CLINICAL OBSERVATION OF THE THERAPEUTICAL EFFECT OF 32 CASES OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC CHOLECYSTITIS WITH EYE ACUPUNCTURE

32 cases of patients with acute and chronic cholecystitis were treated with eyeacupuncture.The eye points used were Liver Region,Gallbladder Region and Middle Jiao Region.Reinforcing or reducing technique were applied under different conditions,The cure rate was 25％,the markedly effective rate was 31.25％,the effective rate was 28.21％and the ineffective rate was15.6％.The total effective rate was 84.37％.     

Local immunosuppression prolongs survival of RPE xenografts labeled by retroviral gene transfer

PURPOSE: To determine whether local immunosuppression with Cyclosporin A can influence the survival of human fetal retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) xenografts in the rabbit's subretinal space. METHODS: Cultured human fetal RPE cells were transduced with the gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP) using a lentiviral vector. The RPE was transplanted into the subretinal space of rabbits that received intravitreal cyclosporine either by weekly injections (0. 25-0.5 mg) or by slow release (approximately 2 microg/d) from a capsule sutured into the vitreal cavity after prior cryopexy. The transplanted RPE was followed by GFP fluorescence scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and by histology of the transplant site. RESULTS: RPE xenografts in eyes receiving intravitreal cyclosporine survived longer (several months) than they did in control eyes without cyclosporine. Survival was as long with slow release capsules as it was with weekly intravitreal injections at much higher concentrations of cyclosporine. CONCLUSIONS: Local immunosuppression of the eye with cyclosporine prolongs the survival of RPE xenografts in the subretinal space of rabbits, implying that rejection involves activated T lymphocytes. Local immunosuppression with slow release capsules is as effective as weekly injections at much higher concentrations.     

Insulin-induced receptor regulation in early gestation and term human placental cell cultures

Human placentae of different gestational ages have been used to investigate the binding and degradation of insulin as well as the regulation of insulin membrane receptors. Bacitracin was found to be an effective inhibitor of insulin degradation in human early gestation and term placental cell cultures. In the presence of bacitracin, [125I]-insulin bound rapidly and reversibly: maximal binding occurred at 4 degrees C, with a sharp pH optimum at 7.5, and exhibited a high degree of specificity. The extent of binding was proportional to cell protein and [125I]-insulin concentrations. Term (38 to 41 weeks; n = 25) placental cell cultures possessed receptors for insulin that were increased three-fold compared to early gestation (8 to 18 weeks; n = 17). This was due to an increase in receptor number with no significant alteration in affinity. A decrease in insulin binding in both early gestation and term placental cells was related to both the insulin and bacitracin concentrations present during 12 to 20 h of preincubation at 37 degrees C. The receptor loss was due to a decrease in the number of receptors per mg cell protein with no apparent change in their affinity. We conclude that our in vitro system, which utilizes human placental cells in monolayer culture, will permit a more direct study of the metabolic effects of insulin in both early gestation and term placentae.     

放射性碘致大鼠甲状腺损伤超微结构的形态计量学研究

本文应用透射电镜观察了在较低剂量１３１Ｉ作用大鼠甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞超微结构的变化特点，分析了线粒体的变异发生率，并应四川大学研制的ＭＩＡＳ－３００图像分析系统和用形态计量学方法，测定了胞质内粗面内质网的二维和三维形态计量学参数。结果表明：所测的各项参数都有随剂量增高而增大的趋势，并呈现较好的效应剂量依赖关系。由此计算的Ｄ２５值和Ｄ５０值，以粗面内质网体积密度的变化最为明显。提示，低剂量１３１Ｉ作用于滤泡上皮细胞，其早期应重视内质网的损伤效应，以及由此导致合成类固醇激素和外源性蛋白质的障碍     

Long-term arsenic exposure and incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a cohort study in arseniasis-hyperendemic villages in Taiwan

Diabetes prevalence in arseniasis-hyperendemic villages in Taiwan has been reported to be significantly higher than in the general population. The aim of this cohort study was to further evaluate the association between ingested inorganic arsenic and the incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in these villages. A total of 446 nondiabetic residents in these villages were followed biannually by oral glucose tolerance test. Diabetes is defined as a fasting plasma glucose level > or = 7.8 mmol/L and/or a 2-hr post-load glucose level > or = 11.1 mmol/L. During the follow-up period of 1499.5 person-years, 41 cases developed diabetes, showing an overall incidence of 27.4/1,000 person-years. The incidence of diabetes correlated with age, body mass index, and cumulative arsenic exposure. The multivariate-adjusted relative risks were 1.6, 2.3, and 2.1 for age > or = 55 versus < 55 years, a body mass index ¿Greater/Equal to] 25 versus < 25 kg/m(2), and a cumulative arsenic exposure > or = 17 versus < 17 mg/L-years, respectively. The incidence density ratios (95% confidence intervals) between the hyperendemic villages and the two nonendemic control townships were 3.6 (3.5-3.6), 2.3 (1.1-4.9), 4.3 (2.4-7.7), and 5.5 (2.2-13.5), respectively, for the age groups of 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, and 65-74 years. The findings are consistent with our previous cross-sectional observation that ingested inorganic arsenic is diabetogenic in human beings.     

Effect of topical anti-inflammatory drugs on corneal and limbal wound healing

PURPOSE: To examine the effect of topical treatment with either steroidal or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the wound healing of corneal and limbal incisions using histologic criteria. SETTING: Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA. METHODS: Eighteen eyes of 9 cats were used for the study. All right eyes received a temporal limbal incision and the left eyes, a clear corneal incision. All eyes were treated with ofloxacin 0.3% postoperatively for 3 days. The animals were equally divided among 3 groups. Group 1 received topical steroid drops (prednisolone acetate 1%) for 7 days maximum; Group 2 received topical NSAID drops (ketorolac tromethamine 0.5%) for 7 days maximum; Group 3 received no additional treatment. One animal from each group was killed and the eye enucleated 3, 7, or 28 days postoperatively. The eyes were processed for staining with hematoxylin-eosin and smooth muscle actin, and corneal sections were evaluated in a blind fashion by an ophthalmic pathologist. RESULTS: Three and 7 days after surgery (1) the limbal incision exhibited more prominent wound healing than the similarly treated clear corneal incision, and (2) the steroid-treated corneas had less wound healing than untreated or NSAID-treated corneas. At 28 days, the wounds in all eyes were almost completely healed. CONCLUSIONS: Limbal incisions heal faster than clear corneal incisions. Steroids, but not NSAIDs, inhibit wound healing. Cataract surgery using limbal incisions and postoperative topical NSAIDs may result in faster wound healing and provide a reduced risk of related postoperative complications.     

Transitory leukemoid reaction with regressive clonal course in a mongoloid newborn infant

A neonate with Down's syndrome presented with partial blast infiltration that spontaneously regressed without relapse at age 6 months. Sequential cytogenetic studies of cells in blood and bone marrow initially showed presence of a clone with 46 chromosomes and reciprocal translocation of chromosomes 5 and 7. This clone and the hematologic abnormality later disappeared simultaneously. Two explanations may be suggested: a defect in the maturation of normal blasts due to abnormal environment in the bone marrow, or an intrinsic abnormality of hematopoietic cells. The case reported would favor the second hypothesis.     

Case studies in contact burns caused by exhaust pipes of motorcycles

Contact burns caused by the exhaust pipe of motorcycles are rarely reported. We performed retrospective studies of such cases in 78 patients with complete records. The majority of victims were unmarried (75.7%), young (<25 years, 70.5%), and female (69.3%), dressed mostly in short pants or mini skirts (75.7%). The burn accident occurred mostly in late spring and early summer (52.7%), during rush hours (57.7%), and during parking the motorcycles (65.4%). The burn wounds located mostly on the lateral aspect (46.2%) of the lower leg, usually took 3-4 weeks for complete healing. Continuous monitoring of the exhaust pipe and its outside cover on moving motorcycles showed that the temperature reached 170-250 and 40-60 degrees C, respectively.For the prevention of these injuries, our suggestions include well-designed external shield with adequate separation from the exhaust pipe, motorcycle parking lots of adequate width (>120cm), the wearing of trousers by motorcyclists, decrease of the density of motorcycle traffic, and development of the electric assisted cycle in place of the fuel-driven motorcycle.