Effect of midazolam on delirium in critically ill patients: a propensity score analysis

ObjectiveTo observe the association between exposure to midazolam within 24 hours prior to delirium assessment and the risk of delirium.MethodsWe performed a systematic cohort study with two sets of cohorts to estimate the relative risks of outcomes among patients administered midazolam within 24 hours prior to delirium assessment. Propensity score matching was performed to generate a balanced 1:1 matched cohort and identify potential prognostic factors. The outcomes included the odds of delirium, mortality, length of intensive care unit stay, length of hospitalization, and odds of being discharged home.ResultsA total of 78,364 patients were included in this study, of whom 22,159 (28.28%) had positive records. Propensity matching successfully balanced covariates for 9348 patients (4674 per group). Compared with no administration of midazolam, midazolam administration was associated with a significantly higher risk of delirium, higher mortality, and a longer intensive care unit stay. Patients treated with midazolam were relatively less likely to be discharged home. There was no significant difference in hospitalization duration.ConclusionsMidazolam may be an independent risk factor for delirium in critically ill patients.     

Characteristics of abnormal serum creatine kinase-MB levels in children with COVID-19

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)targets angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 on host cells and attacks various tissues including the heart...     

腺病毒7型急性呼吸道感染暴发流行的流行病学调查

目的调查某单位由腺病毒7型引发的呼吸道传染病疫情。方法用现场流行病学调查、临床检查和实验室检测等方法,对1起由腺病毒7型引发的呼吸道传染病疫情进行调查。结果 2013年1月13日～2013年2月4日,共有1400人的某单位突发呼吸道传染病疫情,其中440例（31.43%）出现急性呼吸道感染,主要症状有咳嗽（95.45%）,381例有咽痛（86.59%）,375例咳白痰（85.23%）;全部有咽部充血;白细胞计数在（4.00～9.00）×109/L范围内有283例（64.32%）;肝功异常36例（8.18%）;肺炎支原体抗体阳性患者74例（16.82%）;存在肺部CT异常266例（60.45%）;腺病毒基因阳性111份（25.23%）,其中82份（73.87%）标本的反应产物经测序证实为腺病毒7型。均经过抗感染及抗病毒治疗好转出院。结论此次疫情主要是由腺病毒7型引发的急性呼吸道感染,具有传播快、感染率高的特点,多为轻症呼吸道症状。     

富氧水对高原移居青年心肺功能的影响

目的：探讨在高原服用富氧水对移居青年心肺功能的影响。方法：对进驻海拔3700m1年的10名青年在服用富氧水前和服用富氧水（每次500mL,一日2次）15天后分别用EGM-II型踏车功量计做坐位踏车运动,初始负荷功率为50W,每3min递增50W,以60r/min连续踏车至200W,3min后终止。用直线回归法计算每位受试者功率200W时的心率（HR）及血氧饱和度（SaO2）,记录运动终止5min后恢复HR,按公式计算心功能指数。结果：服用富氧水15天后,心功能指数增高,功率200W时SaO2增高;功率200W时的HR和运动终止5min恢复HR降低,差别有非常显著性意义（P〈0.01）。结论：服用富氧水能提高高原移居青年的心肺功能。     

磁共振成像动态增强技术鉴别青年乳腺癌的研究

目的探讨磁共振成像(MRI)动态增强技术对青年乳腺癌的诊断价值,以期提高青年乳腺癌的检出率。方法回顾分析58例经手术病理证实的青年女性乳腺疾病的MRI影像检查资料,包括恶性病变42个,良性病变27个。比较青年乳腺良恶性病变的MRI各种征象,包括形态学及血流动力学特点,计算病变的早期强化率,绘制时间-信号强度曲线,探讨这些指标的诊断价值。结果青年乳腺良性病变多呈类圆形或分叶状,边缘光整,无毛刺,边界清晰,强化均匀,时间-信号强度曲线多为Ⅰ型;恶性病变多呈不规则形结节或肿块,边缘不规则或呈星芒状,边界不清,强化不均匀,部分呈典型环形强化或填充型环形强化,时间-信号强度曲线多为Ⅲ型。早期强化率在青年良恶性病变之间的差异无统计学意义,时间-信号强度曲线类型分布则有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 MRI动态增强技术能满意地显示青年乳腺病变的形态学特征和增强的血流动力学特点,是诊断青年乳腺癌的有效方法。     

新型心肌灌注显像剂^99Tc^m-N-DBODC5诊断冠心病的临床价值

目的 探讨[二（二甲氧丙基膦基乙基）-乙氧乙胺]-[二（氧-乙氧乙基）二硫代氨基]锝氮配合物（^99Tc^m-N-DBODC5）对可疑冠心病患者的临床诊断价值.方法 将2010年10月至2012年10月间46例可疑冠心病患者[男31例,女15例,平均年龄60岁]按就诊先后顺序编号,同一患者随机分配进行^99Tc^m-N-DBODC5和^99Tc^m-MIBI运动-静息MPI检测冠心病及病变血管,2种显像剂的MPI在1周内完成,并在4周内行CAG.以CAG结果为“金标准”,^99Tc^m-N-DBODC5和^99Tc^m-MIBIMPI结果分别与其进行一致性检验,不同显像剂诊断效能的比较行χ^2检验.结果 46例可疑冠心病患者中,CAG阳性29例,阴性17例.^99Tc^m-N-DBODC5和^99Tc^m-MIBI MPI诊断冠心病的灵敏度均为86％ （25/29）,特异性分别为88％（15/17）和65％（11/17）,两者诊断冠心病效能差异无统计学意义（χ^2=2.62,P＞0.05）;138支冠状动脉血管中,CAG阳性48支,阴性90支.^99Tc^m-N-NDBODC5与^99Tc^m-MIBI MPI诊断病变血管效能差异也无统计学意义（χ^2=3.79,P＞0.05）.诊断冠心病方面,^99Tc^m-N-DBODC5 MPI与CAG结果的一致性较好（Kappa=0.73）,^99Tc^m-MIBI MPI与CAG结果的一致性中等（Kappa=0.52）.结论 ^99Tc^m-N-DBODC5对冠心病患者具有一定诊断价值,可作为心肌灌注显像剂应用于临床.     

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization with anticancer drug in iodized oil for primary hepatic carcinoma

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization using a suspension of anticancer drug in iodized oil combined with Gelfoam embolization was performed in 85 patients with advanced primary hepatic carcinoma. Long-term retention of iodized oil in the tumor was observed in 90% of the cases, and changes in tumor size were observable by abdominal X-ray film on follow-up studies. There was a decrease of tumor size in all cases and the overall 1-year survival rate was 43%. In tumors whose diameter was less than 20 cm and in patients without portal vein thrombosis the survival rate was nearly 60%. Combined treatment with anticancer drug in iodized oil and Gelfoam embolization of the proper hepatic artery was superior to use of the suspension alone. There was also better detection of small cancer nodules by the suspension as compared to conventional angiography.     

速效药快速诱导插管在急症饱胃手术中的应用

目的探讨应用速效药快速诱导插管,无正压通气技术在急症饱胃手术中的可行性。方法总结25例急症饱胃患者手术快速诱导插管的经验,即诱导前面罩吸入纯氧5 min后,快速输注胶体300 ml扩容,采用威利方舟TCI-Ⅲ泵于90～120 s恒速泵入预算的丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼混合液。患者睫毛反射消失后静注司可林1.5 mg/kg,同时按压环状软骨,封闭食管,快速诱导期间不实施正压辅助通气。记录诱导用药前(T0)、用药毕(T1)、插管后即刻(T2)及成功5 min后(T3)的心率(HR)、血氧饱和度(SpO2)、血压、心电图(ECG),T2及T3的呼气末CO2分压(PET-CO2)。记录诱导过程中呛咳、呕吐、反流、误吸发生率。结果快速扩容提高了血流动力学的稳定性,预氧显著提高患者SpO2并达到了驱氮的效果。气管插管前后SpO2、BP、HR无显著变化;诱导及插管过程中无缺氧、反流和误吸发生,T2 PET-CO2升高,T3达到正常。结论对非困难气道、无严重心肺疾病的急症饱胃患者,应用速效药快速全麻诱导插管,应用预氧并无正压通气技术是安全、可行的。     

“三镜”联合治疗胆囊合并胆总管结石230例临床分析

目的探讨经十二指肠镜胆管逆行造影／Oddis括约肌切开取石（ERCP／EST）＋腹腔镜胆囊切除（LC）＋腹腔镜胆总管探查取石（LCBDE）联合治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的临床效果和应用价值。方法采用ERCP／EST＋LC＋LCBDE联合治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石230例,ERCP／EST术后0～5d行LC或LC＋LCBDE。结果成功完成“三镜”联合治疗219例,成功率95．2％;LC中转开腹11例,EST取石失败6例,其中5例行LCBDE、1例LC中转开腹＋胆道镜取治愈石,6例胆总管切开取石术后均行一期缝合。出现1例严重并发症,经处理后最终顺利出院。结论ERCP／EST＋LC＋LCBDE联合治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石能达到与开腹手术相同的效果,而且具有微创的特点。