固相萃取-HPLC法同时测定盐酸帕洛诺司琼注射液中6种杂质

目的：固相萃取—高效液相色谱法同时测定盐酸帕洛诺司琼注射液中差向异构体、对映异构体、氮氧杂质等6种杂质的含量。方法：样品经1 mol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液调节pH,经Agilent Bond Elut C8固相萃取柱（200 mg,3 mL）去除大部分基质干扰,实现净化与富集,再用乙醇洗脱得到富集物。采用USP40盐酸帕洛诺司琼原料药已知杂质测定方法,以Astec CHIROBIOTIC?誖V（250 mm × 4.6 mm,5 μm）为色谱柱对其进行分离检测。结果：6种杂质在0.2~4.3 μg·mL-1范围内线性良好,相关系数r≥0.999 5,方法的检测限为0.056~0.065 μg·mL-1,低、中、高3个浓度的加样回收率为90.60%~105.7%。结论：本方法可用于同时检测盐酸帕洛诺司琼注射液中的6种杂质。     

MicroRNA-328 as a regulator of cardiac hypertrophy

Cardiac hypertrophy is a primary predictor of progressive heart disease that often results in heart failure. Growing evidence has demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in regulating cardiac hypertrophy. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of miR-328 on cardiac hypertrophy and the potential molecular mechanisms. We found that transgenic overexpression of miR-328 in the heart induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice, which was accompanied by reduced SERCA2a level increased intracellular calcium concentration and calcineurin protein level, and enhanced NFATc3 nuclear translocation. However, normalization of miR-328 level by its antisense chemically modified with locked nucleic acid (LNA-antimiR-328) reversed the changes. Forced expression of miR-328 resulted in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in cultured neonatal rat ventricular cells, which was accompanied by downregulation of SERCA2a expression and activation of the calcineurin/NFATc3 signaling pathway. These changes were abolished by LNA-antimiR-328. We validated the SERCA2a as a direct target for miR-328. MiR-328 expression was upregulated in cardiomyocyte treated with isoproterenol (ISO) to induce hypertrophy; while knockdown of miR-328 attenuated the hypertrophic responses. The level of miR-328 was significantly elevated in a mouse model of hypertrophy by thoracic aortic banding (TAC). Consistently, SERCA2a was downregulated, whereas calcineurin were upregulated, and NFATc3 nuclear translocation was enhanced. In contrast, hypertrophy in these mice was significantly alleviated when treated with miR-328 antisense. MiR-328 promotes cardiac hypertrophy by targeting SERCA2a. Our study therefore uncovered a novel molecular mechanism for cardiac hypertrophy and indicated miR-328 as a potential therapeutic target for this cardiac condition.     

Progesterone affects sex differentiation and alters transcriptional of genes along circadian rhythm signaling and hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal axes in juvenile Yellow River Carp (Cyprinus carpio var.)

Progesterone (P4) is a biologically active steroid hormone that is involved in the regulation of oocyte growth and maturation, as well as development of the endometrium and implantation in the uterus of humans. It can also stimulate oocyte maturation in female fish, as well as spermatogenesis and sperm motility in male fish. Thus, P4 has been extensively used in human and animal husbandry as a typical progestin. However, P4 remaining in the water environment will pose a potential hazard to aquatic organisms. For example, it can interfere with sex differentiation and reproduction in aquatic vertebrates such as fish. Therefore, we investigated the effects of prolonged progesterone exposure on the expression of genes related to circadian rhythm signaling and the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal (HPG) axes in Yellow River Carp, which may have a potential impact on their sex differentiation. Our results suggested that P4 exposure altered the expression of genes related to circadian rhythm signaling, which can lead to disorders in the endocrine system and regulate the HPG axes‐related activities. Furthermore, the expression of genes related to the HPG axes was also altered, which might affect gonadal development and the reproductive systems of Yellow River Carp. In addition, these changes may provide a plausible mechanism for the observed shifts in their sex ratio toward females.     

The relationship between quantitative epicardial adipose tissue based on CT and coronary artery disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a kind of visceral adipose tissue with close proximity to coronary artery and myocardium, which can secrete cell factor, and influence the physiological function and pathophysiological process of myocardium and coronary artery. Clinical imaging diagnosis showed that the volume and thickness of EAT exists a certain relevance with coronary artery disease, but it lacked evidence of evidence-based medicine. The research on the implementation of this program will systematically evaluate the relationship of computed tomography (CT) quantitative EAT and coronary artery disease.Method:The English databases (Embase, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science) and Chinese database (CNKI, Wanfang, China biomedical database, VIP) of computer retrieval has collected the case control clinical study of relationship between EAT and coronary artery disease from the establishment of the database to October 2020, which was conducted extraction and quality evaluation by 2 researchers independently for data included in the study, and was conducted Meta-analysis for the included literature by adopting RevMan5.3 software.Result:The research evaluated the correlation between EAT and coronary artery disease through the EAT thickness, EAT volume, and other indexes.Conclusion:The research has provided reliable evidence-based evidence for the correlation between CT EAT quantification and coronary artery disease.Ethics and dissemination:We will not publish private information from individuals. This kind of systematic review does not involve harming the rights of participants. No ethical approval was required. The results can be published in peer-reviewed journals or at relevant conferences.OSF Registration number:DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/DVQNE     

Music intervention improves the physical and mental status for patients with breast cancer: A protocol of randomized controlled trial

Background:Breast cancer is the most familiar cancer and the major cause of the cancer death in women worldwide. The breast cancer patients may suffer from severe mental and physical trauma. At present, there are few studies on the music therapy for patients with breast cancer. The objective of our paper is to assess the effect of music intervention on mental and physical state of breast cancer patients.Methods:The experiment will be implemented from June 2021 to June 2022 at Jinan Central Hospital. The experiment was granted through the Research Ethics Committee of Jinan Central Hospital (no.08847765). The inclusion criteria requires that the age of female patients ranges from 25 to 65 years old, and the pathological diagnosis of breast cancer requires radical mastectomy (containing extensive radical mastectomy and modified radical mastectomy). Patients who do not like to listen to music or have severe debilitating diseases or are allergic to the sound will be excluded. Patients in the intervention group are given music intervention, and in control group, patients do not receive any information about the music therapy in the period of this study. The primary outcome is quality of life, psychological distress. The secondary outcomes are the heart rate, blood pressure, as well as Visual Analog Scale (VAS).Results:Table 1 will illustrate the postoperative outcomes after music interventions between groups.Conclusion:Music intervention can improve the mental and physical health of the breast cancer patients.Trial registration:This study protocol was registered in Research Registry (researchregistry6168).     

Cells infected with herpes simplex virus 1 export to uninfected cells exosomes containing STING,viral mRNAs,and microRNAs

STING (stimulator of IFN genes) activates the IFN-dependent innate immune response to infection on sensing the presence of DNA in cytosol. The quantity of STING accumulating in cultured cells varies; it is relatively high in some cell lines [e.g., HEp-2, human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HEL), and HeLa] and low in others (e.g., Vero cells). In a preceding publication we reported that STING was stable in four cell lines infected with herpes simplex virus 1 and that it was actively stabilized in at least two cell lines derived from human cancers. In this report we show that STING is exported from HEp-2 cells to Vero cells along with virions, viral mRNAs, microRNAs, and the exosome marker protein CD9. The virions and exosomes copurified. The quantity of STING and CD9 exported from one cell line to another was inoculum-size–dependent and reflected the levels of STING and CD9 accumulating in the cells in which the virus inoculum was made. The export of STING, an innate immune sensor, and of viral mRNAs whose major role may be in silencing viral genes in latently infected neurons, suggests that the virus has evolved mechanisms that curtail rather than foster the spread of infection under certain conditions.The stimulator of IFN genes (STING) is a sensor of cytoplasmic DNA and activates immune responses to intracellular pathogens (1–3). Knockout of STING exacerbates the pathogenicity of herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) and of other pathogens in mice (2, 3). Two observations reported earlier add to the role of STING in HSV-1 infected cells. Specifically, (i) STING was readily detectable and stable in four different cell lines infected with wild-type virus (4). The stability of STING in cells infected with an HSV-1 mutant lacking the gene encoding ICP0 (infected cell protein no. 0), a key viral regulatory protein, varied. STING was stable in ΔICP0 mutant virus infected cells derived from normal tissues but was rapidly degraded in infected cells derived from human cancers (4). Implicit in this observation is that ICP0 is required to stabilize STING, although STING could also be stabilized in the absence of ICP0 by a cellular function. (ii) Depletion of STING increased wild-type virus yield 10-fold in cells derived from normal tissues but decreased the yield by the same amount in cells derived from human cancer (4). Thus, at least in cells derived from normal tissues, HSV-1 expresses ICP0 that enables the stabilization of STING even though STING is inimical to virus growth. The results of these studies suggest that HSV-1 recruits STING for a specific function, even though the persistence of STING is not beneficial to virus growth, at least in cells derived from normal tissues (4).Here we report that STING, along with viral RNAs contained in structures that coprecipitate with exosome marker proteins, is exported from the cells in which virus is produced to uninfected cells. The quantities introduced into uninfected cells are dose-dependent and reflect the amounts produced in donor cells.Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, macromolecular complexes, and small molecules into the extracellular space (5, 6). Of the secreted microvesicles, exosomes are 30–120 nm in diameter, containing nucleic acid and proteins, and are perceived to be carriers of this cargo between diverse locations. They are distinguished in their genesis by being budded into endosomes to form multivesicular bodies (MVBs) in the cytoplasm. The exosomes are released to extracellular fluids by fusion of these multivesicular bodies with the cell surface, resulting in secretion (7–10).Several pathogens use the exosomes to manipulate their microenvironment (11, 12). Viruses, especially small retroviruses such as HIV, use the exosome pathway for egress and immune evasion (13–15). The hepatitis C virus uses exosomes for invasion and spread (16–18). EBV-infected cells release exosomes containing the latent membrane protein 1 to induce T-cell anergy (19–23). In the case of human cytomegalovirus the exosomes carrying viral antigens exacerbate the transplant rejection process (24). It is likely that viruses that establish long-term, latent, or chronic infections modulate exosomes to enhance their persistence (11).Here we report that the exosomes secreted by HSV-1–infected cells deliver to uninfected cells the innate immune sensor STING along with viral RNAs. We speculate that in the long run the strategy serves the virus to fulfill its mission: to spread effectively from person to person.     

股骨颈骨折内固定失败后行全髋关节置换术治疗的效果分析

目的分析探讨股骨颈骨折内固定失败后行全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)治疗的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2019年1月南阳市骨科医院关节科收治的股骨颈骨折内固定失败后行THA治疗的36例患者的病历资料,对比THA治疗前后髋关节Harris评分及简明健康状况调查量表(SF-36)评分变化情况,评估患者髋关节功能及生活质量。结果治疗后6个月患者髋关节Harris评分为(66.21±6.42)分,治疗后12个月为(88.45±7.19)分,均明显高于治疗前的(43.11±7.25)分(t=14.310、26.640,P均=0.000);治疗后12个月,患者简明健康状况调查量表(SF-36)中的躯体功能、躯体疼痛、生理职能、社会功能、精神健康、情感职能、精力、一般健康状况评分均明显高于治疗前(t=12.790、22.190、7.367、12.760、12.630、6.332、12.160、12.160,P均=0.000)。结论股骨颈骨折内固定失败后予以THA治疗,能够有效提高患者的髋关节功能及生活质量,临床应用价值较高。