Effects of Supraphysiological Testosterone Treatment and Orchiectomy on Ischemia/Reperfusion‐Induced Bladder Dysfunction in Male Rabbits

IntroductionThe roles of testosterone and orchiectomy on male bladder subjected to ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injuries received little attention. To fill this gap, the present study intended to examine testosterone and orchiectomy effects on male rabbits subjected to I/R damages.AimTo elucidate the effects of testosterone and orchiectomy on contractile response, bladder morphology, interstitial fibrosis, and oxidative stress in male rabbit bladder subjected to I/R surgery.MethodsMale New Zealand rabbits were distributed into five groups as follows: Group 1 received sham surgical procedure. In group 2, I/R surgery was performed. In group 3, testosterone (100 μg/kg/day) was intramuscularly injected prior to I/R surgery. In group 4, orchiectomy was performed prior to I/R surgery. In group 5, orchiectomy was performed with subsequent testosterone administration, followed by I/R surgery. All the rabbits were euthanized 7 days after I/R. Comparative studies were analyzed to elucidate the effects of testosterone and orchiectomy on bladder dysfunction subjected to I/R injuries.Main Outcome MeasuresBladder contractile function was evaluated. Masson's trichrome staining and immunohistochemical studies were performed to evaluate bladder morphology and intramural nerve terminals. Western blotting was examined to investigate the expressions of fibrosis and oxidative stress markers.ResultsI/R surgery significantly decreased bladder contractility in response to various stimulations with and without testosterone treatment. I/R damages decreased bladder nerve density with and without testosterone. The expressions of fibrosis and oxidative stress‐related proteins were increased by I/R injuries with or without testosterone treatment. Testosterone depletion significantly decreased the expressions of transforming growth factor‐β and fibronectin expressions after I/R injury. Supraphysiological testosterone treatment after orchiectomy greatly increased the expressions of these fibrosis proteins; however, orchiectomy alone ameliorated I/R injuries.ConclusionsTestosterone treatment or orchiectomy affected I/R‐induced bladder damages in male rabbits. Orchiectomy decreased the level of fibrosis and oxidative stress markers and increased neurofilament densities. Supraphysiological exogenous testosterone administration after orchiectomy further exacerbated such detrimental effects of I/R.     

RGD多肽化学修饰聚苯乙烯培养板的细胞相容性研究

目的 考察RGD多肽化学修饰聚苯乙烯培养板细胞相容性研究.方法 采用高锰酸钾硫酸溶液对聚苯乙烯表面进行氧化反应,生成羧基位点；水溶性碳二亚胺活化羧基,接枝明胶、胶原和RGD多肽.用红外光谱、X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)、动态接触角等研究了RGD化学修饰聚苯乙烯的变化,并考察了RGD化学修饰聚苯乙烯后细胞相容性的变化.结果 XPS结果证实了聚苯乙烯表面N原子的引入,RGD是共价键合在聚苯乙烯表面的.动态接触角下降显著,证明修饰表面的亲水性能提高.在修饰后的聚苯乙烯培养板种植入表皮细胞,结果显示提高了细胞的黏附和增殖能力.结论 聚苯乙烯表面进行RGD化学修饰,有利于提高细胞在其表面的黏附和增殖能力,有望为免疫磁珠分离得到的高纯度内皮祖细胞提供良好的培养介质.     

互联网联合PBL及CBL教学法在器官移植教学中的应用

目的探讨借助互联网优势将PBL和CBL结合的教学模式在器官移植本科教学中的运用价值。方法将48名同等学历临床实习学生随机分为试验组和对照组(每组24名),试验组借助互联网平台结合PBL,CBL的教学模式相教学,对照组采用LBL教学模式教学;教学以闭卷考试,操作考核,问卷调查等形式进行教学效果评价。结果试验组同学的理论考试和技能操作考核结果均优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05),教师对学员总体评价试验组高于对照组且试验组同学认为此种教学方法更加利于各学科知识衔接,知识拓展和综合素质提高。结论借助互联网优势将PBL和CBL结合的教学模式可以提高学生专业成绩和专业技能,同时也能拓展学生知识,提高学生综合素质,适用于器官移植科的本科教学。     

Preoperative Evaluation and Endovascular Procedure of Intraoperative Aneurysm Rupture During Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair

Thoracic aortic aneurysms are now routinely repaired with endovascular repair if anatomically feasible because of advantages in safety and recovery. However, intraoperative aneurysm rupture is a severe complication which may have an adverse effect on the outcome of treatment. Comprehensive preoperative assessment and considerate treatment are keys to success of endovascular aneurysm repair, especially during unexpected circumstances. Few cases have reported on intraoperative aortic rupture, which were successfully managed by endovascular treatment. Here, we present a rare case of an intraoperative aneurysm rupture during endovascular repair of thoracic aortic aneurysm with narrow neck and angulated aorta arch (coarctation-associated aneurysm), which was successfully treated using double access route approach and iliac limbs of infrarenal devices. Level 5.     

106例高龄老年房颤患者的抗栓治疗分析

目的探讨75岁以上高龄老年房颤患者的栓塞及出血风险及目前本院的抗栓治疗现状。方法根据2010年欧洲心脏病学会《房颤治疗指南》中的CHA2DS2．VASe评分标准和HAS．BLED评分标准，对2011年3月-2011年9月在我院老年医疗科病房明确诊断存在心房纤颤、且年龄I〉60岁的老年患者分成〈75岁（老年组）和〉175岁（高龄老年组）两组，对两组患者的相关资料进行对照分析。结果高龄老年组的CHA2DS2-VASe评分（5．65±1．12）和HAS-BLED评分（3．60±0．84）均显著高于老年组（分别为3．55±1．15和2．85±0．81）；两组的抗栓治疗的比例均较低，且有显著差异（51．28％vs62．34％）。结论年龄〉75岁的高龄老年房颤患者存在极高的栓塞及出血双重风险，抗栓治疗的实施率也显著降低。对该类人群的治疗必须依托安全有效的抗栓策略，以改善目前的治疗现状。     

腹腔镜治疗小儿食管裂孔疝的疗效分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜治疗小儿食管裂孔疝的有效率、术后并发症及满意度。方法:回顾分析2011年12月至2015年12月收治的食管裂孔疝患儿的临床资料,电话问卷调查术后症状评分、症状复发、术后并发症及满意度情况。结果:共成功随访42例,其中Ⅰ型食管裂孔疝31例,Ⅱ型2例,Ⅲ型6例,Ⅳ型3例。手术治疗总体有效率为90.2%,术后患者各项症状评分较治疗前均有显著下降。症状复发2例,解剖复发3例。术后长期并发症发生率为9.5%。90.5%的患儿对治疗效果满意,9.5%感觉一般,无一例不满意。结论:腹腔镜治疗小儿食管裂孔疝具有微创、复发率低、并发症少、满意度高等优势,经验丰富、操作熟练的外科医生不仅能降低手术复发率、减少术后并发症,也能提高手术有效率。     

Design,synthesis and biological evaluation of novel quinoline [4,3-b]chromene derivatives as AChE inhibitors through an efficient one-pot,four-component microwave-mediated reaction

An efficient synthesis of chromeno[4,3-b]quinoline derivatives via one-pot, four-component reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin, formaldehyde, cyclohexanedione, ammonium ceric nitrate under microwave irradiation was accomplished. The structures of these compounds were unambiguously confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, the anti-AChE activities of these compounds in vitro were investigated at concentrations of 20 μM and 50 μM by using a standard Ellman’s method. The relationship of inhibitory activities and structures of these chromeno [4,3-b]quinolines was also systematically studied. Of all the compounds investigated, 4ag emerged as the most potent AChE inhibitor with IC₅₀ values of 5.63 µM, and it might be used as potent lead for the development anti-AChE agents. Moreover, molecular modelling was conducted to understand the optimal interaction of AChE with these types of compounds.