Electrical properties of Ca12Al14O33 synthesised through polymer assisted deposition and glass crystallization routes

In this paper, two new methods, polymer assisted deposition (PAD) and glass crystallization (GC) methods were reported for the first time to prepare oxide ion conductor Ca₁₂Al₁₄O₃₃, with their microstructures and electrical properties compared to that of a sample prepared by the traditional solid-state reaction (SSR) method. The results showed that these two new methods are effective for improving ceramic densities and oxide ion conductivities compared to the SSR method, and the ceramic prepared from the GC method in the present work possessed the highest level of ∼94% of the theoretical density and ∼1.0 × 10⁻³ S cm⁻¹ at 900 °C for the bulk conductivity. A new bond valence method was applied to study the oxide ion conducting mechanism, which revealed an exchange process between the free oxide ion and the framework ion, and the wide windows connecting the Ca–Al–O framework cages were shown to be the key factor limiting oxide ion transport.

Ca₁₂Al₁₄O₃₃ material was prepared by two new methods with optimized microstructures and improved electrical properties compared to the solid-reaction method.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间发热门诊开展药学服务模式探索

目的结合新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)疫情防控特点,探讨医院发热门诊开展药学服务的工作模式。方法回顾整理新冠肺炎疫情防控期间发热门诊的药学服务工作,针对薄弱环节进行持续改进。结果与结论医院发热门诊在疫情防控第一时间实施电子处方,采取岗前培训、医师诊疗系统药学信息服务支持、推进发热门诊实时互动审方、探索通过互联网平台实现患者离院后药学服务延伸等有力措施,推动发热门诊药学服务工作的深入开展,保障了发热门诊患者用药安全性和有效性。随着"互联网+诊疗"模式的迅速兴起,"互联网+药学服务"平台亟待建立。     

医院结构化药学决策知识库建设实践与应用成效分析

目的介绍上海交通大学附属第六人民医院构建结构化药学决策知识库的方法及实践。方法首先进行药学信息结构化梳理,然后构建结构化药学决策知识库,并进行设置测试和运行,最后建立药学决策知识规则库的5步循环更新机制,用于实现用药决策支持功能。在此基础上,比较2016-2018年上半年不合理医嘱比例和构成。结果按用法用量、禁忌症、适应证、相互作用、配伍、特殊人群用药等特征,对药品应用信息进行结构化梳理,并进行设置测试和试运行,经过药事管理与药物治疗学委员会讨论备案后上线,笔者所在医院结构化药学决策知识库共计包含用药规则10 000余条,涉及药品1500余种。该系统自2017年初上线,将不合理医嘱比例从6.02%下降到2.07%,同时显著改变不合理医嘱构成,促进药学服务质量提升。结论笔者所在医院结构化药学决策知识库不仅能提高医疗服务效率和质量,而且能提升医院用药安全的管理水平。     

五味子丙素缓解血管紧张素 Ⅱ诱导的心脏炎性反应和心肌重构

目的探究五味子丙素对血管紧张素 Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)诱导小鼠心肌重构和炎性反应的影响。方法研究时间为 2018年 7月至 2019年 1月。皮下注射 Ang Ⅱ诱导 C57BL/6小鼠心肌重构。将 C57BL/6小鼠分为空白对照组、 Ang Ⅱ组、 Ang Ⅱ＋五味子丙素组(Ang Ⅱ+ShC组)皮下注射 Ang Ⅱ前一天开始给药处理, 8周后,处死小鼠,收集心脏组织。采用 ELISA法检测组织中肿瘤坏死因子 ?α(TNF?α)/白介,素?6(IL?6)的含量, RT?PCR法检测 IL?6、TNF?α、心钠肽(ANP)、脑钠肽( BNP)、肌球蛋白重链(MYHC)、转化生长因子 β(TGF?β)、胶原 IV(Collagen IV)和β?肌动蛋白(β?actin)的mRNA表达;生化试剂盒检测血液中的 CK?MB。结果与 AngⅡ组比较,五味子丙素治疗组心脏损伤被逆转,心重比降低［(6.32±0.99)‰比(4.93±0.17)‰,P＜0.05］,心功能相关基因 ANP［( 3.37±0.60)比( 1.41±0.37)倍, P＜0.05)和 BNP［( 2.51±0.75)比( 0.78±0.55)倍, P＜0.05］、促肥大基因 MYHC［( 2.57±0.74)比(1.18±0.26)倍, P＜0.05)、纤维化相关基因 TGF?β［(5.25±0.94)比( 1.78±0.57)倍, P＜0.05)和胶原 IV［(3.70±1.47)比( 1.68±0.56)倍, P＜0.05］的 mRNA表达下调,心脏组织 TNF?α/IL?6的 mRNA［分别为( 7.18±2.85)比( 2.92±0.86)倍, P＜0.05和( 12.89±5.40)比(4.29±3.43)倍, P＜0.05］和蛋白表达水平［分别为( 4.80±0.78)比(2.09±0.41)ng/mg,P＜0.05和(2.56±0.73)比( 1.23±0.41)ng/mg, P＜0.05］均显著降低。结论五味子丙素能有效缓解 Ang Ⅱ诱导的小鼠心肌重构,并伴随缓解炎性反应。     

滴通鼻炎喷涂凝胶剂体外释放度及大鼠鼻黏膜毒性研究

目的 研究滴通鼻炎喷涂凝胶剂的体外药物释放规律及鼻粘膜毒性。方法 采用无膜溶出法进行体外释放度实验,测定药物的累积溶蚀率和释放率,对黄芩苷、盐酸麻黄碱释药行为拟合数学模型进行分析;通过打喷嚏实验考察本品对大鼠的宏观刺激性,并结合HE染色法观察本品鼻粘膜毒性。结果 溶出曲线表明累积溶蚀率与累积释放率有较强线性关系,黄芩苷、盐酸麻黄碱体外释放符合一级动力学方程具缓释特征。本品对大鼠鼻腔有一定刺激性但停药可恢复;气管、支气管和肺部,均未出现红肿、充血等现象; HE染色表明,本品对大鼠鼻粘膜有轻微损伤,停药7天后,除阳性组粘膜固有层可见腺管上皮细胞发生轻度空泡变性,粘膜上皮细胞发生变性、坏死,固有层充血、出血外,其余各组均可恢复正常。结论 本品为溶蚀与扩散相结合的缓释制剂,对鼻粘膜毒性较小,停药可恢复,安全性较高。     

Cardiac protection of Bauhinia championii against reperfusion injury

This study aims to investigate the protective effects of the Bauhinia championii (BC) against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)‐induced injury in an isolated heart model. Langendorff‐perfused C57BL/6JNarl mice hearts were performed with 30 minutes ischemia and 60 minutes reperfusion by left anterior descending artery ligation. Before reperfusion, boiling water extracts of BC (10 mg/L) was pretreated for 15 minutes. During reperfusion, BC significantly decreased the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias by lead II electrocardiogram (ECG). Electrophysiological effect of BC was further determined in isolated ventricular myocytes by whole‐cell patch clamp technique. The underlying mechanism may result from its Na⁺ channel blocking activity characterized with reduced rise slope of action potential and Na⁺ current density. Moreover, BC dramatically reduced I/R‐caused infarct size, which was accessed by 2,3,5‐triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) assay. Since BC decreased I/R‐induced myoglobin release and oxidation of Ca²⁺‐calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase, inhibition of myocardial necroptosis may account for the protective effects of BC on myocytes lose. This study indicated that BC may prevent I/R induced ventricular arrhythmias and myocyte death by blocking Na⁺ channels and decreasing necroptosis, respectively. Since most of the available antiarrhythmic remedies have unwanted adverse actions, BC could be a novel candidate for the treatment of myocardial infarction and ventricular arrhythmia.     

Changes in thyroid hormone levels and related gene expressions in embryo–larval zebrafish exposed to binary combinations of bifenthrin and acetochlor

Ecotoxicology - Bifenthrin (BF) and acetochlor (AT) are widely used as an insecticide and herbicide, respectively, which are introduced to the aquatic environment as a natural result. Although the...