203Pb-labeled alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone peptide as an imaging probe for melanoma detection.

Peptide-targeted alpha-therapy with 7.4 MBq of (212)Pb-[1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid]-ReO-[Cys(3,4,10),d-Phe(7),Arg(11)]alpha-MSH(3-13) ((212)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH) cured 45% of B16/F1 murine melanoma-bearing C57 mice in a 120-d study, highlighting its melanoma treatment potential. However, there is a need to develop an imaging surrogate for patient-specific dosimetry and to monitor the tumor response to (212)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH therapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH as a matched-pair SPECT agent for (212)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH. METHODS: DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH was labeled with (203)Pb in 0.5 M NH(4)OAc buffer at pH 5.4. The internalization and efflux of (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH were determined in B16/F1 melanoma cells. The pharmacokinetics of (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH was examined in B16/F1 melanoma-bearing C57 mice. A micro-SPECT/CT study was performed with (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH in a B16/F1 melanoma-bearing C57 mouse at 2 h after injection. RESULTS: (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH was easily prepared in NH(4)OAc buffer and completely separated from the excess nonradiolabeled peptide by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH displayed fast internalization and extended retention in B16/F1 cells. Approximately 73% of (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH activity internalized after a 20-min incubation at 25 degrees C. After incubation of the cells in culture medium for 20 min, 78% of internalized activity remained in the cells. (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH exhibited a biodistribution pattern similar to that of (212)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH in B16/F1 melanoma-bearing mice. (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH exhibited a peak tumor uptake of 12.00+/-3.20 percentage injected dose per gram (%ID/g) at 1 h after injection. The tumor uptake gradually decreased to 3.43+/-1.12 %ID/g at 48 h after injection. (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH exhibited a peak tumor-to-kidney uptake ratio of 1.53 at 2 h after injection. The absorbed doses to the tumor and kidneys were 4.32 and 4.35 Gy, respectively, per 37 MBq. Whole-body clearance of (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH was fast, with approximately 89% of the injected activity cleared through the urinary system by 2 h after injection. (203)Pb showed 1.6-mm SPECT resolution, which was comparable to (99m)Tc. Melanoma lesions were visualized through SPECT/CT images of (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH at 2 h after injection. CONCLUSION: (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH exhibited favorable pharmacokinetic and tumor imaging properties, highlighting its potential as a matched-pair SPECT agent for (212)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH melanoma treatment.     

Gene expression of human sperm component related to A4 amyloid precursor protein.

Monoclonal antibodies were raised against a specific human sperm protein and designated as the YWK-II mAb. The partial cDNA encoding the protein was isolated from a rat testis lambda gt11 expression library and the amino acid sequence of the protein was deduced. The cytoplasmic-transmembrane domains of the deduced protein had high homology with the A4 amyloid precursor protein of Alzheimer's disease. To evaluate the stage of spermatogenesis when the gene was expressed, single-stranded 35S-labeled RNA probes were prepared from the cDNA. By an in situ hybridization technique the mRNA for the antigen was detected in germ cells at all stages of spermatogenesis. The finding that the gene is expressed in spermatogonia suggests possible involvement in the initiation of germ cell differentiation or in the detachment of spermatogonia from the basement membrane.     

选择性髂内动脉结扎与栓塞对盆腔血供的影响

目的：旨在探讨选择性髂内动脉结扎与栓塞两种方法对盆腔血供的影响。方法：将两组犬在膀胱上动脉分支以下之髂内动脉分别行结扎与栓塞，对比观察两组膀胱创面出血、盆腔动脉造影及盆腔脏器组织学变化，以确定其盆腔脏器的血供情况。结果：①结扎组膀胱创面出血明显大于栓塞组；②结扎组髂内动脉侧支循环建立时间明显早于且数目多于栓塞组；③两组盆腔脏器均未见缺血坏死。结论：栓塞组阻断髂内动脉侧支循环的数目多于结扎组，故对盆腔血供的影响大于结扎组。避免髂内动脉阻断范围过广可减少盆腔脏器缺血坏死的机会。     

Brachydactyly type A3 is caused by a novel 13 bp HOXD13 frameshift deletion in a Chinese family

Brachydactyly type A (BDA) is defined as short middle phalanges of the affected digits and is subdivided into four types (BDA1‐4). To date, the molecular cause is unknown. However, there is some evidence that pathogenic variants of HOXD13 could be associated with BDA3 and BDA4. Here, we report a Chinese autosomal dominant BDA3 pedigree with a novel HOXD13 mutation. The affected individuals presented with an obviously shorter fifth middle phalanx. The radial side of the middle phalanx was shorter than the ulnar side, and the terminal phalanx of the fifth finger inclined radially and formed classical clinodactyly. Interestingly, the index finger was normal. The initial diagnosis was BDA3. However, the distal third and fourth middle phalanges were also slightly affected, resulting in mild radial clinodactyly. Both feet showed shortening of the middle phalanges, which were fused to the distal phalanges of the second to the fifth toes, as reported in BDA4. Therefore, this pedigree had combined BDA3 and atypical BDA4. By direct sequencing, a 13 bp deletion within exon 1 of HOXD13 (NM_000523.4: c.708_720del13; NP_000514.2: p.Gly237fs) was identified. The 13 bp deletion resulted in a frameshift and premature termination of HOXD13. This study provides further evidences that variants in HOXD13 cause BDA3‐BDA4 phenotypes.     

颅脑创伤急性期外周血白细胞变化的临床意义

目的 探讨颅脑创伤急性外周血白细胞（PWBC）数及中性粒细胞（PMN）比例与病情及预后的关系。方法 回顾性分析总结50例颅脑创伤急性期外周血白细胞数及性粒细胞比例,根据病情或预后分组分别进行比较。结果 颅脑创伤病情重者较病情轻者PWBC数与PWM比例显著提高（P＜0．05,P＜0．001）;恢复不良组及死亡组与恢复良好组相比,PWBC数显著增高（P＜0．05,P＜0．01）。结论 临床监测PWBC数及PMN比例可作为颅脑创伤患者的病情判断和预后估计的一项辅助指标。     

GAG-augmented polysaccharide hydrogel: a novel biocompatible and biodegradable material to support chondrogenesis

The quality of articular cartilage engineered using a cell-polymer construct depends, in part, on the chemical composition of the biomaterial and whether that biomaterial can support the chondrocytic phenotype. Acknowledging the supportive influence of tissue-specific matrix molecules on the chondrocytic phenotype, we have combined chondroitin sulfate-A (CSA) and chitosan, a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) analog, to develop a novel biomaterial to support chondrogenesis. Chitosan is a polycationic repeating monosaccharide of beta-1,4-linked glucosamine monomers with randomly located N-acetyl glucosamine units. Chitosan may be combined with the polyanionic CSA such that ionic crosslinking results in hydrogel formation. Bovine primary articular chondrocytes, when seeded onto a thin layer of CSA-chitosan, form discrete, focal adhesions to the material and maintain many characteristics of the differentiated chondrocytic phenotype, including round morphology, limited mitosis, collagen type II, and proteoglycan production. Our findings suggest CSA-chitosan may be well suited as a carrier material for the transplant of autologous chondrocytes or as a scaffold for the tissue engineering of cartilage-like tissue.     

肱桡肌皮瓣的应用解剖学研究

通过尸体解剖,观察了64侧肱桡肌的形态及其主要供血血管——桡侧返动脉的来源、起始部位、主干长度、外径、行经及分支分布。通过动脉内墨汁注射,观察了桡侧返动脉在肱桡肌皮瓣的皮肤供血范围。认为可以桡侧返动脉为蒂的肱桡肌皮瓣转移复盖肘关节的暴露伤及邻近的软组织缺损。也可制成带蒂的肌皮瓣作游离移植。文内讨论了该瓣的优缺点及转移复盖的范围。     

十二指肠腔内置管引流减压在毕-Ⅱ式胃大部切除术中应用疗效的观察

目的探讨防止毕-Ⅱ式胃大部切除术后十二指肠残端破裂发生的方法;方法对毕-Ⅱ式胃大部切除术中出现十二指肠残端水肿或血运差的病例,采取预防性十二指肠腔内置管引流减压的方法,收集临床资料、观察治疗效果;结果采取十二指肠腔内置管引流减压后,十二指肠残端破裂发生率明显下降;结论十二指肠腔内置管引流减压,可以预防十二指肠残端破裂的发生,并可拓宽溃疡穿孔病例采用胃大部切除术的适应证。     

微细药物表面包覆技术在制剂中的应用

新型药物开发制备过程中，需要对药物颗粒进行粒子设计，通过多层微胶囊化而得到复合包覆药物颗粒。药物包覆、微胶囊制备方法很多，可分为化学法、物理化学法、物理法。本文着重介绍了制备复合多层包覆药物颗粒的几种物理机械方法：复合杂化系统，高速椭圆转子混合法、喷流床包覆法。简要分析了该技术用于中药现代化加工的可能性。