分泌性中耳炎对内耳听觉功能的影响

为了解分泌性中耳炎（ Ｏ Ｍ Ｅ）对内耳听觉功能的影响,对 Ｏ Ｍ Ｅ２２０ 例、３０４ 耳分别进行纯音测听及声阻抗测定。结果表明,部分 Ｏ Ｍ Ｅ 患者骨导听阈升高,除造成传音性耳聋外,合并感音性耳聋（ Ｓ Ｎ Ｈ Ｌ）为３１８％ ,并随着病程延长, Ｓ Ｎ Ｈ Ｌ 发病率增高。提示应积极有效地治疗本病,应用扩血管及营养神经药物可防治 Ｓ Ｎ Ｈ Ｌ的发生。     

蝶腭,筛前神经及鼻甲联合手术治疗常年性变应性鼻炎

在鼻内窥镜下为４０例行蝶腭、筛前神经及鼻甲联合手术治疗常年性变应性鼻炎。结果：术后１月全部患者症状消失,显效１００％;术后１年显效３３例,占８２．５％;有效６例,占１５％,有效率为９７．５％。提示该方法可广泛阻滞鼻腔副交感神经来源,降低鼻粘膜感觉灵敏部位敏感性以及感觉—副交感神经反射,破坏喷嚏反射弧的传入通路,使鼻粘膜对外界刺激敏感性下降,血管扩张减轻,腺体分泌减少,对常年性变应性鼻炎有明显疗效。     

脓毒症中骨骼肌有氧糖酵解增强与细胞Na+、K+、ATP酶活性改变间的关系

目的:观察和分析细胞膜有关的能量代谢状态改变对正常及脓毒症大鼠的不同类型骨骼肌乳酸产生量的影响.方法:借助大鼠脓毒症模型,建立伸趾长肌和比目鱼肌的充分供氧离体孵育系统,利用特异性Na+、K+、ATP酶抑制剂--哇巴因,干预细胞膜钠钾泵的活性,采用NADH荧光探针方法,检测骨骼肌组织细胞乳酸的产生量及其变化.结果:①应用哇巴因可显著降低正常及脓毒症大鼠肌肉组织的乳酸产生量;②哇巴因对伸趾长肌有氧糖酵解过程的抑制作用较比目鱼肌更为明显.结论:在正常和脓毒症情况下,肌肉组织细胞有关功能活动的增强而导致的Na+、K+、ATP酶活性升高是其乳酸产生增加的重要原因.     

血清Ⅳ型胶原测定在肾移植中的意义

目的：探讨血清Ⅳ型胶原（Ⅳ－Ｃ）动态变化在肾移植术后监测中的意义。方法：检测６１例肾移植患者血清Ⅳ－Ｃ浓度,观察不同病情状况时血清Ⅳ－Ｃ浓度的改变。结果显示：肾移植术前及术后动态测定血清Ⅳ－Ｃ浓度有助于早期诊断和鉴别诊断急性排斥反应（ＡＲ）、急性肾小管坏死（ＡＴＮ）和感染,可作为肾移植监测的一个辅助指标。     

Preliminary result of mixed bacterial vaccine as adjuvant treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Mixed bacterial vaccine (MBV) was employed in the multi-modality treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during 1985-1988. Thirty eight patients undergoing palliative resection and cisplatin therapy (Series 1) and 48 patients with unresectable HCC who received hepatic artery ligation + intraarterial cisplatin infusion + radiotherapy (Series 2) were randomized to receive MBV or not. In series 1, the 1- and 2-year survival rates of MBV group and control were 75% vs 58% (P = 0.19) and 45% vs 39% (P = 0.23). In series 2, the 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates were 59%, 41% and 41% for MBV group and 39%, 25% and 20% for the control, respectively (P1 = 0.07, P2 = 0.09, P3 = 0.07). In addition, MBV improved the "second look" resection rate to 40% as compared to 17% in the control (P greater than 0.05). MBV could also prevent such immunosuppression as decrease of macrophage activity caused by radiotherapy. We consider MBV a potential nonspecific immunostimulant in the multimodality treatment of HCC.     

Efficacy of "high-intensity" blue-light and "standard" daylight phototherapy for non-haemolytic hyperbilirubinaemia

We report our clinical experience with phototherapy in 3802 infants; 3629 were exposed to "standard" daylight phototherapy and 173 to "high-intensity" blue-light phototherapy. High-intensity blue-light phototherapy was twice as effective as standard daylight phototherapy in decreasing bilirubin concentrations. No failures occurred with high-intensity phototherapy compared with an overall failure rate of 1.84/1000 with daylight lamps; these cases were transferred to high-intensity phototherapy with prompt response. Rebound after cessation of phototherapy was greater in those exposed to high-intensity blue light with a significantly greater number requiring a second exposure. However, the incidence was still low. No third exposure was required in any infant. Nursing of infants under high-intensity blue light was more difficult and inconvenient as was clinical monitoring. The light also caused more stress on the nursing and medical personnel. However, the infants tolerated both types of phototherapy equally well. High-intensity blue-light phototherapy would seem to be the treatment of choice for infants with rapidly increasing or very high bilirubin levels, as well as in those not responding adequately to daylight phototherapy.     

铜绿假单孢菌生物被膜相关大鼠肺慢性感染免疫逃逸的研究

将藻酸盐-粘液型铜绿假单胞菌接种于免疫抑制大鼠，感染两周后，应用菌落计数法测定大鼠肺内存活菌数，光镜、透射电镜观察大鼠肺部病理改变，ELISA方法测定大鼠外周血IgG抗体，建立了稳定的铜绿假单胞菌生物被膜相关肺慢性感染大鼠模型，探讨铜绿假单胞菌生物被膜相关感染免疫逃逸现象。     

头孢硫脒等6种抗菌药物对革兰氏阳性球菌体外抗菌活性研究

目的 对比研究头孢硫脒(CTM)、头孢唑林(CEZ)、头孢映辛(CXM)、头孢曲松(CRO)、苯唑西林(MPIPC)、万古霉素(VCM)对99株临床分离革兰氏阳性球菌的抗菌活性。方法采用琼脂平板稀释法测定最低抑菌浓度(MIC)。结果 CTM对32株金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC50、MIC90均为0．5mg/L，低于CRO，CTM对29株表皮葡萄球菌的MIC50、MIC90分别为0．125和8mg/L，是CRO的l／16，对9株甲氧西林耐药的葡萄球菌(MRS)的范围与CXM相近；CTM对粪肠球菌的抗菌活性与万古霉家相仿，强于CEZ、CXM、CRO、LGIPC。结论头孢硫腺对葡萄球菌和粪肠球菌具有很强的体外抗菌活性。     

Altered neural control of micturition in the aged F344 rat

The purpose of this study was to determine whether micturition reflexes are altered in aged rats. Voiding frequencies and awake cystometrograms (CMGs) were measured in young (3–5 months old) and aged (24 months) F344 male rats. Bladder contractions induced by subcutaneous apomorphine and intravesical capsaicin stimulation were measured using awake CMGs. Urodynamic parameters were compared. Aged rats voided less frequently (4.1 vs 6.9 times/18 h, P=0.006), with a higher volume per void (1.1 vs 0.7 ml, P=0.02) and had a higher micturitional threshold pressure (8.7 vs 4.6 mmHg, P=0.0001) than the young rats. Apomorphine induced a higher frequency of bladder contractions in aged animals compared to young animals (5.5 vs 3.1 contractions/min, P=0.03). Intravesical capsaicin caused a lower pressure bladder response in the aged rats (38.5 vs 70.6 mmHg, P=0.01) compared to the young rats. Bladder afferents and central micturition pathways may be altered in aged rats. Impaired bladder contractility in the elderly may be exacerbated by reduced sensory input, whereas the propensity for detrusor instability could result from altered central processing. This study demonstrated the utility of the F344 animal model to study micturitional changes resulting from aging. Received: 14 April 2000 / Accepted: 4 July 2000     

Percutaneous sacral third nerve root neurostimulation improves symptoms and normalizes urinary HB-EGF levels and antiproliferative activity in patients with interstitial cystitis

OBJECTIVES: A highly effective treatment for interstitial cystitis (IC) remains elusive. We determined whether sacral third nerve root (S3) percutaneous neurostimulation (PNS) might be effective in relieving symptoms of IC, as well as in normalizing urinary factors that are specifically altered in IC. METHODS: Six consecutive patients with symptoms and cystoscopic findings compatible with IC underwent 5 days of continuous S3 neurostimulation by way of leads placed percutaneously into the S3 foramen. Patients filled out voiding frequency diaries and pain and urgency questionnaires before PNS and at the end of PNS when the leads were removed. Urine specimens were collected at these two time points and measured for heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and for antiproliferative factor (APF) activity by (3)H-thymidine uptake by normal human bladder urothelial cells. RESULTS: S3 PNS significantly improved all measured parameters toward normal values. Voiding frequency decreased twofold from 23.1 +/- 4.6 to 10.6 +/- 4.0 voids daily during PNS (P = 0.0001). Pelvic pain on a scale of 1 to 10 decreased from 7.0 +/- 1.6 to 2.3 +/- 3.2 (P = 0.05). Urinary urgency on a scale of 1 to 10 decreased from 6.0 +/- 2.2 to 1.8 +/- 1.7 (P = 0. 02). Urinary HB-EGF concentration increased sevenfold from 1.5 +/- 2. 1 to 11.0 +/- 1.7 ng/mL (P <0.0001), and urinary APF activity decreased from -76.1% +/- 31% to -4.5% +/- 8.8% (P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: S3 PNS significantly decreased symptoms and normalized urinary HB-EGF and APF activity in patients with IC. These results suggest that permanent S3 PNS may be beneficial in treating IC.