Eruptive pseudo‐angiomatosis lesions are associated with intravascular neutrophils and do not harbour Epstein–Barr virus

Background Eruptive pseudo‐angiomatosis (EPA) is a rare, relatively newly described cutaneous disorder characterized by the sudden onset of several bright red, angioma‐like papules surrounded by blanched halo. Its aetiology is unknown; however, viral infection or mosquito bites have been speculated as possible causes. Objective This study aims to determine the clinical and histopathological features of EPA, and whether it is associated with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection. Methods We conducted a retrospective chart review of 25 EPA cases from 2006 to 2008. In order to determine latent EBV infection, EBV‐encoded small RNA (EBER) in situ hybridization was performed in 18 subjects. To determine EPA's distinguishing histological characteristics, we compared the cases with 22 control cases of perivascular lymphocytic infiltration for haematoxylin and eosin, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD31 and c‐kit staining patterns. Results The patient sample's female‐to‐male ratio was 2.1 : 1, and the patients’ age ranged from 5 to 79 years (average 46 years). The lesions appeared during the months of July to September in all but 3 patients. Skin biopsies demonstrated capillary ectasia with perivascular mononuclear cellular infiltrates in the upper dermis. Most patients were otherwise healthy, and routine laboratory results were all normal except in one patient who had diabetes. The skin lesions faded without any treatment in 1–2 weeks. Results of EBER in situ hybridization were all negative. The only histological distinguishing feature of EPA was the presence of intravascular neutrophils, which was found to be present in 19 of the 20 EPA cases (95%), in contrast to only 3 of the 22 control subjects (14%) (P < 0.0001). Conclusion The sudden onset of lesions during the summer months among our patients supports the ‘paraviral eruption’ concept of this probably underdiagnosed condition. The significant presence of intravascular neutrophils may be a diagnostic clue of EPA in South Korea.     

可验证的剪应变溃疡病因理论和胃溃疡发生机制

建立一个合乎逻辑的科学的消化性溃疡病因理论,以反映溃疡病在现实中所有的问题．归纳在现实中与胃溃疡相关的事物,循证演绎溃疡形成的过程．溃疡发生的原因是剪应变．胃溃疡的发生是当胃壁回缩时,凸向胃腔内的高张力皱褶,直接或间接地作用在高张力机体组织的同一个位置上,长时间的挤压或频繁地冲压碾磨超过极限,黏膜肌层被剪切,发生了剪应变,造成肌层缺损成溃疡．溃疡病的发生是正常生理组织和生理功能,在一定条件下产生的结果．源于现实的溃疡剪应变理论,可以在实践中得到检验．     

Heterogeneity in human prothrombin: analysis of cause

Two fractions of human prothrombin can be isolated from single donor plasma by the technique of heparin-agarose chromatography in (sodium) citrate buffer, pH 7.5, as previously reported for pooled plasma. The two fractions, designated H-II1 and H-II2, are found in a ratio of approximately 4:1. Both forms comigrate in sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis; however, under nondenaturing electrophoretic conditions, each fraction migrates as a discrete entity with a different mobility. The larger fraction (H-II1) has a faster mobility towards the anode. Isoelectric focusing in urea of H-II1 reveals that it has two components, a minor component with a pl of 5.25 (H-II1a) and a major component with a pl of 5.40 (H-II1b). H-II2 has a pl of 5.6 H- II1 and H-II2 possess the same amino terminal residue (alanine, 0.87- 0.92 mole/mole) and the same number of gamma -carboxyglutamic acid residues (9.8-10.5). Their amino acid composition is indistinguishable. However, the two fractions of prothrombin differ in their content of neutral sugar and of sialic acid residues. Removal of sialic acid with neuraminidase abolishes the electrophoretic heterogeneity. Thus, the charge heterogneity of the three variants of prothrombin found in normal human plasma appears to result exclusively from differences in the number of sialic acid residues attached to the protein moiety of the molecule.     

Psychological responses to the needle-free Medi-Jector® or the multidose Disetronic® injection pen in human growth hormone therapy

The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that daily administration of growth hormone using the Medi-Jector® results in fewer adverse psychological responses than needle injection with a multidose injection pen. The Medi-Jector is a needle-free injection device that can deliver growth hormone subcutaneously through jet injection. The group studied consisted of 18 children aged 10 y or over who were participating in a study of the bioequivalence and bioequipotence of the administration of growth hormone through jet injection or needle injection. Previously, all subjects had received growth hormone therapy with commercially available multidose injection pens. The study was designed as a prospective, randomized, two-period cross-over trial. A questionnaire was used to assess psychological responses such as non-compliance, opinion on ease of preparation, affective responses to administration and local side-effects, as well as overall preference. In addition, the subjects kept a diary during the study. The subjects found the Medi-Jector less offputting (p < 0:01), less painful with respect to both frequency (p <0.04) and intensity (p < 0.01) and less unpleasant (p < 0.05) than a multidose injection pen with a 28G needle (p <0.01). No difference in compliance was detected. Most subjects preferred the Medi-Jector for future use (p < 0.05). The mean score on a 1–10 point scale (10 is excellent) was 7.9 (SD 1.4) for the Medi-Jector and 6.8 (SD2.3) for the multidose injection pen (p <0.08). The prevalence of visible bruises each day was higher (p < 0.01) with the Medi-Jector (2.5, SD 2.1) than with the multidose injection pen (0.7, SD 1.1), but children showed indifferent affective responses to bruising. Thirteen out of 18 subjects decided to continue therapy with the Medi-Jector (p < 0.06). It is concluded that use of the Medi-Jector in growth hormone therapy tends to lead to fewer adverse psychological responses than a multidose injection pen with 28G needles.     

消旋(15R)-15甲基PGE2甲酯(PG6E)对在体大鼠胃酸分泌的抑制作用

消旋（１５Ｒ）１５甲基ＰＧＥ２甲酯（ＰＧ６Ｅ）对在体大鼠胃酸分泌的抑制作用徐瑞明张守仁金碧燕韩超吴元鎏（中国医学科学院，中国协和医科大学药物研究所，北京１０００５０）ＰＧ６Ｅ是我所已合成的ＰＧＥ２类化合物，前文报道ＰＧ６Ｅ对动物实验性溃疡的保护作用...     

Maternally acquired immunity in newborns from women infected by the human immunodeficiency virus

Maternally acquired immunity was studied in 16 pairs of human immunodeficiency virus (H1V)-seropositive women and their newborns, and was compared to 18 control mother-newborn pairs. The HIV-infected women had higher IgG levels than the control subjects, but no difference was observed between newborn samples, presumably due to the limited placental IgC transfer in the HIV group. A poor type 2 poliovirus antibody transfer was also noted in this group. The population of newborns lacking demonstrable measles antibodies was higher in the HIV group than in the control group, probably because many of the HIV-infected mothers lacked measles antibodies also. These results show that maternally acquired immunity may be affected to newborns from HIV-infected women, either because of low maternal serum antibody levels or deficient transplacental transfer. If so, the measles vaccine schedule should be revised for these children and the same should be done for future passive immunization regarding fetus protection in pregnant HIV-seropositive women.     

山茱萸化学成分的研究

从山茱萸(Cornus officinalis Sieb.et Zucc.)的果实中分得一新的双环烯醚萜甙化合物,命名为山茱萸新甙(cornuside)。通过波谱分析(IR,MS,¹HNMR和¹³CNMR)和理化常数测定,确定了它的结构。     

6,7-亚甲二氧基-1(2H,4H)-吖啶酮衍生物的合成及镇痛作用

报道13个6,7-亚甲二氧基-1(2H,4H)-吖啶酮衍生物的合成。初步药理实验表明:合成的化合物均有不同程度的镇痛作用,其中化合物Ⅱe的镇痛效力最强。