高效液相色谱法测定胰必清颗粒中有效成分含量

［摘要］目的建立一种高效液相色谱（HPLC）法，测定胰必清颗粒中大黄素、大黄酚、厚朴酚等成分。方法采用Hypersil ODS色谱柱,流动相为甲醇 0.5%高氯酸水溶液(85:15),检测波长254 nm。结果大黄素、芦荟大黄素、大黄酚、大黄酸、厚朴酚及和厚朴酚的加样回收率(n=5)分别为: 99.62%, 96.60%, 98.69%, 103.70%, 99.84%, 101.30%； 精密度RSD(n=5)分别为1.18%，2.34%，1.85%，2.45%，0.61%，1.21%。结论该方法简便，快速，结果准确可靠，灵敏度高、重现性好,可作为胰必清颗粒质量控制的定量方法。     

汉中市农村脑卒中患者失能调整生命年的研究

目的了解脑卒中造成农村人口的疾病负担,为促进我国脑卒中疾病负担的研究及今后卫生资源的合理配置提供参考;同时简化失能调整生命年(DALY)运算中失能的评估方式。方法整群抽样,采用自行设计的问卷,入户调查,调查脑卒中全部现患患者164人。问卷内容主要包括一般情况和失能的评估。结果汉中市农村脑卒中患者DALY为598.88 a,其中因死亡损失了471.05 a,失能损失了127.83 a,患者平均损失3.65个DALYs,汉中市农村人口每千人损失8.0个DALYs;以70~74岁年龄组损失最多;失能损失中,以65~69岁年龄组为最多,死亡的损失中,以55~59岁年龄组为最多,按性别分组后,男性损失343.26个DALYs,女性损失255.62个DALYs,分别占总损失的57.3%和42.7%。男性以55~59岁年龄组损失最多,女性以65~69岁年龄组损失最多。40~44岁年龄组的每个患者平均损失数最多,按残疾期限分组后,残疾1~4 a的损失DALY最多。将患者按照失能程度分组,存活的患者中,失能程度0.01~0.10的人数最多,失能程度0.51~0.60的DALY最多,失能程度0.51~0.60的人均DALY最多,达2.78个DALYs。结论脑卒中对我国造成的疾病负担高于发达国家,一方面可能由于我国脑卒中发病率和死亡率比较高,另一方面可能由于DALY本身的缺陷导致我国疾病负担的高估。     

汉中地区部分农村脑卒中患者生命质量的研究

目的了解汉中地区农村脑卒中患者的生命质量。方法采用入户访谈的方式进行调查。结果男性患者的生理功能、活力、社会功能和精神健康维度上的评分高于女性患者(P<0.05),女性患者生理职能、情感职能维度上的评分高于男性患者(P<0.05),躯体疼痛和总体健康维度上的评分男性和女性无显著性差异(P>0.05)。各年龄组间的评分存在差异(P<0.05),男女两性在八个维度上的评分均低于四川省农村居民和循环系统慢性疾病患者(P<0.01)。结论汉中地区部分农村脑卒中患者总体评分较低,生活质量较差。     

基于NDIR技术的麻醉气体浓度检测装置

设计了一种麻醉气体浓度监测装置,采用非色散红外线NDIR技术获取麻醉气体浓度信息,旁气流式测量,再用微控制器对信息进行采集、处理,送PC机显示,可实现手术过程中对病人呼吸中的麻醉气体含量的无创、实时和连续监测。     

低氧复合氰化钠中毒对兔动脉血超氧化物歧化酶、还原型谷胱甘肽和丙二醛的影响

目的探讨高原低氧复合氰化钠中毒对兔动脉血氧化应激的影响。方法以低压氧舱模拟4000m高原急性缺氧环境。20只家兔按随机数字表法分为4组，高原高、低剂量组，平原高、低剂量组，每组5只。高原缺氧组动物置于低压氧舱内预处理72h后进行实验，平原组动物于普通实验环境下进行。以戊巴比妥钠（40mg／kg，腹腔注射）麻醉动物后进行股动脉插管，注射氰化钠（1．5、2mg／kg，腹腔注射）。分别于中毒前10min和中毒后5、10、15、20、30、60、120、180min经插管采血并分离血浆，以生化方法测定超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）活性、还原型谷胱甘肽（reduced glutathione，GSH）和丙二醛（malondildehyde，MDA）含量。结果平原动物NaCN中毒60min后血浆MDA含量增加（P〈0．01），SOD活力和GSH含量下降（P〈0．05，P〈0．01）。高原缺氧72h后也使MDA含量增加（P〈0．01），SOD活力和GSH含量下降（P〈0．05，P〈0．01），高原缺氧动物注射氰化钠30min后上述指标变化较平原动物更为显著（P〈0．01）。结论单纯缺氧和单纯氰化钠中毒均明显改变氧化应激指标，二者可能具有联合效应。     

蒙药消肿散涂膜剂抑菌及皮肤吸收毒性实验研究

目的研究蒙药消肿散涂膜剂的抑菌作用及皮肤吸收毒性。方法采用体外平皿培养法和小鼠皮下注射金葡菌造模观察药物的抑菌作用，并进行皮肤吸收毒性实验测定小鼠的最大耐受量。结果消肿散涂膜剂与原剂型一样，对大肠杆菌、痢疾杆菌、白色葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和乙型链球菌等五种标准菌株均有较强的抑菌作用，其中，对金黄色葡萄球菌和乙型链球菌的抑制作用最强。对小鼠皮肤感染模型也有保护效应（P〈0.05）。最大给药耐受量在80g/kg日以上。结论消肿散涂膜剂保留了原剂型的抗菌、低毒的特点，对体表化脓性感染性炎症可能有效。     

Comparison of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Measurements by Radioimmunoassay and In Vitro Bioassay

ABSTRACT: A sensitive, accurate, and reproducible in vitro bioassay was developed for measuring human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), based on testosterone production by collagenase-dispersed interstitial cells of rat testes in response to hCG. The results were compared to those obtained by established beta hCG radioimmunoassay. The assay sensitivity was 25 pg hCG-CR119/ml (65 μIU second IRP/ml). The intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was 8.8%, and the interassay CV was 13% and 33% in the high and low ranges of the standard curve, respectively. hCG recoveries were 89.6 ± 3.12% (SE, n = 12). The pattern of serum bio-hCG followed established patterns of immuno-hCG, with the highest level measured during the first trimester (mean, 52,600 ± 7,250 SE (mIU/ml, n = 11), decreasing thereafter to a mean value of 7,400 ± 1,500 mIU/ml at term. The mean ratio of the bio/immunoactivity was consistently greater than one and did not significantly change at the various stages of pregnancy, or between normal and molar pregnancies (first trimester, 1.75 ± 0.12 SE; mid-trimester, 1.46 ± 0.12; term, 1.50 ± 0.09; molar, 1.55 + 0.2). When serum bioactive and immunoactive hCG were measured in a woman at five weeks of pregnancy, an episodic secretion of hCG was obtained by both assays.     

Effects of interleukin-12 on natural killer cell cytotoxicity and the production of interferon-7 and tumour necrosis factor-a in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes

The effects of Interleukin 12 (IL-12) on natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity and on the production of interferon-7 (IFN-7) and tumour necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) were examined in 15 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), which are well known to have immunologic defects, and in 11 normal subjects. The NK cell cytotoxicity of all of the normal subjects was augmented by incubation with IL-12 alone, and co-incubation with interleukin 2 (IL-2) further augmented it (type A response). The MDS patients showed varied responses to IL-12/IL-2. Seven patients showed the type A response, resulting in augmented NK cell cytotoxicity which was similar to that in the normal subjects. In five other patients the cytotoxicity was not increased by IL-12 alone, but the combination of IL-12 and IL-2 did augment the cytotoxicity (type B response). The augmented cytotoxicity in these type B patients was lower than that in the normal subjects. In the final three MDS patients the cytotoxicity was low and not affected by IL- 12 and/or IL-2 (type C response). AH patients with refractory anaemia with excess blasts (RAEB) and patients with RAEB in transformation showed a type B or C response. Conversely, six of eight refractory anaemia patients showed a type A response. In MDS patients there was a positive correlation between the percentage of CD3CD56⁺ cells in pre-incubated cells and the cytotoxicity of cells incubated with IL-12/IL-2. The combination of IL-12 and IL-2 augmented IFN-7 and TNF-Q production by nonadherent mononuclear cells in a synergistic or cumulative manner, respectively, in most patients. These results suggest that IL-12, alone or with IL-2, may modulate these important immunologic functions in most MDS patients.     

Utilization of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole in mixed anhydride coupling reactions

The coupling of Boc-Val-OH to either H-Pro-OBzl or H-Pro-Gly-Val-Gly-OBzl by the mixed anhydride method leads to the formation of a urethane by-product in yields of 40–60%. This side reaction can be suppressed by the addition of HOBt to the reaction mixture before the amino component is added. This results in a substantially increased yield of the desired peptide.     

远志种子检验规程

目的：为规范中药材种子市场,保证种子的质量,制定远志种子检验规程。方法：通过对远志种子净度、真实性、发芽率、生活力、千粒重和含水量等指标的研究,确定几项指标的标准检验方法。结果与结论：建立了远志种子检验规程。