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目的:综合目前国际上研究骨髓源干细胞对抗肺纤维化的研究进展,介绍目前对其机制的假定,为干细胞在肺纤维化治疗上的应用提供思路。资料来源:应用计算机检索Pubmed数据库2000-01/2006-12相关文献,检索词"stem cells,lung fibrosis",限定文章语言种类为"English"。同时查阅中文期刊数据库2000-01/2006-12干细胞与肺损伤相关文章,检索词"干细胞,肺损伤",限定文章语言种类为中文。资料选择:对资料进行初审。纳入移植的异体骨髓源干细胞在肺损伤受体内行为的基础与临床相关研究,以及特发性肺纤维化进程中因子环境的相关文章。排除综述文献、重复研究。资料提炼:共收集到文献207篇,按上述标准引用其中31篇。资料综合:由于肺部结构的复杂性,干细胞的应用研究进展落后于其他器官。目前主要的研究还集中于动物模型阶段,临床上的研究多效果有限。动物模型研究多采用在模型鼠体内植入干细胞观察治疗效果的方法,主要通过性别不匹配或携带标记鼠的骨髓细胞或骨髓细胞亚群移植等手段。关于移植干细胞减缓炎症、对抗纤维化的机制,目前的研究结论还有待统一。一种假定是植入的干细胞替代II型肺泡上皮,另一假定是外来的干细胞改变受损部位微环境。结论:骨髓来源干细胞在治疗及预防肺纤维化方面可能存在巨大潜力,其具体治疗方案与治疗机制还有待进一步研究。  相似文献   
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目的:设计一种护理床,以预防缺乏自控能力的老年人和智障人员发生坠床危险。方法:利用重心测定原理,计算患者在床上的位置,并辅以红外探测报警,实现自动报警防坠床的主要功能。结果:该护理床在Labview环境下编制监控程序,建立自动监控报警系统;以相应比例的砝码代替患者进行实验测试。结论:测试结果表明:①该装置监控到报警响应时间短,能够及时发现隐患,减少患者意外发生。②护理床采用全自动监控报警,可减轻护理人员的负担。  相似文献   
64.
目的:观察应用逆转手法按摩和系列石膏固定治疗先天性马蹄内翻足的疗效。方法:选择2004-01/2006-02郑州市儿童医院门诊就诊的先天性马蹄内翻足患儿29例41足,柔软型20例27足,僵硬型9例14足;平均年龄46d。于石膏室应用逆转手法按摩后行系列石膏固定治疗,矫正后应用矫形支具维持治疗。矫正标准:足部外展40°、外翻20°、背伸20°,提起患儿,其足部能在桌面上踏平。结果:24例34足通过手法按摩、系列石膏固定矫正,占83%(24/29),平均治疗时间6.3周;5例7足(均为僵硬型)畸形减轻,3例3足行经皮跟腱延长术,2例4足行肌平衡术。全部病例均获随访,随访6 ̄30个月,平均17个月。其中3例6足畸形复发,5足行经皮跟腱延长术,1足行肌平衡术。结论:应用逆转手法按摩、系列石膏固定治疗先天性马蹄内翻足效果显著。  相似文献   
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Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) gene have been associated with hypertriglyceridaemia. We investigated which SNPs in the APOA5 gene were associated with triglyceride levels in two independent Chinese populations. In all, 1375 subjects in the Hong Kong Cardiovascular Risk Factor Prevalence Study were genotyped for five tagging SNPs chosen from HapMap. Replication was sought in 1996 subjects from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. Among the five SNPs, rs662799 (-1131T>C) was strongly related to log-transformed triglyceride levels among Hong Kong subjects (β=0.192, P=2.6 × 10−13). Plasma triglyceride level was 36.1% higher in CC compared to TT genotype. This association was confirmed in Guangzhou subjects (β=0.159, P=1.3 × 10−12), and was significantly irrespective of sex, age group, obesity, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, diabetes, smoking and alcohol drinking. The odds ratios and 95% confidence interval for plasma triglycerides ≥1.7 mmol/l associated with TC and CC genotypes were, respectively, 1.81 (1.37–2.39) and 2.22 (1.44–3.43) in Hong Kong and 1.27 (1.05–1.54) and 1.97 (1.42–2.73) in Guangzhou. Haplotype analysis suggested the association was due to rs662799 only. The corroborative findings in two independent populations indicate that the APOA5-1131T>C polymorphism is an important and clinically relevant determinant of plasma triglyceride levels in the Chinese population.  相似文献   
68.
We describe the design of a randomised controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of endometrial polyp removal in women with postmenopausal bleeding. We designed a trial in which patients with postmenopausal bleeding and endometrial thickness >4 mm undergo hysteroscopy. If during hysteroscopy an endometrial polyp was diagnosed, patients were asked to participate in this trial and after informed consent allocated to immediate removal of the polyp or expectant management. This trial suffered from lack of recruitment related both to doctors seeking for informed consent as well as to patients' unwillingness to participate in this trial. However, a randomised controlled trial on this subject is still necessary to evaluate the efficacy of uterine cavity evaluation in the diagnostic work-up of women with postmenopausal bleeding, focussing on benign pathology. Therefore, we propose an alternative design, which might be more feasible.  相似文献   
69.
Background: Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most common causes of blindness. Timely retinal evaluation is known to prevent or minimise visual loss. This study compared the prevalence of ocular disorders in patients who have and have not undergone a retinal examination since diagnosis of their type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Such data might be useful for planning purposes by health care authorities and agencies in Hong Kong. Methods: Patients with T2DM aged 30 years or over presented for standardised interviews and screening for diabetic retinopathy. The presence of ocular disorders was recorded and the severity of the retinopathy, if any, was graded using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) classification. Results: For the 1058 subjects who participated in this study, the mean age at examination was 61.8 ± 10.5 (SD) years (range, 31–93 years). For the 891 subjects with known diabetes for one year or longer, 62.7 per cent had never undergone an evaluation for diabetic retinopathy since diagnosis of their T2DM. Of the 891 subjects, gradable fundus photographs were available for 853 subjects and nearly 2.0 per cent of these had sight‐threatening retinopathy based on the ETDRS classification. Those who had not had an eye examination since diagnosis of their T2DM were more likely to have sight‐threatening retinopathy than those who had a retinal evaluation (2.6 versus 0.6 per cent; p = 0.04). Conclusion: In our sample, over 60 per cent of patients with T2DM for one year or longer had not had a retinal assessment since diagnosis. The risk of developing sight‐threatening diabetic retinopathy appears to be higher for those who have not had a retinal assessment.  相似文献   
70.
达托霉素为第一个环脂肽类抗菌药,体外对万古霉素耐药肠球菌、甲氧西林耐药葡萄球菌及糖肽类耐药金葡菌等革兰阳性菌具有杀菌活性。作者报道了在29例中性粒细胞减少伴发热成人肿瘤患者中进行达托霉素的药动学研究结果。给予29例中性粒细胞减少伴发热肿瘤患者单剂30min内静脉滴注达托霉素6mg/kg,并分别留取用药前及用药结束后0、0.5、1、2、4、8、12和24h血样。  相似文献   
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