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81.
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83.
The dynamic condylar screw in the management of subtrochanteric fractures: does judicious use of biological fixation enhance overall results?
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Halwai MA Dhar SA Wani MI Butt MF Mir BA Ali MF Dar IH 《Strategies in trauma and limb reconstruction (Online)》2007,2(2-3):77-81
Subtrochanteric fractures are fraught with certain anatomic, biologic and biomechanical challenges. Evolution of implants
like the Gamma nail, fixed-angle nail plates, compression hip screws and dynamic hip screws with trochanteric stabilization
plates underlines a persistent quest for a better implant. We studied the dynamic condylar screw DCS as an implant on a series
of 30 consecutive patients with subtrochanteric fractures. Our purpose was to assess this implant as a panacea for subtrochanteric
fractures. All cases of AO type A and B were anatomically fixed, whereas type C was biologically plated. The idea was to assess
the applicability and adaptability of the DCS. Fractures in 29 cases united, with one patient suffering from an implant failure.
There were 17 excellent, 5 good, 5 fair and 3 poor results. The DCS is a definite advance over previous methods of treatment;
when combined with the utilization of biological fixation techniques for comminuted fractures, can be relied upon to treat
all types of subtrochanteric fractures.
The DCS is a satisfactory implant in technologically less advanced settings and can be used as the treatment modality of choice
in subtrochanteric fractures in such settings. 相似文献
84.
Mamun-Al-Mahtab Salimur Rahman Mobin Khan Fazal Karim 《Journal of health, population, and nutrition》2009,27(1):14-19
Acute hepatitis is seen sporadically round the year in Bangladesh. The incidence of acute viral hepatitis E increases after floods as this allows sewerage contamination of piped and groundwater. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the burden of hepatitis E virus (HEV infection) in Bangladesh. Patients attending the Hepatology Unit III of the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, during June 2004–December 2006, were included in the study. All viral markers were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The study population was divided in four groups. Group 1 included 144 patients with acute viral hepatitis. The inclusion criteria were: nausea and/or vomiting, loss of appetite, serum bilirubin >200 μmol/L, raised serum transaminases, and prothrombin time ≥3 seconds prolonged beyond control value. In Group 2, there were 31 pregnant women with acute viral hepatitis. All the patients had prodrome, icterus, raised serum bilirubin and raised serum transaminase levels. Group 3 included 23 patients presenting with fulminant hepatic failure. In Group 4, 69 patients with cirrhosis of liver were included. They presented with features of decompensation for the first time. The inclusion criteria were: patients with established cirrhosis with jaundice and/or ascites and/or hepatic encephalopathy. In Group 1, 58.33% of the 144 patients had acute viral hepatitis E. In Group 2, 45.16% of the pregnant women also had acute viral hepatitis E. HEV was responsible for 56.52% cases of fulminant hepatic failure in Group 3. In 21.7% cases in Group 4, decompensation of cirrhosis was due to HEV. Acute viral hepatitis E in the third trimester of pregnancy and HEV-induced fulminant hepatic failure were associated with 80% of mortality despite the best possible care. In this clinical context, acute viral hepatitis E is the leading cause of wide spectrum of liver disease ranging from severe acute viral hepatitis, fulminant hepatic failure, to decompensation of liver in cirrhotics in Bangladesh. Sewerage contamination of piped water following floods may contribute to the higher incidence of HEV infection.Key words: Hepatitis, Hepatitis E infections, Hepatitis E virus, Retrospective studies, Bangladesh 相似文献
85.
Bacopa monnieri (BM) has been used in Ayurvedic medicine as a nootropic, anxiolytic, antiepileptic and antidepressant. An n-butanol extract of the plant (nBt-ext BM) was analysed and found to contain Bacoside A (Bacoside A3, Bacopaside II and Bacopasaponin C). The effects of the BM extract were then studied on morphine-induced hyperactivity as well as dopamine and serotonin turnover in the striatum since these parameters have a role in opioid sensitivity and dependence. Mice were pretreated with saline or nBt-ext BM (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg, orally), 60 min before morphine administration and locomotor activity was subsequently recorded. Immediately after testing, striatal tissues were analysed for dopamine (DA), serotonin (5HT) and their metabolites using HPLC coupled with electrochemical detection. The results indicated that nBt-ext BM significantly (p < 0.001) decreased locomotor activity in both the saline and morphine treated groups. Additionally, nBt-ext BM significantly lowered morphine-induced dopamine (DA), dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-H1AA) upsurges in the striatum but failed to affect DA, 5-HT and their metabolites in the saline treated group. These findings suggest that nBt-ext BM has an antidopaminergic/serotonergic effect and may have potential beneficial effects in the treatment of morphine dependence. 相似文献
86.
Mamun-Al Mahtab Salimur Rahman Mobin Khan Md.Fazal Karim 《Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International》2009,(1)
BACKGROUND:Acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF) is common in Bangladesh.Acute viral E hepatitis is sporadically encountered in this country each year,with a rising incidence in the rainy season.This study aimed to identify the etiology of ACLF in Bangladesh. METHODS:In this retrospective study,69 ACLF patients were included.They presented to our department at the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University in Dhaka.History of diseases was recorded and appropriate investigations were conducted in all patient... 相似文献
87.
McNair ED Wells CR Qureshi AM Basran RS Pearce C Orvold J Devilliers J Prasad K 《The International journal of angiology》2009,18(4):187-192
BACKGROUND:
Interaction of the receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGEs) with advanced glycation end products (AGEs) results in expression of inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α] and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 [sVCAM-1]), activation of nuclear factor-kappa B and induction of oxidative stress – all of which have been implicated in atherosclerosis. Soluble RAGE (sRAGE) acts as a decoy for the RAGE ligand and is protective against atherosclerosis.OBJECTIVES:
To determine whether levels of serum sRAGE are lower, and whether levels of serum AGEs, TNF-α and sVCAM-1 are higher in non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients than in healthy control subjects; and whether sRAGE or the ratio of AGEs to sRAGE (AGEs/sRAGE) is a predictor/biomarker of NSTEMI.METHODS:
Serum levels of sRAGE, AGEs, TNF-α and sVCAM-1 were measured in 46 men with NSTEMI and 28 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Angiography was performed in the NSTEMI patients.RESULTS:
sRAGE levels were lower, and levels of AGEs, TNF-α, sVCAM-1 and AGEs/sRAGE were higher in NSTEMI patients than in control subjects. sRAGE levels were negatively correlated with the number of diseased coronary vessels, serum AGEs, AGEs/sRAGE, TNF-α and sVCAM-1. The sensitivity of the AGEs/sRAGE test is greater than that of the sRAGE test, while the specificity and predictive values of the sRAGE test are greater than those of the AGEs/sRAGE test for identifying NSTEMI patients.CONCLUSIONS:
Serum levels of sRAGE were low in NSTEMI patients, and were negatively correlated with extent of lesion, inflammatory mediators, AGEs and AGEs/sRAGE. Both sRAGE and AGEs/sRAGE may serve as biomarkers/predictors for identifying NSTEMI patients. 相似文献88.
89.
Estrella VC Eder AM Liu S Pustilnik TB Tabassam FH Claret FX Gallick GE Mills GB Wiener JR 《International journal of oncology》2007,31(2):441-449
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is an important intercellular signaling molecule involved in a myriad of biological responses. Elevated concentrations of LPA are present in the ascites and plasma of ovarian cancer patients suggesting a role for LPA in the pathophysiology of ovarian cancer. We have demonstrated previously that oleoyl (18:1) LPA at concentrations present in ascites induces the secretion of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) from ovarian cancer cells, possibly linking LPA to cellular invasion. In this study we sought to elucidate which signaling pathway(s) are involved in LPA-mediated secretion of uPA from ovarian cancer cells. Specific inhibitors were utilized to determine if interference with the p38(MAPK), p42/44(MAPK), and PI3K pathways functionally blocked LPA-mediated uPA secretion. LPA stimulation of ovarian cancer cells markedly increased the phosphorylation and activity of p38(MAPK), p42/p44(MAPK), and PI3K. Both tyrosine phosphorylation and Src kinase activity were required for optimal activation of signaling by LPA including phosphorylation of p38(MAPK). Inhibition of p38(MAPK) signaling by SB202190 completely abrogated LPA-induced uPA secretion, while inhibition of the p42/44(MAPK) or PI3K pathways with PD98059 or wortmannin and LY294002, respectively, decreased but did not completely block uPA secretion. In contrast, inhibitors of phospholipase D or the p70S6 kinase pathway did not alter LPA-induced uPA secretion. Further, tyrosine phosphorylation and functional Src were required for optimal uPA secretion. Finally, LPA induces uPA secretion from ovarian cancer cells predominantly through the LPA2 receptor, with LPA3 contributing to this process. These results indicate that the p38(MAPK) signaling pathway is required for optimal LPA-dependent uPA secretion from ovarian cancer cells. 相似文献
90.
Fazal A. Danish Salman S. Koul Fazal R. Subhani Ahmed E. Rabbani Saeeda Yasmin 《Saudi Journal Of Gastroenterology》2010,16(1):51-56
Thrombocytopenia is a common clinical problem in HCV-infected cases. Multiple studies have consistently shown a rise in platelet count following a successful HCV treatment thus proving a cause-effect relationship between the two. Although, many therapeutic strategies have been tried in the past to treat HCV-related thrombocytopenia (e.g. interferon dose reductions, oral steroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, splenectomy etc), the success rates have been variable and not always reproducible. After the cessation of clinical trials of PEG-rHuMGDF due to immunogenecity issues, the introduction of non-immunogenic second-generation thrombopoietin-mimetics (eltrombopag and Romiplostim) has opened up a novel way to treat HCV-related thrombocytopenia. Although the data is still sparse, eltrombopag therapy has shown to successfully achieve the primary endpoint platelet counts of ≥50,000/μL in phase II & III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. Likewise, though it is premature to claim safety of this drug especially in high-risk patient groups, reported side effects in the published literature were of insufficient severity to require discontinuation of the drug. Based on the current and emerging evidence, a review of the pharmacologic basis, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic efficacy, safety profile and future considerations of eltrombopag in the context of HCV-related thrombocytopenia is given in this article. A MEDLINE search was conducted (1990 to August 2009) using the search terms eltrombopag, HCV, thrombocytopenia. 相似文献