Prognose der postoperativen Endophthalmitis

Fragestellung: Im Rahmen einer retrospektiven Studie sollte das Patientengut mit postoperativer Endophthalmitis bezüglich prognostischer Gesichtspunkte ausgewertet werden.     

Randomized Autocontrolled Comparison of the Embryo Culture Performance of Nunc and Falcon Petri Dishes

Purpose:Our purpose was to compare the embryo culture performance of two types of petri dishes (Nunc and Falcon).Methods:Mouse zygotes were cultured up to the expanded blastocyst stage in both types of dishes. The oocytes from 50 in vitro fertilization cycles were randomly divided between the two types of dishes. Fertilization, cleavage, and embryo quality were compared. Oocytes from another 50 cycles were all cultured at random in either type of dish. Pregnancy and implantation rates were compared between the two types.Results:Of 91 mouse zygotes, 81 cleaved to two-cell-stage embryos, and 64 became expanded blastocysts in Falcon dishes; of 99 zygotes, 81 cleaved to two-cell-stage embryos and 66 became expanded blastocysts in Nunc dishes. Of 248 oocyte–cumulus complexes (OCC), 145 fertilized in Falcon dishes, and of 269 OCC, 175 fertilized in Nunc dishes. The high quality embryo ratio was 51 out of 118 in Falcon dishes, not different from that in Nunc dishes, 58 out of 139. In Falcon dishes 72 out of 118 embryos were at least at the four-cell stage after 45 hr, versus 70 out of 139 in Nunc dishes. Twenty-three clinical pregnancies were obtained in the first 50 cycles with sibling oocytes. In the second group, with randomization of the cycles between Nunc and Falcon, 8 pregnancies were obtained in the Nunc and 10 in the Falcon dishes. The implantation rate in this second group of 50 cycles was 9 out of 61 in Falcon and 11 out of 57 in Nunc dishes.Conclusions:No differences were observed.     

Inhomogeneity in response to air pollution in European children (PEACE project)

OBJECTIVES: The PEACE study is a multicentre panel study of the acute effects of particles with a 50% cut off aerodynamic diameter of 10 microns (PM10), black smoke (BS), sulphur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on respiratory health of children with chronic respiratory symptoms. In the complete panels no consistent association between air pollution and respiratory health was found. The study evaluated whether potentially more sensitive subgroups in the panels did show effects of air pollution. METHODS: To evaluate heterogeneity in response to air pollution, effect estimates of air pollution on peak expiratory flow (PEF) and respiratory symptoms were calculated in subgroups based on presence of chronic respiratory symptoms, use of respiratory medication, atopy, sex, and baseline lung function. RESULTS: The association between PEF and air pollution was positive in asthmatic children who used respiratory medication whereas the associations tended to be negative in children who did not use respiratory medication selected only on cough. No consistent association was found among asthmatic children who did not use medication. The association between daily prevalence of symptoms and concentrations of air pollution was not different between these subgroups. CONCLUSION: None of the predefined potentially more sensitive subgroups showed a consistent association between air pollution, PEF, and respiratory symptoms.