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91.
In this paper, we address the problem of stable tracking control of a flexible macro-micro manipulator (M(3)) system. A two-layer neural network is utilized to approximate the nonlinear robot dynamic behavior of the M(3) system, and the controllers for the macro and micro arms are developed without any need for prior knowledge of the dynamic model of the controlled M(3) system. A learning algorithm for the neural network using Lyapunov stability theory is derived. It is shown that both the tracking error and the weight-tuning error are uniformly ultimately bounded under this new control scheme. Simulation results are presented and compared to those obtained using a PD controller. 相似文献
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93.
Nucleus24型人工耳蜗植入后的电极有效性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:随访耳蜗植入后出现蜗外电极或坏损电极的情况,评价人工耳蜗植入后电极的有效性。方法:1998年6月至2002年8月53例Nucleus CI24M型耳蜗植入者,在术中及术后映射调图时进行电极阻抗测试,确定有无电极坏损及其坏损时间。开机时拍摄耳蜗位X线平片,确定电极是否完全植入。分析手术过程和术者经验对电极有效性的影响。结果:电极出现坏损的比例为13.2%,电极在术中插拔两次以上而造成电极坏损的危险度为0.4656。4年累积生存率达96.2%。不完全植入的比例为15.1%,其中又以耳蜗形态异常者居多(7/11)。结论:Nucleus CI24M型植入体在开机1~4年内的可靠性较高。电极序列在术中插拔两次以上,是导致电极坏损的主要原因。患者耳蜗的纤维化、畸形以及术者经验等因素可能导致电极不完全插入。 相似文献
94.
Chun-Hsiung Huang Fang-Yuan Ho Hon-Ming Ma Chan-Tsung Yang Jiann-Jong Liau Hung-Chan Kao Tai-Horng Young Cheng-Kung Cheng 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2002,20(5):1038-1041
Osteolysis induced by ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene wear debris has been recognized as the major cause of long-term failure in total joint arthroplasties. In a previous study, the prevalence of intraoperatively identified osteolysis during primary revision surgery was much higher in mobile bearing knee replacements (47%) than in fixed bearing knee replacements (13%). We postulated that mobile bearing knee implants tend to produce smaller sized particles. In our current study, we compared the particle size and morphology of polyethylene wear debris between failed mobile bearing and fixed bearing knees. Tissue specimens from interfacial and lytic regions were extracted during revision surgery of 10 mobile bearing knees (all of the low contact stress (LCS) design) and 17 fixed bearing knees (10 of the porous-coated anatomic (PCA) and 7 of the Miller/Galante design). Polyethylene particles were isolated from the tissue specimens and examined using both scanning electron microscopy and light-scattering analyses. The LCS mobile bearing knees produced smaller particulate debris (mean equivalent spherical diameter: 0.58 microm in LCS, 1.17 microm in PCA and 5.23 microm in M/G) and more granular debris (mean value: 93% in LCS, 77% in PCA and 15% in M/G). 相似文献
95.
Huey-Juan Lin Poh-Shiow Yeh Tsung-Chia Tsai Tain-Junn Cheng Dershin Ke Kao-Chang Lin Jih-Gong Ho Chia-Yu Chang 《Journal of clinical neuroscience》2007,14(1):17-21
Using a prospective hospital-based registry, 146 patients with transient ischaemic attack (TIA) were compared with 376 patients with minor first-ever ischaemic stroke with respect to the 3-month risk of subsequent vascular events, in order to clarify the distinctions between the disease entities. All patients were enrolled within 48 h of onset. The risk factor distribution for the two groups was comparable, except that the TIA patients had more previous TIAs. Large artery atherosclerosis (34%) and small vessel occlusion (32%) were the main aetiologies in the TIA group, whereas small vessel occlusion (49%) was the major cause in the stroke group. The 3-month risk of combined endpoints of stroke, myocardial infarction, and vascular death for TIA patients was higher than that for the minor stroke group (15.1% vs. 3.2%; hazard ratio 4.6, 95% confidence interval 2.3-9.3 in multivariate analysis). Large artery atherosclerosis and male sex were the other significant predictors. TIA may demand more urgent management than minor stroke. The fact that aetiology is a predictor, highlights the need for rapid diagnostic tests to establish pathogenesis. 相似文献
96.
颈椎骨折类型与脊髓损伤关系之临床观察 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过对92例颈椎骨折病例的分析,发现屈曲型损伤最多见(53%),其次为过伸型(26%),压缩型(21%)。屈曲型和压缩型多见于年轻人,而屈曲损伤导致的脱位及过伸型则多见于年龄较大者。爆裂骨折引起的神经损害最重,其次为屈曲型、过伸型及压缩(非爆裂)骨折。神经功能改善率以爆裂型骨折最差,死亡率亦最高,以压缩(非爆裂型)骨折最好,其次为过伸型及屈曲型。文内对各型的特点进行了详细讨论。 相似文献
97.
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99.
A method has been derived for calculating the mean absorption time of an oral drug and its interconversion metabolite which is generated from the drug systemically and presystemically. The method evolves from the convolution integral and requires plasma AUC and AUMC values after separate intravenous administration of the drug and its interconversion metabolite and oral administration of the drug. It can also be used to calculate the mean input time of a drug undergoing reversible metabolism and administered by any other extravascular route. Results of a simulation study using both errorless and errant data indicate that, when the absorption rate constant of a drug or its interconversion metabolite is not much larger than the apparent elimination rate constant, the proposed method performs satisfactorily. However, when the absorption rate constant of a drug or its interconversion metabolite is much larger than the apparent elimination rate constant, the proposed method appears to be inaccurate. 相似文献
100.