Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of a neurovirulent Zika virus isolated from Cambodia in 2019

The geographic range of Zika virus (ZIKV) has expanded from Asia to the Americas, leading to the 2015–2016 pandemic with enhanced neurovirulence. At present, ZIKV is continuously circulating in many Southeast Asian countries. Unfortunately, the persistent evolution of ZIKV in Southeast Asia and its influence on the biological characteristics of the virus remain incompletely understood. In this study, the in vitro and in vivo properties of a new ZIKV isolate obtained from Cambodia in 2019 (CAM/2019) were characterized and compared with those of the Cambodian strain (CAM/2010). Compared with CAM/2010, the CAM/2019 virus showed similar plaque morphology and growth curves in cell cultures and induced comparable viremia and organ viral loads profiles in both BALB/c and A129 (IFNAR1^−/−) mice upon intraperitoneal (i.p.) inoculation. Remarkably, the CAM/2019 virus exhibited enhanced neurovirulence in neonatal mice compared with CAM/2010, with a 74-fold reduction in the 50% lethal dose (LD₅₀). Consistently, CAM/2019 produced higher viral loads in the brains of BALB/c neonatal mice than CAM/2010 did. Sequence alignment showed that the CAM/2019 virus has acquired 12 amino acid substitutions, several of which were found to be associated with neurovirulence. In particular, the CAM/2019 virus shared an A1204T substitution in NS2A with the Thai isolate SI-BKK02 that was isolated from a microcephaly case. Taken together, our results indicate that a ZIKV strain isolated with specific mutations has emerged in Cambodia, highlighting the need for extensive molecular and disease surveillance in Cambodia and other Asian countries.     

Role of Th1/Th2 cells activation in chronic hepatitis B virus infection

Clonal analysis of mndne T cells has led to the idenuncation of Z typeS of Th cells, Thl and on. Thl cells,chacterized by secreting interferon-y (Iap-Y), interleukin-2 (IL2) and tumor necrosis factor-5 (TNF-3), involved Principally in cell-mediated ~ity and play acrucial role in defending the host against intracellularPathogens such as a Vallety of yi~es. ThZ cells,secreting IL4, ms, IL-6 and ilo, mostly regulateh~ immune responSe, and may oafs Paxtial PIDtection against extracellula…     

Differences between the gap junctional communication function of fibroblasts derived from pathological scars and normal skin

Keloid is a fibrotic disease Of the hUInan dends thattakes the form of benign fibIOus tumors resulting from anabnolmal response to wound. Unlike hyperplastic scarewith which keloid is freqUently collfused, keloid lesionusually extends beyond the bountyyes of the originalwound by invasive growth without rendssion with time,which is diffictilt to cormct s~cally and does not proVOke scar .on~tionll'2].It is noted that there ~ vallous patterns of intereellular interachon, as junchonal interoell…     

卵巢癌患者手术前后IL-2,sIL-2R及mIL-2R水平改变的临床意义

探讨卵巢癌患的细胞状态以及ＩＬ－２血清游离白细胞介素－２受体,外周血单个核细胞膜结构型白细胞介素－２受体与临床的关系。方法＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ参入法测３１例卵巢癌患ＩＬ－２产生水平,ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平,ＡＰＡＡＰ免疫组化检测外周血单个核细胞膜结合型ＩＬ－２Ｒ表达细胞。     

保定医学堂的初创

保定医学堂是在我国医学教育中较早的一所中西医结合院校,该校的建立为中西医结合的发展起到了积极的作用。本文介绍了该学堂建立时的历史背景,教学计划及学生管理等方面的规章制度,这对当前的教育、教学改革无疑有所裨益。     

职业人群不健康行为生活方式与高尿酸血症的关系及高血压、血脂异常的效应修饰作用

目的 探索不健康行为生活方式与高尿酸血症的关系,以及高血压、血脂异常的效应修饰作用,为预防高尿酸血症提供理论依据。方法 采用横断面调查研究设计,基于2021年10-12月来自四川省、贵州省28个地级市和重庆市33个区（县）中国铁路成都局集团有限公司的西南职业人群队列基线数据,通过问卷调查、体格测量及实验室生化检测收集研究对象的人口学特征、行为生活方式、慢性非传染性疾病患病情况。不健康行为生活方式得分根据吸烟、饮酒、膳食模式、体力活动和低体重/超重状况进行评分,分值越高不健康行为生活方式越多。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析不健康行为生活方式评分、吸烟状况、饮酒状况等与高尿酸血症的关系,采用分层分析探索高血压等疾病对不健康行为生活方式与高尿酸血症之间关系的修饰效应。结果 共纳入11 748名研究对象,高尿酸血症患病率为34.4%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,现在吸/既往吸烟、现在饮/既往饮酒及BMI异常是高尿酸血症患病的危险因素,不健康行为生活方式对高尿酸血症患病风险呈现累积效应,随着得分的升高,高尿酸血症患病风险升高,OR值由1.64（95%CI：1.34~2.00）上升至2.89（95%CI：2.39~3.50）。分层分析结果显示,在高血压及血脂异常人群中,不健康行为生活方式对高尿酸血症患病风险影响更大。结论 多种不健康行为生活方式的共存会升高高尿酸血症患病风险,这一效应在高血压、血脂异常人群中更明显。及时纠正不健康行为生活方式,并控制高血压和血脂异常,降低患高尿酸血症的风险。     

利用垃圾填埋气体发电走垃圾处理资源化道路

城市生活固体弃物经卫生填埋后,产生的洁气可以做为资源加以利用。杭州市天子岭废弃物处理场１９９８年建成中外合作的发电厂,利用沼气并网发电,不但学习了国外的先进技术,而且培养自己的技术,管理人员。     

鼻中隔矫正术及鼻丘划痕治疗变应性鼻炎

应用鼻中隔矫正术和以鼻丘为中心的划痕术治疗鼻中隔偏曲伴变应性鼻炎（PAR）患者32例,术后症状立即消失,术后随访6个月～18个月.仅2例复发,但症状明显较前减轻,鼻中隔矫正术及鼻丘划痕术治疗PAR短期效果满意,是基层医院治疗PAR较理想的手术方法.     

The Women's Health Trial Feasibility Study in Minority Populations: changes in dietary intakes.

This randomized clinical trial examined the feasibility of low-fat dietary interventions among postmenopausal women of diverse backgrounds. During 1992-1994, 2,208 women aged 50-79 years, 28% of whom were black and 16% Hispanic, enrolled at clinics in Atlanta, Georgia, Birmingham, Alabama, and Miami, Florida. Intervention/support groups met periodically with a nutritionist to reduce fat intake to 20% of energy and to make other diet modifications. At 6 months postrandomization, the intervention group reduced fat intake from 39.7% of energy at baseline to 26.4%, a reduction of 13.3% of energy, compared with 2.3% among controls. Saturated fatty acid and cholesterol intakes were reduced, but intakes of fruits and vegetables, but not grain products, increased. Similar effects were observed at 12 and 18 months. Black and non-Hispanic white women had similar levels of reduction in fat, but the decrease in Hispanic women was less. Changes did not vary significantly by education. While bias in self-reported intakes may have resulted in somewhat overestimated changes in fat intake, the reported reduction was similar to the approximately 10% of energy decrease found in most trials and suggests that large changes in fat consumption can be attained in diverse study populations and in many subgroups.     

鼻腔鼻窦非上皮源性恶性肿瘤7例报告

报告鼻腔鼻窦非上皮源性恶性肿瘤７ 例,其中恶性黑色素瘤２ 例,恶性神经鞘瘤２ 例,非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤２ 例,平滑肌肉瘤１ 例。因鼻腔鼻窦恶性黑色素瘤罕见,故易误诊,其中１ 例因高度疑为此病,经病检证实,及时准确切除了瘤体,术后存活５ 年余;恶性神经鞘瘤临床确诊主要依靠病检,诊断平滑肌肉瘤则需结合免疫组化检测,随免疫组化的开展,非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤的临床与病理诊断符合率已有提高,前三者治疗以手术切除为主,非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤则可先化疗再局部放疗。