Multiple cutaneous osteomas of the face associated with chronic inflammatory acne

Multiple miliary osteoma cutis of the face represents a rare and frequently unrecognized complication of chronic inflammatory acne. Their differentiation from microcomedones and macrocomedones may be challenging. The case of a 46-year-old Asian woman who suffered from chronic inflammatory acne is described. She had multiple papular lesions of the cheeks that did not respond to various topical and systemic therapies including oral isotretinoin. Light microscopy studies as well as ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) scan investigations demonstrated the presence of multiple osteoma cutis. Needle microincisions followed by mechanical extirpation of the bony formation resulted in a considerable cosmetic improvement of her skin disease. Knowledge of this rare complication of acne is mandatory, as its treatment is different from that of retentional and inflammatory acne and frequently relies on surgical modalities. Our novel technique consisting of needle microincisions with curettage of the lesions is simple and safe, leading to good cosmetic results.     

Salivary secretion, mucin concentrations and candida carriage in HIV-infected patients

Objectives:  To test whether the submandibular/sublingual (SMSL) salivary secretion, mucin concentration and candida carriage status were altered in human immunodeficiency virus-positive (HIV+) patients.
Subjects and methods:  SMSL saliva collected from 48 HIV-infected and 31 HIV-negative men were analyzed for flow rates, total protein and mucin concentrations. Salivary cultures were performed for Candida assessment.
Results:  The salivary flow rate and protein secretion of the HIV+ patients was 37% and 32% less than that of the controls ( P  <   0.0001, P  =   0.0087). The mucin concentrations (MG1 and MG2) were higher in the HIV+ subjects compared with controls ( P  =   0.0186, P  =   0.0014); however, the mucin secretions were not different. The frequency of Candida -positive cultures was higher in the HIV+ subjects than in the controls (61.4% vs 24.1%, P  =   0.0018). In the HIV-infected group, the unstimulated SMSL flow rates were lower in Candida -positive than in Candida -negative patients ( P  =   0.0158).
Conclusion:  The salivary secretion of the SMSL glands was reduced in HIV infection. Although the mucin concentration increased in HIV+ subjects, mucin secretion was not altered. Highly active antiviral therapy had no effect on salivary function. We found an association between the level of candida carriage and salivary flow rate in HIV-infected patients.     

完全型大动脉转位患儿冠状动脉的术前超声心动图分型

目的 利用多普勒超声心动图分析动脉调转手术(ASO)术前大动脉转位(TGA)患儿冠状动脉解剖类型,探讨其检查方法.方法 回顾分析164例TGA患儿ASO术前的超声心动图检查资料.结果 164例患儿中,正常冠状动脉124例(75.61%),异常40例(24.39%).17例冠状动脉起源于单个冠状动脉窦,为所有畸形中比例最高者(42.50%).术前超声与手术的诊断符合率可达93.29%.结论 超声心动图可于ASO术前比较准确地检出TGA 患儿的冠状动脉畸形,有利于确定冠状动脉移植方法.     

Extreme loss of immunoreactive p-Akt and p-Erk1/2 during routine fixation of primary breast cancer

Introduction  

Very few studies have investigated whether the time elapsed between surgical resection and tissue fixation or the difference between core-cut and excision biopsies impact on immunohistochemically measured biomarkers, including phosphorylated proteins in primary breast cancer. The aim of this study was to characterise the differences in immunoreactivity of common biomarkers that may occur (1) as a result of tissue handling at surgery and (2) between core-cuts and resected tumours.