单侧髁突肥大高位切除术面部软/硬组织相关性研究

目的:通过测量因髁突肥大而接受髁突高位切除术患者的术前、术后面部软/硬组织偏颌指数(AI),观察软/硬组织偏斜改善的关联。方法:接受单侧髁突高位切除术的髁突肥大患者15例,观测术前及术后随访时,软组织耳屏前点、下颌角点(Go’)、颏点(Me’)与面中线和Go’-Me’,及硬组织髁突外侧点(Col)、下颌角点(Go)、颏点(Me)和Go-Me的距离。计算得出对应AI值。结果:手术前后测量值配对t检验。经耳屏前点与经髁突外侧点AI值相关系数r=0.933,下颌角(AI)r=0.984,下颌骨体(AI)r=0.997,颏点偏移r=0.997,下颌升支(AI)r=0.645,仅耳屏前点(AI)P>0.01。结论:单纯的髁突高位切除术可有效的改善偏颌畸形;面部软组织偏斜的矫正与硬组织的矫正之间有较高的相关性;面部软/硬组织下颌升支偏斜的改善不完全等效。     

大鼠下颌骨牵张成骨的蛋白质组学分析

目的:探讨用蛋白质组学iTRAQ技术分析大鼠下颌骨牵张成骨过程中新生组织蛋白表达的改变。方法:6只大鼠进行单侧下颌骨牵张,速率:0.4mm/d,牵张期为10d,术后随机分为2组,分别于下颌骨牵张成骨牵张期第10d及下颌骨牵张成骨固定期第14d取材。将取材的新生骨组织标本进行蛋白质提取及蛋白质定量检测。应用iTRAQ技术对蛋白质样本进行检测,寻找及鉴定差异蛋白。结果:应用iTRAQ技术对大鼠下颌骨牵张成骨的新生骨组织成功进行了蛋白质组学分析,质谱鉴定出置信度95%的蛋白质共567种,共鉴定出差异蛋白207个,其中上调≥1.5倍的47个,下降≤0.8倍的58个。结论:筛选出多种与牵张成骨过程中新骨形成相关的差异表达蛋白质,为进一步验证与新骨形成相关的蛋白质奠定基础。     

吉林省延边朝鲜族自治州丙型肝炎感染危险因素的病例对照研究

目的探讨吉林省延边朝鲜族自治州丙肝感染的危险因素。方法在中国疾病预防控制信息系统2010年12月～2011年10月期间报告的丙肝病例中,按地区分层抽取222例病例,根据1∶2配对的病例对照研究方法选取444名非丙肝病例作为对照,调查一般情况、丙肝危险因素等。结果多因素分析显示,有外出打工史(OR=3.00)、与丙肝病人或抗体阳性者一起生活(OR=2.84)和有手术史(OR=1.84)等3个因素与丙肝病例的发生增多有关。结论有外出打工史、与丙肝病人或抗体阳性者一起生活和有手术史可能是延边地区丙肝病例发生的危险因素。     

Maspin在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达及意义

目的探讨Maspin在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及意义。方法采用免疫组化法检测99份非小细胞肺癌组织中Maspin蛋白的表达情况,分析其临床病理意义。结果肺癌组织中Maspin的阳性表达率显著低于正常肺组织(P<0.05);Maspin表达与肺癌病理类型、组织学分化程度、淋巴结转移及临床分期有关。Cox回归生存分析显示Maspin蛋白表达及临床分期是非小细胞肺癌的独立预后影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 Maspin蛋白表达在非小细胞肺癌的侵袭、转移过程中起重要作用,Maspin蛋白可作为预测非小细胞肺癌预后的参考指标。     

A targeted neurotransmitter quantification and nontargeted metabolic profiling method for pharmacometabolomics analysis of olanzapine by using UPLC-HRMS

Neurotransmitters (NTs) are specific endogenous metabolites that act as “messengers” in synaptic transmission and are widely distributed in the central nervous system. Olanzapine (OLZ), a first-line antipsychotic drug, plays a key role in sedation and hypnosis, but, it presents clinical problems with a narrow therapeutic window, large individual differences and serious adverse effects, as well as an unclear mechanism in vivo. Herein, a simultaneous targeted NT quantification and nontargeted metabolomics method was developed and validated for pharmacometabolomics analysis of OLZ by using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS). Considering the low physiological concentrations of NTs, a full MS scan and target selective ion monitoring (tSIM) scan were combined for nontargeted metabolomics and targeted NT quantification, respectively. By using this strategy, NTs at a very low physiological concentration can be accurately detected and quantified in biological samples by tSIM scans. Moreover, simultaneously nontargeted profiling was also achieved by the full MS scan. The newly established UPLC-HRMS method was further used for the pharmacometabolomics study of OLZ. Statistical analysis revealed that tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptamine, γ-aminobutyric acid etc. were significantly downregulated, while tyrosine was significantly upregulated, which suggested that OLZ could promote the downstream phase II reaction of 5-hydroxytryptamine, inhibit tyrosine hydroxylase activity, and increase the activity of γ-aminobutyric acid transaminase. In conclusion, this method could provide novel insights for revealing the pharmacodynamic effect and mechanism of antipsychotic drugs.

We developed a method that would provide novel insights for revealing the pharmacodynamic effect and mechanism of antipsychotic drugs (olanzapine).     

Comparison of the phenolic profiles and physicochemical properties of different varieties of thermally processed canned lychee pulp

Lychee pulp is rich in phenolics and has a variety of biological activities. However, the changes in the phenolic profile under heat treatment are unknown. The effect of the heat treatment temperature on commercial varieties (Guiwei and Nuomici) of canned lychee was investigated by comparing samples that were either unheated (UH), underwent 70 °C heat treatment (HT70) or underwent 121 °C heat treatment (HT121) and then were stored at room temperature. The results showed that the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activity of the UH, HT70 and HT121 samples were significantly decreased after storage at room temperature for 9 d, 13 d and 25 d, respectively. However, the TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity of HT121 canned lychee were still significantly higher than those of the UH and HT70 samples. However, the texture characteristics of the HT121 samples were worse than those of the UH and HT70 samples, and the color of the canned lychee was darker after the HT121 treatment. Nine individual phenolic compounds were detected in the canned lychee by HPLC-DAD. The gallic acid content was increased after HT121 treatment. In particular, (−)-gallocatechin was generated by HT121 thermal processing. However, after storage at room temperature for 9 d, the contents of (−)-gallocatechin in canned Guiwei and Nuomici were decreased by 96.27% and 94.04%, respectively, and (−)-gallocatechin disappeared after 25 d. In summary, the phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of canned lychee are increased by high-temperature treatment.

Lychee pulp is rich in phenolics and has a variety of biological activities.     

黄芪注射液对大鼠压疮缺血-再灌注损伤炎症反应的作用

目的探讨黄芪注射液(AI)对压疮缺血-再灌注(I/R)损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法将24只大鼠随机分成正常对照组、I/R组、AI组各8只,均行10%水合氯醛麻醉后,对照组不作处理,其他两组均于压疮装置上受压(施加34.96kPa压强),给予3个循环的I/R;AI组给予等容积的AI注射液,其他两组以生理盐水静脉注射。用酶联免疫法测定大鼠血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α,细胞间黏附分子1以及髓过氧化酶。结果三组上述3个指标含量比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01),I/R组高于对照组及AI组。结论 AI对压疮I/R损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与减轻I/R后炎症反应有关。     

Caveolin-1下调细胞外调节蛋白激酶1/2抑制血管吻合口再狭窄

目的 探讨Caveolin-1对新西兰兔颈总动脉血管吻合口再狭窄的作用,以及与细胞外调节蛋白激酶(extracellular regulated protein kinases,ERK)的关系.方法 40只新西兰兔,随机分为正常对照组、手术组、空转染组和Caveolin-1转染组.行左侧颈总动脉血管端端吻合,并局部转染Caveolin-1质粒(转染组)或空质粒(空转染组).于术后第7天各组中分别取5只新西兰兔血管标本,用于Western blot和逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测蛋白和mRNA的表达;其余新西兰兔于术后28 d处死取颈总动脉,通过HE染色观察内膜增生情况,用Image-Pro Plus6.0软件测量内膜与中膜面积比值(IA/MA).结果 血管HE染色后测量内膜与中膜面积比值:Caveolin-1转染组的血管内膜/中膜面积比值较手术组降低约50％;与手术组比较,转染组Caveolin-1的mRNA和蛋白的表达明显升高,差异有统计学意义(t=36.59,P＜0.01);而在高表达Caveolin-1的血管吻合口上,ERK1/2的mRNA的表达以及蛋白质的活性都显著低于手术组(t值分别为:32.64和7.28,两者均P＜0.01).结论 Caveolin-1抑制吻合口再狭窄的作用可能与调节ERK1/2的活化有关.     

瑞芬太尼及丙泊酚静脉用药对高龄患者术后认知功能恢复的影响

目的探讨瑞芬太尼及丙泊酚对高龄患者静脉麻醉后认知功能恢复的影响。方法2009年1月-2013年1月我院行食管癌根治术患者32例,年龄70-80岁,ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级,随机分为两组,分别采用瑞芬太尼＋丙泊酚＋卡肌宁（瑞芬太尼组,n=16）及芬太尼＋丙泊酚＋卡肌宁（芬太尼组,n=16）行麻醉诱导维持。术后记录自主呼吸恢复时间、呼之睁眼时间、拔管时间及自我陈述时间,分别于术前24h、术后2h、24h应用简易精神状态量表评估患者认知功能。结果两组自主呼吸恢复时间未见显著差异（P〉0．05）,瑞芬太尼组呼之睁眼时间、拔管时间及陈述自己姓名时间均明显早于芬太尼组（P〈0．05）。术后2h两组简易精神状态量表评分均较术前明显降低（P〈0．05）,术后24h评分两组较术前均无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。结论瑞芬太尼与丙泊酚合用对高龄患者术后认知功能影响小,值得临床推广应用。     

注水分离腹膜法在腹腔镜小儿疝手术中的应用

目的探讨注水分离腹膜法在腹腔镜小儿腹股沟斜疝高位结扎术中的价值。方法选取确诊为腹股沟斜疝的男性患儿56例,应用注水分离腹膜法进行腹腔镜手术。结果56例均顺利完成手术,平均手术时间11min,平均出血量少于1ml,无腹内脏器损伤、阴囊血肿、输精管或精索损伤等并发症发生。结论应用注水分离腹膜法,使得腹腔镜小儿疝手术相对简化,提高了手术安全性,得值推广应用。