医院危机公关的媒介应对策略

危机管理的重点是危机预防,处理好媒介的关系则是化解危机的关键。建立完备的媒介应对策略,掌握信息传播的主动权,减少危机对医院的危害,并对危机处理的全过程做出评估,以应对各种危机对医院的考验。     

术中组织间植入125Ⅰ放射性粒子治疗Ⅲb期非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

目的 探讨术中组织间植入125Ⅰ放射性粒子治疗Ⅲb期非小细胞肺癌的疗效和可行性。方法 对32例Ⅲb期肺癌患者行根治手术＋术中植入125Ⅰ及术后化疗。术中在瘤床及淋巴引流区，每隔1cm植入125Ⅰ1粒，术后行TP方案化疗；设同期对照30例根治性手术＋术后外照射放疗及化疗，比较两组的1、3年生存率和局控率，统计采用X^2检验。结果 照射组及对照组随访超过36个月125Ⅰ组1、3年生存率分别为：63.8％，31．9％，对照组1、3年生存率分别为：50．6％，26．9％，两组生存率比较差异无显著性意义（P〉0.05）。两组局控率比较，125Ⅰ组高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论 术中植入125可减少局部复发，对总的生存改善不明显，对Ⅲb期患者有望获得治疗益处。肺癌术中植入125Ⅰ可作为综合治疗方法之一，以提高疗效。     

基于3D深度残差网络和多模态MRI的脑胶质瘤自动分级

目的:利用3D深度残差网络和多模态MRI实现对脑胶质瘤的自动分级。方法:利用BraTS2020公共数据集的293例高级别胶质瘤（HGG）和76例低级别胶质瘤（LGG）的多模态MRI数据训练和测试3D深度残差卷积网络模型。多模态MRI图像经过3D剪裁、重采样和归一化的预处理,随机分组为训练（64%）、验证（16%）和测试（20%）样本,将预处理后的多模态MRI图像和分级标注输入到网络模型进行训练、验证和测试。利用准确率（ACC）和受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线下面积（AUC）评价分级结果。结果:在59例（48例HGG和11例LGG）验证数据集上,ACC和AUC分别为0.93和0.97,在75例（62例HGG和13例LGG）测试数据集上,ACC和AUC分别为0.89和0.93。结论:3D深度残差网络在多模态MRI数据集上获得了较好的脑胶质瘤自动分级结果,可以为确定治疗方案和预测预后方面提供重要参考。     

TBI和环磷酰胺选择性去除同种异基因反应供者淋巴细胞的研究

本研究用全身照射(TBI)和环磷酰胺(CY)选择性去除同种异基因反应的供者淋巴细胞,为预防移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)的发生探索新的手段。以(BALB/c×C57BL/6)F1雌性小鼠(H-2d/b)为受鼠,于第0天接受亚致死量的60Co-γ射线全身照射,总剂量为4Gy,第1天接种P388D1白血病细胞,第2天输注由C57BL/6雄性小鼠(H-2b)为供鼠提供的MHC不匹配的供者脾淋巴细胞,在造血干细胞移植前诱导移植物抗白血病效应(GVL)。第6天腹腔注射环磷酰胺(CY)200mg/kg或再次TBI9Gy,选择性去除同种异基因反应供者淋巴细胞,第7天输注(BALB/c×C57BL/6)F1雄性小鼠(H-2d/b)提供的骨髓造血干细胞。结果显示:以CY和TBI选择性去除同种异基因反应供者淋巴细胞组的小鼠无白血病和GVHD的发生,生存期超过了210天,于移植后第21天出现完全供者嵌合,然后嵌合率下降,第90天表现为混合嵌合体(MC)。对照组的小鼠出现了白血病和GVHD,出血、感染明显,生存期短,为20-36天(P<0.01)。结论:同基因骨髓移植前输注不相匹配的供者脾细胞诱导GVL效应,然后再通过TBI和CY选择性去除同种异基因反应的供者淋巴细胞来预防移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)的发生是可能的。     

Survey of major chronic iIlnesses and hospital admissions via the emergency department in a randomized older population in Randwick,Australia

Objective: To find out if patients with chronic illnesses living in the community are at risk of unplanned hospital admissions through emergency departments; what types of chronic illnesses may be putative risk factors; and if an increase in the number of chronic illnesses may be associated with increased risk. Methods: The survey included the completion of a standardized questionnaire for medical illnesses in a random sample of older people dwelling in the community and analysis of admission records to our hospital. The principal diagnoses for admissions were recorded. The risk factors for admissions were analysed. Results: Five hundred and twenty‐six (239 men and 287 women) people aged 55 years and over were interviewed. Musculoskeletal disorders, hypertension, gastrointestinal disorders and ischaemic heart disease were the most frequently reported of the chronic illnesses surveyed. A total number of 70 people from the survey group with a total of 115 admissions through emergency departments were recorded. Using logistic regression model, hypertension, ischaemic heart disease and age were found to be risk factors for emergency admissions amongst this group of community‐dwelling residents. The ratios were 2.03 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2–3.44), 2.02 (95% CI: 1.16–3.49) and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02–1.09), respectively. Furthermore, multiple (three or more) chronic illnesses were found to be a strong predictor of hospital admission via emergency department (chi‐square = 16.647, DF = 1, P‐value < 0.001). Conclusion: We conclude that there was significant association between multiple chronic diseases and emergency admissions for older people. Of these, hypertension and ischaemic heart disease were found to be significant predictors. Age per se was found to be of borderline significance.     

Clinical and radiological outcomes of concomitant endoscopic gastrocnemius release with scarf osteotomy

Background

Studies showed patients with hallux valgus also have tight gastrocnemius concomitantly. This study aims to investigate (1) prevalence of tight gastrocnemius in symptomatic hallux valgus (2) clinical and radiological outcomes of concomitant endoscopic gastrocnemius release with scarf osteotomy.