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41.
Although a substantial body of literature has established a relationship between cue reactivity and theoretically relevant addiction variables, the association with treatment process variables remains largely unexplored. In the current investigation, 62 smokers participated in a smoking cue reactivity study, and subsequently enrolled in a smoking cessation program. Hierarchical regressions revealed mean heart rate during the cue presentation phase of the laboratory-based assessment predicted final session smoking rate and expired CO level. Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire score also predicted final session smoking rate. To the extent that rate reduction serves as an index of treatment progress, it may be of value in future cue reactivity research. 相似文献
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43.
S R Ganti A J Silver P Diefenbach S K Hilal M E Mawad P Sane 《AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology》1983,4(3):819-821
The primitive neuroectodermal tumor is a neoplasm of young individuals that occurs predominantly in the supratentorial compartment. It appears on computed tomography as a bulky mass, often with calcification with predominantly homogeneous enhancement but on occasion with cystic or necrotic areas. Cerebrospinal fluid seeding was observed in more than half the cases in our series. The patients had a short survival period (7-24 months). Despite surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, further growth of this tumor has not been prevented. 相似文献
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45.
V L Diefenbach 《Journal of the Irish Dental Association》1966,12(5):130-132
46.
Diefenbach MA Mohamed NE Butz BP Bar-Chama N Stock R Cesaretti J Hassan W Samadi D Hall SJ 《Journal of medical Internet research》2012,14(1):e6-Feb;14(1):e6
Background
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer affecting men in the United States. Management options for localized disease exist, yet an evidence-based criterion standard for treatment still has to emerge. Although 5-year survival rates approach 98%, all treatment options carry the possibility for significant side effects, such as erectile dysfunction and urinary incontinence. It is therefore recommended that patients be actively involved in the treatment decision process. We have developed an Internet/CD-ROM-based multimedia Prostate Interactive Educational System (PIES) to enhance patients’ treatment decision making. PIES virtually mirrors a health center to provide patients with information about prostate cancer and its treatment through an intuitive interface, using videos, animations, graphics, and texts.Objectives
(1) To examine the acceptability and feasibility of the PIES intervention and to report preliminary outcomes of the program in a pilot trial among patients with a new prostate cancer diagnosis, and (2) to explore the potential impact of tailoring PIES treatment information to participants’ information-seeking styles on study outcomes.Methods
Participants (n = 72) were patients with newly diagnosed localized prostate cancer who had not made a treatment decision. Patients were randomly assigned to 3 experimental conditions: (1) control condition (providing information through standard National Cancer Institute brochures; 26%), and PIES (2) with tailoring (43%) and (3) without tailoring to a patient’s information-seeking style (31%). Questionnaires were administrated before (t1) and immediately after the intervention (t2). Measurements include evaluation and acceptability of the PIES intervention, monitoring/blunting information-seeking style, psychological distress, and decision-related variables (eg, decisional confidence, feeling informed about prostate cancer and treatment, and treatment preference).Results
The PIES program was well accepted by patients and did not interfere with the clinical routine. About 79% of eligible patients (72/91) completed the pre- and post-PIES intervention assessments. Patients in the PIES groups compared with those in the control condition were significantly more likely to report higher levels of confidence in their treatment choices, higher levels of helpfulness of the information they received in making a treatment decision, and that the information they received was emotionally reassuring. Patients in the PIES groups compared with those in the control condition were significantly less likely to need more information about treatment options, were less anxious about their treatment choices, and thought the information they received was clear (P < .05). Tailoring PIES information to information-seeking style was not related to decision-making variables.Conclusions
This pilot study confirms that the implementation of PIES within a clinical practice is feasible and acceptable to patients with a recent diagnosis of prostate cancer. PIES improved key decision-making process variables and reduced the emotional impact of a difficult medical decision. 相似文献47.
Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Inflammatory bowel disease is an important cause of gastrointestinal pathology in children and adolescents. The incidence of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease is increasing; therefore, it is important for the clinician to be aware of the presentation of this disease in the pediatric population. Laboratory tests, radiology studies, and endoscopic procedures are helpful in diagnosing inflammatory bowel disease and differentiating between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Once diagnosed, the goal of medical management is to induce remission of disease while minimizing the side effects of the medication. Specific attention needs to be paid to achieving normal growth in this susceptible population. Surgical management is usually indicated for failure of medical management, complication, or malignancy. Algorithms for diagnostic evaluation and treatment of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease are presented. The specific psychosocial issues facing these patients are also discussed in this review as are the future goals of research in the complex problem of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. 相似文献
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49.
Robert Baird Dave R. Lal Robert L. Ricca Karen A. Diefenbach Cynthia D. Downard Julia Shelton Stig Sømme Julia Grabowski Tolulope A Oyetunji Regan F. Williams Tim Jancelewicz Roshni Dasgupta L. Grier Arthur Akemi L. Kawaguchi Yigit S. Guner Ankush Gosain Robert L. Gates Juan E. Sola Adam Goldin 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2019,54(4):675-687