照射后大鼠外周血红细胞扫描电镜观察

本文用扫描电镜观察了6.25Gy全身照射后大鼠外周血红细胞表面形态的变化。于照前和照后l、3、7、14和30天取材,在2000倍率下各观察200个细胞,并算出正常和异形细胞的百分数。正常红细胞的形态是光滑的、双面凹的圆盘形,其直径3.3～5.2μ,照射前正常红细胞占总数98.15%(96.0～99.0%),异形红细胞很少。其中包括单嵴样红细胞,隆突形红细胞、球口形红细胞以及棘状红细胞等。照后1和3天,异形红细胞数明显增多,正常形态红细胞的百分数从照前的88.15分别降到96.55和93.45(P<0.05和P<0.001)。照后7天,正常形态红细胞的百分数又接近照前水平。     

活体亲属肾移植手术的17例报告

目的总结活体亲属肾移植的临床经验。方法对供、受者进行全面的免疫学检查，对供者行IVU检查了解分侧肾功能，行DSA或MRA、螺旋CT血管三维成像检查了解血管的变异情况之后，开放式手术摘取供肾13例，经后腹腔镜活体供肾摘取4例，按常规方法移植给受者。免疫抑制方案为环孢素A（或FK506）、霉酚酸酯（或硫唑嘌呤、雷帕鸣）、强的松三联免疫抑制剂。结果13例开放式手术时间1．5～3．0h，平均2．0h；热缺血时间1．0～1．5min，平均1．2min；术中出血量60～200ml，平均140ml，术中及术后均未输血；术后住院7～10d，平均8d。4例后腹腔镜手术时间3．0～4．5h，平均3．5h；热缺血时间2．5～3．5min，平均2．8min；术中出血量60～100ml，平均75ml，术中及术后均未输血；术后3～5d出院。移植肾血液循环恢复后10～40s泌尿，平均20s。1例受者术后45d发生轻微的急性排斥反应，应用激素冲击3d后逆转，其余受者均无并发症。随访4～60个月，人／肾存活率为100％，移植肾功能良好。结论活体亲属肾移植安全可行，取左肾尽量靠近腹主动脉壁切断肾动脉，取右肾切取少许下腔静脉片。     

Development of a risk-adjusted capitation model based on principal inpatient diagnoses in Taiwan.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Taiwan's National Health Insurance (NHI) program has considered the use of capitation payments to health care providers as a method for control of the rising costs of the system. The establishment of capitation payments usually requires the performance of risk adjustment. The purposes of this study were to develop a diagnosis-based risk adjustment model for the NHI and to evaluate its predictability. METHODS: Using a 2% random sample of 371,620 NHI enrollees, the authors developed a Taiwan version of the Principal Inpatient Diagnosis Cost Groups (TPIPDCGs) from 1996 claim records to predict an individual's expenditure in 1997. Weighted least squares regression models were built in an estimation sample (two-thirds of the study sample), and were cross-validated in a validation sample (the remaining one-third of the study sample). Predictive R2 and predictive ratios were used to evaluate the model's predictability. RESULTS: Only 7.88% of the study sample could be classified into 1 of the 16 TPIPDCGs. Combined with demographic variables, which alone could explain 3.7% of the variation in an individual's future expenditure, the risk adjustment model based on TPIPDCGs could explain 12.2% of expenditure variation. In addition, the finding that the predictive ratios of the TPIPDCG model approximated unity better than those of the demographic model in all subgroups indicates that the capitation payment as predicted by the TPIPDCG model for each subgroup would better correlate to the actual spending. CONCLUSION: Taiwan's risk-adjusted capitation model based on principal inpatient diagnoses has higher predictability on individual's future expenditure than its counterpart in the USA. This finding provides insight into not only the development of Taiwan's diagnosis-based risk adjustment models but also the necessity of modification when applying foreign-developed risk adjustment models to the NHI.     

合理配置资源强化应用管理提高装备效率

对卫生部、国家发展和改革委员会、财政部联合发布<大型医用设备配置与使用管理办法>的现实意义、主要特点和如何贯彻执行,进行了阐述,以期引起同行的讨论.     

内蒙古地区食管癌组织中人乳头瘤病毒的检测

目的:了解内蒙古地区HPV感染与食管癌的关系,探讨HPV在食管癌病因学中的作用.方法:应用通用引物PCR法检测食管癌标本中HPV DNA.结果:在来自内蒙古地区41例食管癌标本中,HPV DNA检出率为零.结论:内蒙古地区食管癌发生可能与HPV感染无关.     

Enhancing laboratory report contents to improve outpatient management of test results

In today''s environment, providers are extremely time-constrained. Assembling relevant contextual data to make decisions on laboratory results can take a significant amount of time from the day. The Regenstrief Institute has created a system which leverages data within Indiana Health Information Exchange''s (IHIE''s) repository, the Indiana Network for Patient Care (INPC), to provide well-organized and contextual information on returning laboratory results to outpatient providers. The system described here uses data extracted from INPC to add historical test results, medication-dispensing events, visit information, and clinical reminders to traditional laboratory result reports. These “Enhanced Laboratory Reports” (ELRs) are seamlessly delivered to outpatient practices connected through IHIE via the DOCS4DOCS clinical messaging service. All practices, including those without electronic medical record systems, can receive ELRs. In this paper, the design and implementation issues in creating this system are discussed, and generally favorable preliminary results of attitudes by providers towards ELRs are reported.     

Feasibility of establishing cerebral ischemia models by using aerocyst-blocking bilateral ascending pharyngeal artery of piglets Imaging assessment

BACKGROUND: The cerebral ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion animal models are used to simulate the human cerebrovascular diseases is one of the popular topics of neurological science recently. To study the pathophysiology, pathogenesis, prophylaxis and treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases and to establish the ideal animal model that is the most similar to the human cerebral ischemia, are the topics that the people generally cared about. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of aerocyst-blocking bilateral ascending pharyngeal artery on the establishment of cerebral ischemia models by using digital subtraction angiography (DSA), magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and magnetic resonance perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI). DESIGN: Repetitive measure animal experiment. SETTING: Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University. MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Animal Laboratory (Provincial Laboratory), Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian Univeristy from January to May 2006. A total of 14 domestic piglets, of 6 months old, weighing 12–15 kg, of either gender, were selected from Animal Experimental Center, Dalian University. Multistar T.O.P digital subtraction angiography machine was provided by Siemens Company, German. METHODS: Aerocyst-blocking bilateral ascending pharyngeal artery was used to establish cerebral ischemia models. And then, Multistar T.O.P. DSA was used for imaging of cerebral vessels before blocking, during blocking and at 0.5 and 2 hours after ischemia perfusion. GE Signa 1.5 T supraconduction magnetic resonance imaging was used for DWI examination; in addition, PWI was used based on focal sites and areas. Otherwise, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to detect signal changes of T1WI and T2WI in ischemic areas. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Analytic results of DSA, DWI, PWI and MRI. RESULTS: All 14 experimental piglets were involved in the final analysis. ① DSA: The blood flow of bilateral ascending pharyngeal arteries and its branch were blocked at blocking phase, which restored 0.5 and 2 hours after reperfusion. ② DWI and PWI: There were no observable abnormalities in PWI and DWI at pre-blocking. Abnormal increased signals were found on both DWI and PWI at during and post-blocking. There were reduction in ADC and rCBF and delay in rTTP at all time points except pre-blocking. ③ MRI: There were no abnormal signals observable at any time of pre- and post-blocking in T1WI and T2WI. CONCLUSION: It is feasible to establish this kind of animal experimental models, and it can simulate the ischemic state; meanwhile, the existence and extent can be showed directly by DSA, DWI, and PWI.     

Synovial sarcoma of the temporomandibular joint area: report of a case.

Synovial cell sarcoma is a relatively rare tumor of mesenchymal origin. It is a high-grade neoplasm that microscopically shows a monophasic or biphasic cellular pattern and includes epithelial features as well as supporting tissue features. Surgical excision is the primary mode of treatment. Postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy also is seen to be helpful. Between 3% and 10% of cases originate in the head and neck. A review of relevant literature shows less than 10 cases of synovial cell sarcoma of the temporomandibular joint area reported in the English literature. We report an additional case of biphasic synovial cell sarcoma arising in the temporomandibular joint area, which caused ear pain, tinnitus, and hearing loss, and we further discuss the clinical features, histopathology, differential diagnosis, and treatment modality.