平均耗时（21．50±11．93）min,两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论护理干预能有效地确保听力测试的顺利完成及数据的准确性,并明显缩短了测试时间,提高工作效率。     

Early operative mortality after surgical treatment of bronchogenic carcinoma

Background A retrospective analysis of the results of pulmonary resection over a 7 years period for bronchogenic carcinoma was performed. Methods Three hundred and eleven patients with primary bronchogenic carcinoma were operated upon at Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Kashmir, between January 1996 to June 2002. There were 62 pneumonectomies (19.93%), 174 lobectomies (55.94%) and 75 lesser resections (24.11%). Results The overall operative mortality was 4.82%. The mortality rate for pneumonectomy, lobectomy and lesser resections were 9.6%, 4.5% and 1.3% respectively. There was no significant difference in operative mortality between pneumonectomy and lobectomy, and between lobectomy and lesser resections. Post operative mortality rate increased as the age of patient increased. Mortality was 2.3;2.9;5.0;7.41; and 14.2 in the age groups of <50 years, 50–59 years, 60–69 years, 70–79 years and 80 years and above respectively. Pneumonia and respiratory failure caused most deaths (46.66%). Conclusions Pulmonary resections can be performed with satisfactory mortality and morbidity in bronchogenic carcinoma.