儿童血友病429例临床回顾分析

目的探讨血友病患儿确诊时间、症状及其关节畸形等情况。 方法天津血液学研究所血液病医院于1986年7月至2004年8月，对就诊的429例血友病患儿临床症状出现时间、诊断时间及关节畸形出现的时间进行分析。 结果429例血友病患儿，均为男性，血友病A共390例，占909%，其中亚临床型5例(13%),轻型43例(110%)，中型181例(464%)，重型161例(413%)；血友病B共39例，占91%，其中亚临床型2例(51%),轻型6例(154%)，中型26例(667%)，重型5例(128%)。患儿初次出现出血症状的中位年龄为16岁(0~12岁)；但初次诊断年龄03~120岁，中位年龄为52岁(03~120岁)，两者之间差异具有显著性意义(P<001)。 结论目前血友病患儿的诊断存在延迟，替代治疗疗程和因子剂量的不足是关节畸形高发生率的原因。     

中药外敷和泡浴对股骨头缺血性坏死血液流变学的影响

股骨头缺血性坏死属临床难治疾病,如早期不能得到及时有效的治疗,就会使股骨头塌陷,关节间隙变窄,最后导致坏死性骨关节炎,使病人髋关节功能障碍而致残[1-4],所以股骨头坏死的治疗,目前仍是国内外医学界的一大难题.笔者近年来应用中药外敷和泡浴治疗本病168例,并观察了治疗前后血液流变学的变化,现报道如下.     

Pivotal study of iodine-131-labeled chimeric tumor necrosis treatment radioimmunotherapy in patients with advanced lung cancer.

PURPOSE: Tumor necrosis treatment (TNT) uses degenerating tumor cells and necrotic regions of tumors as targets for radioimmunotherapy. Previous studies in animal tumor models and clinical trials have demonstrated that when linked to the therapeutic radionuclide iodine-131, recombinant chimeric TNT antibody ((131)I-chTNT) can deliver therapeutic doses to tumors regardless of the location or type of malignancy. Therapeutic efficacy and toxicity of (131)I-chTNT in advanced lung cancer patients were studied in this pivotal registration trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with advanced lung cancer were treated with systemic or intratumoral injection of (131)I-chTNT in eight oncology centers in China. The objective response rate (ORR) was assessed as the primary end point. RESULTS: All 107 patients who were entered onto the study and completed therapy had experienced treatment failure after prior radiotherapy or chemotherapy a mean of three times. The results showed an ORR of 34.6% (complete response, 3.7%; partial response, 30.8%; no change, 55.1%; and progressive disease, 10.3%) in all patients and 33% in 97 non-small-cell lung cancer patients. A biodistribution study demonstrated excellent localization of the radioactivity in tumors in both systemically and intratumorally injected patients. The most obvious adverse side effect was mild and reversible bone marrow suppression. CONCLUSION: Radioimmunotherapy with (131)I-chTNT was well tolerated and can be used systemically or locally to treat refractory tumors of the lung.     

STAT1对人肾透明细胞癌放射敏感性的影响

目的 研究人肾透明细胞癌信号传递和转录活化因子1(STAT1)表达情况及抑制STAT1对该肿瘤细胞放射敏感性的影响.方法 采用免疫组织化学染色技术对比检测34例人肾透明细胞癌标本和12例正常肾组织标本的STAT1表达.用Western blotting法检测离体培养人肾透明细胞癌细胞(CRL-1932)、纤维母细胞(CCL-116)和wilm's瘤细胞(CRL-1441)的STAT1表达.用氟达拉滨和siRNA抑制CRL-1932细胞STAT1表达,并通过成克隆法和台盼蓝染色计数法研究抑制STAT1对CRL-1932细胞放射敏感性的影响.结果 人肾透明细胞癌标本的总STAT1和磷酸化STAT1表达均明显高于正常肾组织.Western blotting法显示CRL-1932细胞STAT1表达比CRL-1441、CCL-116细胞明显增高;药物氟达拉滨能显著抑制CRL-1932细胞磷酸化STAT1的表达,并显著增加CRL-1932细胞的放射敏感性,且放射增敏程度与药物浓度呈正相关.经STAT1 siRNA处理后CRL-1932细胞总STAT1和磷酸化STAT1的表达均被有效抑制,且细胞在照射后的存活分数显著下降.结论 肾透明细胞癌STAT1呈高表达,抑制STAT1对该细胞有放射增敏作用.     

p53 Codon 72 polymorphism predicts the pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer.

PURPOSE: Recent studies have highlighted that the p53 codon 72 polymorphism plays a crucial role in modulating wild-type p53 apoptotic capacity, and as such may influence the response to chemotherapy. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the p53 codon 72 polymorphism might influence pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in primary breast cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: One hundred and ten operable breast cancer patients received anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy and p53 codon 72 polymorphism status was analyzed by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS: The distribution of initial clinical stage, tumor size, estrogen receptor or progesterone receptor status, menopausal status, or erbB2 expression was not significantly different among the polymorphic variants. However, we found that only 13% (3 of 23) of patients with the Pro/Pro variant had a good pathologic response, defined as a complete pathologic response or minimal residual disease. In comparison, 40% (22 of 55) or 37.5% (12 of 32) of patients with the Pro/Arg or Arg/Arg variant had a good pathologic response (P = 0.019). Moreover, patients with the Pro/Pro variant were more likely to have a positive axillary lymph node status than those with the Pro/Arg or Arg/Arg variant (P = 0.007). Furthermore, in multivariate analysis, p53 codon 72 polymorphism was found to be a strong predictor of pathologic response (odds ratio 6.7, 95% confidence interval, 1.4-31.2; P = 0.016). CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that breast cancer patients with the Pro/Pro variant may be less sensitive to anthracycline-based treatment than those with the Pro/Arg or Arg/Arg variant and suggests that analysis of p53 codon 72 polymorphism may provide a simple predictive marker for selecting the right breast cancer patients to anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in clinical setting.     

浅谈比较广告在医药行业的使用策略

目 的:探讨比较广告在医药行业的使用策略。方法:分析比较广告的优点和不足,结合实例提出比较广告在医药行业的 使用策略。结果与结论:只有结合实际,合理选择策略且独辟蹊径、力图创新,才能真正发挥比较广告应有的作用。     

HPLC荧光法测定血浆替米沙坦浓度

目的:建立高效液相-荧光检测法测定血浆替米沙坦浓度.方法:采用Symmetry C18柱,流动相:0.05 mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾溶液(用1 mol·L-1磷酸溶液调节pH=3.65):乙腈=55:45,激发波长:300nm;发射波长:385 nm.结果:线性回归方程y=0.055 80C-0.001 45,r=0.999 8;线性范围为1.0～500.0 μg·L-1,最低检测限为1 tμg·L-1.低、中、高三种浓度的绝对回收率分别为77.6%,94.97%和97.66%,相对回收率为96.62%,98.46%和104.43%,日内,日间RSD均小于10%.结论:该法操作简便,精密度高,可满足生物利用度试验方法学的要求.     

卟啉及其类似物在HPLC固定相中的应用

介绍了卟啉及其类似物衍生固定相的特征和制法,综述了这类固定相在HPLC中的应用和分离机制.     

阿米洛利的神经保护作用

阿米洛利是一种上皮细胞钠离子通道(ENaC)阻滞药,作为一种保钾利尿药已在临床应用了数十年.研究表明,中枢神经系统的多种离子通道对阿米洛利敏感,如酸敏感离子通道(ASIC)、Na+/H+交换泵等.这些通道具有重要的生理功能,而且还可能参与了脑缺血、组织酸中毒等病理学过程.阿米洛利通过阻滞这些通道,呈现出减轻缺血和酸化介导的神经元损伤等效应,很有可能成为治疗脑缺血等的新型神经保护剂.