Suppression of alcohol consumption in C57Bl/6 mice after intranasal administration of antiserotonin antibodies

Experiments on C57Bl/6 mice under conditions of free choice between alcohol and water for 10 months showed that intranasal administration with antiserotonin antibodies in doses of 30 and 15 μg/kg for 2 week decreased alcohol consumption over 1 month after treatment. __________ Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 140, No. 12, pp. 639–641, December, 2005     

Effect of Antibodies to Glutamate on the Content of Neurotransmitter Amino Acids in Brain Structures of Rats with Ischemic Damage to the Prefrontal Cortex

Experiments on the model of bilateral photothrombosis in the prefrontal cortex showed that antibodies to glutamate administered intranasally 1 h after ischemic damage to the brain cortex led to a decrease in glutamate content in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex and had no effect on aspartate concentration in these structures of the brain.     

Antiamnestic Effects of Antibodies to Glutamate in Experimental Alzheimer’s Disease

Experiments on rats showed that neurodegenerative brain damage caused by administration of neurotoxic fragment of β-amyloid protein Aβ_25-35 in a dose of 2 μg into Meynert giant cell nucleus leads to long-term memory impairment in rats. Intranasal administration of antibodies to glutamate in a dose of 300 μg/kg 1 h after damage restores learning capacity of the experimental animals in the conditioned passive avoidance paradigm.     

Effect of Antibodies to Glutamate on Retention of Conditioned Passive Avoidance Response in Rats with Ischemic Injury of the Prefrontal Cortex

Experiments were performed on rats with bilateral photothrombosis of vessels in the prefrontal cortex. Intranasal administration of antibodies to glutamate (1 h after ischemia of the brain cortex) improved retention of conditioned passive avoidance response, which was elicited before ischemic damage. The content of antibodies to glutamate in the serum of rats increased significantly on day 8 after bilateral photochemical thrombosis of vessels in the prefrontal cortex compared to that in the control.     

Comparative evaluation of prostaglandins E1 and E2 in patients with hypertension

Changes in ABP, ECG, cerebral and peripheral hemodynamics were examined in 29 patients with second-stage essential hypertension before and within 1 or 2 days after PGE1 and PGE2 infusions administered during follow-up or in the presence of a hypotensive therapy. PGE were shown to be active vasodilators increasing cerebral and peripheral circulation. Vascular PG effects persisted for 1 or 2 days after the administration. Hypertensive patients demonstrated two patterns of hemodynamic response to PGE. The patients with higher total peripheral resistance (TPR) and low stroke and cardiac indices (SI and CI) during follow-up or hypotensive treatment were more sensitive to PGE, their ABP falling because of declining TPR. The patients with high SI and normal or slightly elevated TPR were less sensitive to PGE, their ABP falling mostly at the expense of declining SI. Most patients showed changed end portion of the ventricular complex immediately after PGE administration that vanished within one or two days. In coronary patients, angina of effort occurred less frequently after PGE infusion.     

Rosette formation by human,guinea pig,and rat lymphocytes with spermatozoa

Cells forming rosettes with homologous or heterologous spermatozoa were found in the thymus, spleen, and bone marrow of sexually mature guinea pigs and of 14–30-week-old human fetuses, and also in the peripheral blood of men suffering from sterility. On the development of autoimmune orchitis after measured trauma to the testis in rats or after immunization of guinea pigs with testicular tissue homogenate mixed with Freund's complete adjuvant, cells forming rosettes with spermatozoa were found to appear in the spleen and thymus of the rats, and their number in the lymphoid organs of the guinea pigs increased. These procedures had no effect on the number of cells forming rosettes with sheep red blood cells in the lymphoid organs of rats and guinea pigs. The possible use of this newly discovered ability of human and animal lymphocytes to form spontaneous and immune rosettes with spermatozoa as a means of assessing the degree of differentiation of lymphocytes and of their sensitization to spermatozoal antigens in cases of disturbance of spermatogenesis of autoimmune nature is discussed.Laboratory of Human Embryonic Histogenesis, Institute of Human Morphology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. P. Avtsyn.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 83, No. 4, pp. 464–467, April 1977.     

Phagocytic Activity and State of Bactericidal Systems in Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes from Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

Phagocytic activity of peripheral blood neutrophils underwent phase changes in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Neutrophils retained the ability to engulf microbes, but their digestive activity decreased at the early stage of Alzheimer's disease. At the late stage we observed a decrease in the count of phagocytizing neutrophils, reduction of myeloperoxidase activity, and increase in the content of cationic proteins.     

Autoimmune nature of the disturbance of spermatogenesis in rats with experimental varicocele

Measured disturbance of the venous outflow from the left testis in rats causes the development of destructive changes in the spermatogenic epithelium both in the testis on the side of the operation and also in the contralateral organ. Disturbances of spermatogenesis in rat testes (foci of desquamation of spermatogenic epithelium, disorganization and degeneration of the sex cells, emptying of the seminiferous tubules) are similar to those in men with varicocele, so that the results of such experiments can be regarded as an experimental model of varicocele. In the experimental rats the permeability and fine structure of the blood-testis barrier were disturbed in both testes, the pattern of the morphological changes was similar with that observed during the development of autoimmune orchitis, and lymphocytes sensitized to spermatozoal antigens were found in the lymphoid organs. Taken as a whole, the results suggest involvement of immunologic mechanisms in the development of the pathological changes in the testes in varicocele.Laboratory of Human Embryonic Histogenesis, Institute of Human Morphology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR. Department of Pediatric Surgery, N. I. Pirogov Second Moscow Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. P. Avtsyn.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 87, No. 1, pp. 44–48, January, 1979.