SolEmuls® Technology: A Way to Overcome the Drawback of Parenteral Administration of Insoluble Drugs

In this article, a nanosuspension of AmB was prepared and mixed with the preformed parenteral emulsion Lipofundin® and subjected to high-pressure homogenization (SolEmuls® technology). Characterization was performed by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), laser diffractometry (LD), and zeta potential measurements. Drug incorporation was studied by using light microscopy. The produced emulsions were further investigated by comparing them with the commercially available Fungizone® in regard to antifungal efficiency and toxicity. Results suggest that through the SolEmuls® process the AmB forms a reservoir, out of which it is released in such a manner that it is more efficient and less toxic than Fungizone®.     

Genotype of the cystic fibrosis population of the Hunter Region of New South Wales

Objective : To determine the genotype of patients attending the cystic fibrosis clinic at John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia.
Methodology : Seventy-five of the 76 patients attending the clinic over a 6 month period had blood collected for genetic analysis of 17 of the cystic fibrosis (CF) gene mutations.
Results : Sixty-one per cent of the patients were homozygous for the ΔF508 mutation and all except one child had at least one ΔF508 mutation.
Discussion : Nearly 80% of the CF genes were the ΔF508 mutation. This prevalence suggests that the obligatory false negative rate of a newborn screening programme for CF based on a combination of immunoreactive trypsin and the ΔF508 gene may be as low as 4-5%.     

妊娠诱发先天异常输尿管结石梗阻1例

1病例报告女,26岁.因孕5 mo余,右腰腹部间断性疼痛3 d伴高烧,于2004-05-27急诊入本院泌尿外科.患者疼痛难忍,向右下腹放射,间歇性,无恶心呕吐,无尿急、尿频、尿痛,伴发热,体温最高可达40℃,既往无泌尿系患病史.查体: T 40℃,P 110次/min,BP 16/10 kPa,R 21次/min.痛苦面容,心肺正常,右肾区及右输尿管走行区扣击痛.     

阿司匹林与埃索美拉唑合用较氯吡格雷减少高危患者再次溃疡出血的发生

问题：在有阿司匹林诱发溃疡出血史的患者中，用氯毗格雷预防溃疡出血复发，是否不次于小剂量阿司匹林加埃索美拉唑？[编者按]     

新型缓释辅料甲壳胺的研究 Ⅱ甲壳胺对不同性质药物的适应性的研究

目的：考察甲壳胺对不同性质药物的适应性。方法：选择了盐酸麻黄碱,盐酸心得安,卡马西平,磺胺嘧啶,阿司匹林,法莫替丁,朴热息痛,潘生丁,茶碱,炎痛喜康,水杨酸等不同性质的１１种药物,以甲胺为阻滞剂,制备了缓释型骨架片溶出效果。结果：甲壳胺的缓释作用随药物碱性增强,分子量增大,溶解度降低而增强,结论：甲 胺对不同性质的药物均有一定缓释作用。     

Mutations in the C-terminal domain of Sonic Hedgehog cause holoprosencephaly

Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is the most common brain anomaly in humans, involving abnormal formation and septation of the developing central nervous system. Among the heterogeneous causes of HPE, mutations in the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) gene have been shown to result in an autosomal dominant form of the disorder. Here we describe a total of five different mutations in the processing domain encoded by exon 3 of SHH in familial and sporadic HPE. This is the first instance in humans where SHH mutations in the domain responsible for autocatalytic cleavage and cholesterol modification of the N-terminal signaling domain of the protein have been observed.      

Vascular remodeling process in reversibility of pulmonary arterial hypertension secondary to congenital heart disease

Pulmonary vascular remodeling process was analyzed using morphometry in lung biopsy specimens taken from 26 children, aged 6 to 160 months, who had congenital heart disease and significant pulmonary arterial hypertension. Reparative surgery was performed in 22 patients and palliative surgery was performed in four patients. One patient expired postoperatively and four others after hospital discharge. Vascular remodeling examination revealed a characteristic pathological picture: pronounced medial thickening with increased collagen content (fibrosis), without significant arterial intimal proliferation. At a mean follow-up of 44 months, 72% of the survivors were asymptomatic with no medication. Diagnosed by echocardiogram, 22% of these patients were shown to have pulmonary arterial hypertension. The characteristic pathological features described above occurred in 38% of the patients who either expired or had pulmonary hypertension postoperatively. These findings were an aid to identifying a high risk group in which the outcome does not meet expectations for the classical grade I and II changes. We concluded that the presence of isolated medial thickening does not ensure either survival or a normal postoperative pulmonary arterial pressure at late follow-up and that the collagen content can be a better reference for good outcome. Early intracardiac repair is recommended before the development of significant medial fibrosis.     

Human chorionic gonadotrophin-beta gene sequences in women with disorders of HCG production

Women with recurrent abortion, primary unexplained infertility, and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) manifest disordered human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) secretion. Mutations in the HCG beta/luteinizing hormone (LH) beta gene complex could cause aberrant HCG production in these disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine whether HCG beta gene deletions occur in women with recurrent abortion or primary unexplained infertility, and whether HCG beta gene duplications are present in women with GTN. DNA was extracted from 10 patients with unexplained recurrent abortion, 10 patients with unexplained primary infertility, 12 patients with GTN, three partners of women with GTN, and 30 controls. Southern blots were constructed and hybridized with DNA probes for HCG beta-5 and the LH beta gene. No gene deletions were identified in patients with recurrent abortion or primary unexplained infertility. Likewise, no gene duplications were identified in women with GTN. A previously described Mbol restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was identified in both patients and controls. A new Pstl RFLP was also characterized, but was present in patients and controls. Deletion/duplication mutations in the HCG beta/LH beta gene complex do not appear to be common causes of aberrant HCG production in humans with these disorders.