Altered Gastrin Regulation in Mice Infected with Helicobacter felis

Altered gastrin expression associated with Helicobacter pylori infection may contribute to the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease or gastric cancer in man, but gastrin has not been investigated in a murine model of Helicobacter infection. C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with Helicobacter felis and examined after 4–21 weeks for G and D cell numbers, antral gastrin and somatostatin mRNA, and luminal pH. In H. felis-infected mice, gastrin mRNA declined at four and six weeks after infection to 57% and 23%, respectively, of uninfected control values. Concurrently, somatostatin mRNA showed no change at four weeks and a modest 25% decrease at six weeks after infection. Similar reductions were noted in G and D cell numbers, resulting in a decrease in the G/D cell ratio after mice were infected with H. felis. Infected animals also showed a loss of parietal and chief cells, and an increased gastric pH. H. felis infection in C57BL/6 mice leads to an early suppression of G cell number and gastrin mRNA. These changes precede an alteration in somatostatin cell number and mRNA and, coupled with reductions in parietal and chief cells, may contribute both to severe impairment of gastric acid output and the potential for carcinogenic processes.     

Anisakis simplex-induced small bowel obstruction after fish ingestion: preliminary evidence for response to parenteral corticosteroids.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Gastrointestinal anisakiasis, a fish-borne zoonoses, may be acquired by humans after the ingestion of raw marine fish infested with larvae of the nematode Anisakis simplex. Because of the invasive nature of the parasite, inflammatory obstruction or perforation of the gut wall may result. Although rare, Anisakis-induced intestinal obstruction is becoming a growing public health problem in Mediterranean areas, such as Spain, with a high fish-intake-based diet. Unawareness of this entity and nonspecific clinical symptoms, along with the lack of alternative therapeutic options other than conservative measures, may explain why half of these patients require abdominal laparotomy for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. METHODS: We describe a series of 8 patients with acute intestinal anisakiasis treated in our center from July 2001 to January 2004. RESULTS: The first 3 patients underwent segmental ileal resection for imminent peritonitis. The remaining 5 patients were treated with intravenous 6-methylprednisolone (1 mg/kg/24 h) for 5 days with fast clinical and radiologic resolution in all 5 patients with no adverse reactions. CONCLUSIONS: Although preliminary, our data may suggest that parenteral corticosteroids could be a reasonable, inexpensive, and safe alternative in these patients to prevent intestinal resection.     

CEUS诊断乳腺癌研究进展

CEUS是纯血池显像,利用血液中含气微泡造影剂在声场中的非线性效应和强烈的背向散射获得对比增强图像,可动态直观地显示肿瘤微血管,已广泛应用于乳腺癌的诊断和疗效评估。CEUS在检出早期乳腺癌和识别前哨淋巴结方面具有较高敏感度和特异度,在评估新辅助化疗疗效、预测乳腺癌分子分型和辅助乳腺癌靶向治疗领域具有广阔的应用前景。本文对乳腺癌CEUS特点及其与生物标志物的关系、CEUS评价新辅助化疗疗效及辅助前哨淋巴结活检术方面的进展进行综述。     

经颅超声对我国帕金森病患者的诊断价值:Meta分析

目的 采用Meta分析的方法,评价我国经颅超声（TCS）对帕金森病（PD）患者的诊断价值。方法 检索建库至2017年11月间PubMed、Cochrone图书馆、CNKI和中国生物医学文献数据库中有关TCS诊断国人PD的文献,以诊断性试验准确性评价工具（QUADAS）评价纳入文献的质量,并采用Meta-disc 1.4软件进行数据分析,计算我国TCS诊断PD患者的汇总敏感度、特异度、阳性似然比、阴性似然比和诊断比值比,并绘制汇总受试者工作特征（SROC）曲线。结果 共纳入15篇文献,中文12篇,英文3篇,我国TCS诊断PD的敏感度范围为0.62~0.93,特异度范围为0.50~0.94。纳入研究存在异质性,采用随机效应模型进行分析。我国TCS诊断的汇总敏感度、特异度、阳性似然比、阴性似然比和诊断比值比及其95% CI分别为0.78（0.76,0.81）、0.85（0.83,0.88）、5.46（4.01,7.44）、0.22（0.17,0.29）和27.15（16.96,43.46）,SROC曲线下面积为0.904 9,Q指数为0.836 5。结论 在我国,TCS诊断PD具有一定价值,可作为辅助检查手段。     

彩色多普勒对甲状腺结节良恶性的诊断价值

目的：探讨彩色多普勒对甲状腺结节良恶性的诊断价值。方法：分析经手术和病理证实的120例良性甲状腺结节和65例恶性甲状腺结节的超声表现。结果：185个结节中,良性结节120个,其中结节性甲状腺肿85个,甲状腺瘤30个,桥本病5个。甲状腺癌共65个,乳头状癌59个,滤泡癌6个。在彩色血流分布类型比较上,良性结节以II型和IV型为主,分别占51％和35％;恶性结节以III型为主,占42％。结论：彩色多普勒可以为甲状腺结节良恶性的诊断、鉴别诊断和随访观察提供更多的辅助指标,有重要的诊断价值。     

糖皮质激素在结核性脑膜炎治疗中效果的探析

目的：探讨糖皮质激素在结核性脑膜炎中的治疗效果。方法整群选取该院于2008年1月-2012年12月收治的96例结核性脑膜炎患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组采用常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗的基础上配合糖皮质激素。比较两组患者治疗后的转归率和各项指标改善情况。结果观察组良好转归率为72.91豫,高于对照组的43.75豫,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的意识恢复时间、白细胞计数、蛋白质含量等指标改善程度均优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对结核性脑膜炎患者采用糖皮质激素配合治疗可以提高良好转归率,提高治疗效果。     

中西医结合治疗青春期功能失调性子宫出血临床分析

目的：探讨中西医结合治疗青春期功能失调性子宫出血的临床疗效。方法选择2011年8月—2013年4月在该院接受治疗的青春期功能失调性子宫出血患者100例,将所有患者按照治疗方法均分为两组,其中对照组采用西医治疗,而观察组在采用中西医结合治疗,比较两组的临床疗效。结果观察组总有效率为98%,对照组总有效率为88%,两组比较差异显著,有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论采用中西医结合治疗青春期功能失调性子宫出血,安全有效,治疗效果明显,因此临床应用价值较高。     

正压无针连接式留置针在儿科的应用研究

目的探讨24G新型正压无针连接式留置针在儿科神经内科静脉输液治疗中的应用效果。方法选择2015年7月至2015年8月期间本科住院患儿120例,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组,统计静脉滴注过程中的滴注速度,留置时间,留置效果,并发症发生率,头皮针更换率及针刺伤发生率等情况。结果观察组采用24G新型正压无针连接式留置针留置效果与对照组采用普通留置针相比,血管损伤少,红、肿、堵管等并发症发生率低,针刺伤发生率低,更换头皮针的次数少,工作效率高,以上所有差异均具有统计学意义,P0.05。结论 24G新型正压无针连接式留置针导管采用新型防堵管材质,减少了血液有形成分,保证了液体的输注速度,减少了堵管的发生,延长了留置时间,还能避免针刺伤,保护医护人员及患者,降低职业风险,减少了护士更换头皮针的次数,减轻了护士工作量。     

208例药品不良反应报告分析

摘 要 目的:分析药品不良反应（ADR）的发生情况、发生特点及相关因素,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法：对2013年收集并上报的208例ADR,分别从性别与年龄、给药途径、因果关系评价、报告人职业分布、涉及的药品种类、累及的器官或系统及临床表现等方面进行统计、分析。结果：208例ADR报告中,40岁以上的中老年患者所占比例最大,占76.92%;女患者构成比略高,占51.44%;静脉滴注引起ADR为144例（69.23％）;涉及的药品中,抗肿瘤药物、抗感染药物、心血管系统用药致ADR构成比高;ADR临床主要表现为皮肤及其附件损害（55例）、全身性损害（50例）、血小板和出血凝血障碍（46例）。结论：抗肿瘤药物、抗感染药物、心血管系统用药是ADR监测的重点药物,医药护要共同努力,加强特殊人群和重点药物的ADR监测,提高合理用药水平,减少药源性疾病的发生。