应用PEG沉淀试验测定囊虫病人血清中抗体的初步研究

用适宜浓度的PEG将囊虫病人血清浓缩,达到提高血清中特异性抗体浓度的作用,从而提高检测的敏感性。该法用于囊虫病的诊断,阳性附合率83.33%.特异性较理想。     

ATP和SNP控制性降压对血流动力学的影响

对比研究三磷酸腺苷（ＡＴＰ）和硝普钠（ＳＮＰ）控制性降压对氯胺酮麻醉犬血流动力学的影响。选择犬１４只，随机分为ＡＴＰ组和ＳＮＰ组，由股静脉持续输入ＡＴＰ和ＳＮＰ使ＭＡＰ降低３０％￣４０％，维持３０ｍｉｎ，分别于降压前、降压后１５ｍｉｎ、３０ｍｉｎ及停止降压后１５ｍｉｎ用Ｓｗａｎ－Ｇａｎｚ漂浮导管测定血流动力学指标。结果表明，ＡＴＰ、ＳＮＰ降压期间ＳＶＲ、ＬＶＳＷ显著降低，ＣＯ、ＰＣＷＰ、ＳＶ、ＲＶ     

Ultrastructural identification of cholinergic neurons in the external cuneate nucleus of the gerbil: acetylcholinesterase histochemistry and choline acetyltransferase immunocytochemistry

Summary Using acetylcholinesterase histochemical and choline acetyltransferase immunocytochemical localization methods, this study has provided conclusive evidence for the existence of cholinergic neurons in the external cuneate nucleus of gerbils. By light microscopy, both acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase labelling was confined to the rostral portion of the external cuneate nucleus. Ultrastructurally, acetylcholinesterase reaction products were found in the nuclear envelope, cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi saccules of some somata and large dendrites as well as in the membranes of small dendrites, myelinated axons and axon terminals. These neuronal elements were also stained for choline acetyltransferase; immunoreactivity was associated with nuclear pores, nuclear envelope, perikaryal membrane and all the membranous structures within the cytoplasm. Of the total choline acetyltransferase-labelled neuronal profiles analysed, 79% were myelinated axons, 15% dendrites, 4% somata and 2% axon terminals. The immunostained axon terminals consisted of two types containing either round (Rd type; 62.5%) or pleomorphic (Pd type; 37.5%) vesicles. Both were associated directly with choline acetyltransferase-positive dendrites. In contrast to the paucity of choline acetyltransferase-labelled axon terminals, numerous choline acetyltransferase-positive myelinated axons were present. It may thus be hypothesized that most, if not all, of the external cuneate nucleus cholinergic neurons are projection cells; such cells may give rise to axonal collaterals which synapse onto their own dendrites for possible feedback control. Choline acetyltransferase-positive dendrites were contacted by numerous unlabelled presynaptic boutons, 60% of which contained round or spherical synaptic vesicles (Rd boutons) and 40% flattened vesicles (Fd boutons), suggesting that these neurons are under strong inhibitory control. The preferential concentration of cholinergic components in the rostral external cuneate nucleus may be significant in the light of the highly organized somatotopy in the external cuneate nucleus and its extensive efferent projections to medullary autonomic-related nuclei. Our results suggest that the cholinergic neurons may be involved in somatoautonomic integration.     

小鼠卵细胞质内显微注入单精子受精的实验研究

为了探讨提高小鼠卵细胞质内单精子注入受精率的方法，选取鼠龄１２－１４周的健康昆明白小鼠作为精子和卵子的供体，受用ＩＣＳＩ技术，以受精后二细胞卵裂的形成率为指标，了解不同采卵时间，不同微注射针参数及不同培养液对细胞质单精子注入的影响。结果表明，ｈＣＧ注射后１８－１９ｈ采卵，用针尖内径为４－５μｍ，斜面角度为３５－４０度的微注射针进行ＩＣＳＩ操作受精后卵子置ＣＺＢ中培养可获得较多的２细胞胚，卵裂率明显     

寒冷干燥地区平时火器伤的早期处理

目的　探讨寒冷干燥地区平时火器伤伤情特点与早期救治方法。方法　对 1991年 1月— 2 0 0 2年 12月间 40例火器伤病人的临床救治进行回顾分析。结果　 2 4例枪伤中 ,2 0例一期缝合伤口 ,均一期愈合 ,另外 4例只清创未一期缝合的伤口 ,3例愈合 ,1例感染 ;4例骨折内固定均愈合良好 ,无骨髓炎发生。 16例炸伤病人局部软组织损伤及污染比枪弹伤重 ,14例一期缝合伤口中 ,10例一期愈合 ,4例感染 ,骨折内固定 2例 ,均愈合良好 ,无骨髓炎发生。结论　寒冷干燥地区火器伤早期伤道清创时限可适当延长 ,在平时火器伤的救治中 ,对软组织条件较好的创面 ,早期清创后可一期闭合伤口和骨折内固定 ,这样可减少感染和伤残 ,促进康复     

Resorption rate and biocompatibility characteristics of two polyester ventilation tubes in a guinea pig model

OBJECTIVES: Determine the resorption rate and biocompatibility characteristics of 2 polyester ventilation tubes, and to determine whether soap and water exposure accelerates polyester tube degradation. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: 50/50 poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide; PLGA-50) and poly (L-lactide; PLA) polymers were placed into the tympanic membranes of Hartley pigmented guinea pigs. Integrity of the tubes was determined by weekly otoscopic examination. Biocompatibility was assessed by comparing auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds and by examining tympanic membrane changes following tube resorption. Shah minigrommet ventilation tubes were used as controls. In the second portion of this study, implanted PLGA-50 and PLA tubes were exposed weekly to a mixture of soap and water (1:5) until complete resorption was observed. Biocompatibility was assessed by periodic ABR testing and tympanic membrane examination. RESULTS: The PLA tubes remained in the tympanic membrane for a longer period (63.2 +/- 19.3 days) than the PLGA-50 (18.8 +/- 8.1 days). The tympanic membrane and resorbable tube interface demonstrated equivalent findings for auditory thresholds and tissue histopathology at the implant site compared to nonresorbable controls. The resorption behavior was not altered by exposure to soap and water. Tympanic membranes of all animals following tube degradation and soap water exposure were intact with minimal scarring and no signs of persistent foreign body response. The histological analysis showed that implantation of resorbable tubes was not accompanied by secondary infection with otorrhea through the tube, did not result in a permanent perforation or dislocation of the tube into the middle ear cavity, and was not followed by excess tympanosclerosis or localized or diffuse membrane atrophy. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: Resorbable polyester pressure equalization tubes demonstrate predictable resorption behavior and similar biocompatibility characteristics when compared with nonresorbable Shah minigrommet ventilation tubes. Exposure to soap water does not accelerate polyester tube degradation nor change the host tissue response during the indwelling period or after complete resorption. The data suggests that resorbable ventilation tubes are substantially equivalent to other FDA-approved tympanostomy devices with regard to safety and biocompatibility in the guinea pig model examined and may provide improved clinical performance by combining this approach with sustained release technology. EBM RATING: B-2.     

Anatomic and spiral computed tomographic study of the genial tubercles for genioglossus advancement.

OBJECTIVE: To measure and compare Chinese mandibular genial tubercles measured anatomically and with computed tomography (CT). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Spiral CT scans were taken of 40 adult human skulls; the superior genial spines were measured using anatomic and CT methods. RESULTS: The height and width of the superior genial spines, mandible thickness, and distance from the menton to the inferior and superior margins of the superior genial spines were 5.82 +/- 0.71, 6.98 +/- 1.35, 11.95 +/- 1.59, 11.08 +/- 2.05, and 16.91 +/- 2.30 mm from anatomic measurements and 6.17 +/- 0.71, 7.01 +/- 1.13, 12.19 +/- 1.64, 10.41 +/- 1.55, and 15.73 +/- 2.12 mm using spiral CT, respectively. The anatomic and CT measurements were correlated. CONCLUSION: Spiral CT of the genial tubercles can help locate the osteotomy in genioglossus advancement. SIGNIFICANCE: This study acquired reference data on Chinese genial tubercles demonstrating that CT measurements of the genial tubercles reflect their anatomy, which should allow accurately locate the osteotomy.     

后装机出源阻力大故障分析及维修

从机械和电路两方面分析了 KLHZ-001型后装机出源阻力大的原因 ,并分别阐述了维修办法.     

眼内异物合并外伤性白内障的联合手术治疗：附88例分析

眼内异物合并外伤性白内障是眼外伤常见的致盲原因之一,各地报告的致盲率为20%～48.9%。本文对88例眼内异物合并外伤性白内障患者采用联合手术治疗,收到较好疗效,术前视力0.05以下占85.2%,术后矫正视力0.05以下占27.3%,矫正视力0.06～1.5占73.7%,其中矫正视力0.6～1.5者占22.8%。根据异物的性质、在眼内部位和晶体损伤情况选择不同的手术方式一次联合手术摘出异物和白内障,术后采用中西药配合治疗。联合手术可提高疗效,减少术后并发症.减少手术次数,减轻病人的痛苦,缩短病程,减少医疗费用.眼科学报1993;9:216—218.