Psoriasis confined strictly to vitiligo areas – a Koebner‐like phenomenon?

Vitiligo and psoriasis are both common skin disorders. However, psoriasis strictly confined to pre-existing vitiligo areas is rare and suggests a causal relationship. We report here on two patients with a strict anatomical colocalization of vitiligo and psoriasis. The histopathological examinations showed typical changes for both diseases together with a dense infiltrate of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. By immunohistochemistry, intracytoplasmatic granzyme B and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) were detected within the T-cell population, suggesting the functional activity of these cells and the creation of a local T helper 1 (Th1)-cytokine milieu. Additionally, in one patient we could identify anti-melanocytic T cells by tetramer staining and enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) analysis. These skin-infiltrating lymphocytes might trigger, by the local production of Th-1 cytokines such as TNF-alpha and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), the eruption of psoriatic plaques in patients with a genetic predisposition for psoriasis.     

Effects of poor glucose handling on arterial stiffness and left ventricular mass in normal children.

AIM: Cardiovascular risk factors can be present in children and young adults. We previously found abnormal microvascular function in children who had glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether they also have abnormalities in left ventricular mass (LVM) and arterial stiffness. METHODS: We measured heart dimensions and LVM using echocardiography, and arterial stiffness using pulse wave analysis in 23 children with good glucose handling (postfeeding glucose: 3.9 to 5 mmol/L) and 21 with poor glucose handling (7.7 to 11.4 mmol/L). RESULTS: The time to pulse reflection was slightly shorter in the poorer glucose handlers (mean+/-SD: 143+/-10 vs 153+/-20 ms, P=0.04), suggestive of increased arterial stiffness. Also in this group, there were significant relationships between intraventricular septal thickness, blood pressure and body mass index, but not in the normal glucose handlers. CONCLUSIONS: We have found that normal children who are in the lowest quintile of glucose tolerance in comparison with their peers are exhibiting the first signs of arterial stiffening. In addition, we have seen the beginnings of a relationship between blood pressure, body mass index and left ventricular enlargement in this group. While these changes may not yet be clinically significant, their emergence might be further evidence of early predisposition to cardiovascular disease.     

外周动脉闭塞患者的交感神经皮肤反应

目的：描述胚胎种植前遗传诊断在1例携带Ⅰ型白细胞黏附缺陷病（LAD-1）携带者并完成健康妊娠夫妇中的应用。设计：病例报道。机构：大学医院生殖中心。患者：1例男女双方都是LAD-1携带者的夫妇，女方CD18基因的外显子4携带有G400A置换，男方的外显子5携带有C562T置换。干预：标准体外受精（IVF）后第3天行卵裂期活检和分裂球遗传分析以检测2处突变以及21号染色体标记物。主要观察指标：1个未罹患LAD-1婴儿的出生。结果：得到15个卵母细胞，其中10个受精。8个胚胎适宜胚胎活组织检查。     

浴光疗同步治疗对不同类型银屑病均有效

背景:浴光疗同步治疗银屑病的有效性与UVB和死海盐的多靶点作用有关,同步治疗能够起到协同功效。目的:本回顾性研究的目的:①评价浴光疗同步治疗各种临床类型银屑病的有效性;②观察治疗反应有无不同;③获得更多数据以预测对不同类型银屑病的治疗效果,以便针对患者的类型选择治疗效果良好的方法。方法:根据Regensburg计划,患者接受了一个包括35次治疗的基础同步浴光疗疗程,随后又接受了一个包括25次治疗的维持治疗疗程。治疗中每周进行PASI评分以评价患者的皮肤状态。对373例按计划完成基础疗程的患者和其中78例完成维持疗程的患者的治疗…     

Beweiswert eines Aufklärungsformulars

Abstrakt 1. Ein nicht ausgefülltes und nicht unterschriebenes Aufkl?rungsformular in der Krankenakte bildet ein Indiz nicht für, sondern gegen die Durchführung eines Aufkl?rungsgespr?chs. 2. Wenn vor dem ?rztlichen Eingriff überhaupt keine Aufkl?rung erfolgt, genügt für den Beginn der Verj?hrung eines auf eine Aufkl?rungspflichtverletzung gestützten Anspruchs die Kenntnis vom Eintritt schwerwiegender Komplikationen. Nicht erforderlich ist das Wissen, dass sich ein typisches Risiko des Eingriffs verwirklicht hat.     

Prevalence of bowlegs among child and adolescent soccer players.

OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the interactions of sports-related demands and human body, in particular on musculoskeletal features, during growth. Focusing on the relationship between soccer and lower limb alignment, we examined the hypothesis that varus knee deviation is more prevalent among high-performance pediatric and adolescent soccer players. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study with focused sampling. SETTING: First league sports clubs. PARTICIPANTS: 106 male child/adolescent soccer players aged 10 to 21 years and 68 age-matched tennis players. INTERVENTIONS: All athletes completed a demographic questionnaire and underwent physical examinations, which included height, weight, generalized laxity, knee, ankle, foot and spine axis, hip range of motion, tibial torsion, Q angle, foot navicular height, and progression angle. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENT: Varus/valgus axis was determined by the intercondylar intermalleolar distance while standing. Soccer and tennis players were compared on knee axis and other outcome variables by analysis of covariance, adjusting for age and by t-tests within age groups. RESULTS: A significantly higher prevalence of knee varus was found among the soccer players compared to that among the tennis players. The difference in intracondylar distance was statistically significant after the age of 13 years (P < 0.001). In addition, compared to tennis players, soccer players had higher foot arches, decreased hip external rotation and increased external tibial torsion. CONCLUSIONS: Varus knee axis deviation was more common among children and adolescent soccer players than among tennis players. The prevalence was more pronounced among players aged 13 years or older. Further research is needed to explore the rationale of this phenomenon.     

Trends in the presentation and surgical management of the acute diabetic foot.

BACKGROUND: This study examines trends in the presentation and surgical management of acute diabetic foot problems in a single institution. METHOD: Prospective audit of all diabetic patients who had a primary procedure for critical lower limb ischaemia (CLI) and/or foot sepsis between 1st January 1990 and 31st December 2002. Primary and secondary intervention, mortality and limb salvage rate within 6 weeks of the index procedure were recorded. RESULTS: There were 661 patients (417 men and 244 women of median age 69, range 31-99, years) with 799 affected limbs. CLI alone was present in 625 (78%) limbs, combined CLI and foot sepsis in 53 (7%) and foot sepsis alone in 121 (15%). The primary intervention was minor amputation in 323 (40%) limbs, revascularisation in 288 (36%), major amputation in 185 (23%) and sympathectomy in three limbs. Within 6 weeks, 125 (16%) limbs required secondary intervention, the peri-procedural mortality rate was 38 of 924 (4%), and the limb salvage rates for patients with CLI, combined CLI and sepsis and sepsis alone were 66, 66 and 80%, respectively. There was a significant decline in the proportion of patients presenting with CLI alone and a significant increase in the proportion presenting with combined CLI and sepsis and sepsis alone. In patients with CLI alone, there was a significant increase in the primary major amputation rate and a significant decline in the minor amputation rate with no significant change in the revascularisation rate. CONCLUSION: There has been a progressive decline in the proportion of patients presenting with CLI alone and a greater proportion of patients presenting with an element of foot sepsis. In patients with CLI alone, the primary major amputation rate has increased at the expense of a decline in minor amputation rate.     

Zinc sulfate addition to glass-ionomer-based cements: influence on physical and antibacterial properties, zinc and fluoride release.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of ZnSO(4) addition to a conventional glass ionomer and a resin-modified glass ionomer on solubility, flexural strength, zinc and fluoride (F) release, and Streptococcus mutans growth inhibition. METHODS: 5 or 10% ZnSO(4) was added to Vitremer and Ketac-Fil powders. Solubility test was performed based on ISO 7489. Flexural strength was determined by 3-point bending test based on ISO 4049. Zn release/uptake was determined by atomic emission spectrometry; F release/uptake was measured using a F-specific electrode. Both release measurements were performed for 15 d before and 15 d after recharging. Antibacterial test was conducted according to agar plate methods against S. mutans, by measuring the inhibition halos in 1-h and 15-d specimens. Data were analyzed by ANOVA. RESULTS: Solubility increased with higher ZnSO(4) content, but remained below the ISO 7489 limit. Flexural strength was not affected by ZnSO(4) addition, and Vitremer performed better than Ketac-Fil. The control materials released no zinc. Vitremer with 10% ZnSO(4) released the highest amount of zinc. Fluoride release was similar for Ketac-Fil and Vitremer. In both cases, the highest amounts were released in the first 24 h. The growth inhibition halo of S. mutans was similar for both materials with highest content of ZnSO(4) and occurred only with 1-h specimens. SIGNIFICANCE: Zinc addition decreased microorganisms growth and improved fluoride release, without significantly affecting the materials' flexural strength and solubility.