Serum bone markers in patients with loosening of cemented total hip endoprosthesis]

Serum levels of bone markers N-mid osteocalcin (OCN-Mid) and Cross-Laps in 20 patients (8 men and 12 women) with loosening of at least one element of total hip endoprosthesis confirmed during operation were compared with age and sex matched group with OA. Marker levels were measured by direct chemoluminescency using Modular E-170. Statistical analysis were done with t-Student test (alpha = 0.05). There were no significant differences in OCN-Mid, Cross-Laps levels and OCN-Mid/Cross-Laps ratio between both groups. Implant loosening is a slow process taking place on a relatively small surface in comparison to whole skeleton, so bone markers have no clinical value in diagnostics of total hip loosening.     

亚硒酸钠对顺铂致人体淋巴细胞增殖抑制的拮抗作用

目的 检测亚硒酸钠是否能够削弱或解除顺铂对植物血球凝激素(PHA)刺激的人体外周血淋巴细胞的增殖抑制。方法 用顺铂和亚硒酸钠单独或联合处理PHA刺激的人体外周血淋巴细胞，顺铂(0．05，0．20，0．50mg／L)在细胞培养24h时加入，亚硒酸钠(0．05mg／L)在不同处理中分别在细胞培养开始时加入或与顺铂同时加入；培养72h后检测转化淋巴细胞的有丝分裂指数。结果0．05mg/L亚硒酸钠在培养开始时加入，PHA刺激转化的淋巴细胞有丝分裂指数较对照增长42．8％(P＜0．05)，与顺铂同时加入，有丝分裂指数增长13．7％(P＞0．05)。0．05与0．20mg/L顺铂处理细胞，有丝分裂指数未发生显性改变，当顺铂剂量为0．50mg/L时，细胞有丝分裂指数较对照降低54．5％(P＜0．001)。亚硒酸钠预处理细胞可以解除0．50mg/L顺铂所致的细胞增殖抑制，使有丝分裂指数恢复正常，但亚硒酸钠与顺铂同时加入时，被顺铂抑制的有丝分裂指数只能部分提高。结论0．05mg/L亚硒酸钠单独作用于淋巴细胞可直接促进细胞增殖，与顺铂联合处理细胞时，可降低顺铂毒性，拮抗顺铂的抗增殖作用。亚硒酸钠在细胞培养开始时加入培养体系效果更佳。     

nm23-H1基因转染对人胆管癌细胞系QBC939体外浸润能力的影响

目的：探讨nm23-H1基因转染对人胆管癌细胞系QBC939体外浸润能力的影响。方法：将含有全长nm23-H1 cDNA的真核表达载体通过脂腩体法转染人胆管癌细胞系。结果：转染成功的QBC939细胞，其nm23-Hl基因的mRNA、蛋白表达明显增加，转染nm23-H1基因的胆管癌细胞体外浸润能力下降，穿越matrigel的细胞数明显低于亲本QBC939细胞，代表浸润能力的IV型胶原酶（MMP-9）分泌量下降。结论：nm23-Hl基因可以抑制胆管癌细胞的体外浸润能力。     

心肌造影超声心动图评估心肌缺血程度的实验研究

本实验制作不同程度心肌缺血的动物模型，以声处理５％人血白蛋白为超声造影剂进行心肌灌注造影，探讨ＭＣＥ时间－强度曲线各指标与心肌缺血程度间的关系。结果表明：心肌显影的峰值强度和曲线下面积均与缺血程度呈显著负相关（相关系数分别为ｒ＝－０．９８，Ｐ值＜０．００５；ｒ＝－０．９４，Ｐ值＜０．０５），且能区分轻度、中度和重度三种程度的心肌缺血；而三项时间指标与心肌缺血程度间未发现显著性差异。本实验的初步结果表明，ＭＣＥ是一项活体评估局部心肌血流灌注的有效方法。     

地塞米松促胎儿肺成熟的三种用药方式对母体糖代谢的影响

【目的】探讨地塞米松的用药方式对孕妇糖代谢的影响。【方法】对 1999年 9月至 2 0 0 1年 1月在本院住院的15 0名不同用药方式使用地塞米松促胎儿肺成熟的孕妇进行研究 ,在用药前及用药后 18～ 2 4h抽取肘前静脉血查空腹血糖、血浆C肽 ,糖负荷后 2h血糖、血浆C肽。【结果】使用地塞米松后 ,空腹血糖值、糖负荷后 2h血糖值、空腹C肽及糖负荷后 2hC肽值较用药前高 ;用药方式对母体空腹血糖值和空腹C肽值的影响差异无统计学意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ,对母体糖负荷后 2h血糖值和糖负荷后 2hC肽值的影响差异有统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 ) ;不同糖代谢状态的受试者使用地塞米松后 ,空腹C肽值、糖负荷后 2hC肽值的改变差异有统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 )。【结论】孕妇使用地塞米松促胎儿肺成熟对母体的糖代谢均有一定程度的影响 ,用药过程中和用药后需严密监测母体血糖和胎儿宫内状况     

Renal growth after neonatal urinary tract infection

This study presents the result of 12–21 years' follow-up in a group of children with neonatal urinary tract infection (onset within 1 month after birth) in whom early renal growth retardation was noted without concomitant classical renal scarring. In all cases the neonatal infection was diagnosed and treated within a few days of onset and the patients were closely supervised thereafter. Renal length, parenchymal thickness and area were measured at urography. At first follow-up (22 children, mean age 4.1 years) a significant reduction of renal parenchymal thickness was noted. Long-term follow-up (18 patients, mean age 17 years) demonstrated a normalization of renal size in the entire group, although less complete in the subgroup with reflux. There were two major findings in the present study. Firstly, renal growth retardation was seen after neonatal infection, both with and without reflux. Secondly, normalization of renal size in previously small kidneys was demonstrated, suggesting that growth retardation can be a reversible phenomenon. The tendency for such normalization was slightly more marked in children without reflux. Reduction of parenchymal thickness without calyceal deformity, therefore, does not necessarily mean irreversible damage, and differentiation between permanent scarring and temporary growth retardation can thus only be made at later follow-up, possibly not until after puberty. The demonstration of renal growth retardation in spite of early diagnosis and treatment emphasizes the great vulnerability of the kidney in the newborn.     

多体位短间隔及加压追踪法全消化道钡餐检查的临床分析

目的:探讨多体位、短间隔及加压追踪法在全消化道钡餐透视检查的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析34例经手术病理确诊或内科治愈或钡餐明确诊断(憩室)的X线表现。年龄12岁81岁,男19例,女15例。采用多体位、短间隔加压追踪法的全消化道钡餐透视检查。结果:空肠近段神经鞘瘤并溃疡出血1例,先天性巨小肠1例,小肠粘连连带压迫空肠近段并不完全性肠梗阻1例,回盲部腺癌并不完全性肠梗阻1例,阑尾切除术后回肠末段肠粘连并不完性肠梗阻1例,美克尔憩室炎并周围溃疡伴不完全性肠梗阻1例,空回肠多发憩室4例,空肠炎9例,回肠炎5例,空回肠炎3例,肠激惹综合征3例。结论:多体位、短间隔加压追踪法全消化道钡餐透视检查,检出率较高,在小肠疾患的检查中有重要的临床意义。     

胞嘧啶脱氨酶的原核表达和多克隆抗体的制备

目的：在原核系统中表达并纯化大肠杆菌胞嘧啶脱氨酶（cytosine deaminase,CD)，制备鼠抗大肠杆菌CD多克隆抗体，方法：亚克隆CD基因到原核表达载体pMAL-c2和pBV222中，并转化入大肠杆菌DH5α内，诱导表达并纯化MBP-CD和6his-CD融合蛋白，用纯化的MBP-CD融合蛋白免疫小鼠制备多克隆抗体。结果：通过重组质粒的酶切筛选出重组阳性克隆，成功地表达和纯化出MBP-CD和6his-CD融合蛋白，用纯化的MBP-CD成功制备了鼠抗CD多克隆抗体，并用6his-CD和GST-CD重组蛋白进行Western印迹分析，证实了抗体的正确性，结论：应用多克隆抗体可以检测体内外CD基因的表达，为临床前和临床上深入开展CD基因的生物治疗研究提供重要的实验材料。     

Effects of galanin on insulin and glucagon secretion in the rat

Galanin-like immunoreactivity has been visualized in nerve fibers in the islets of Langerhans, suggesting an involvement of galanin in the neural regulation of islet function. In this study, we investigated the effects of galanin on basal and stimulated insulin and glucagon secretion by infusing the peptide at three different dose rates in rats. We also studied the direct effect of galanin on insulin secretion from freshly isolated rat islets. At 320 pmol/kg/min, but not at 20 or 80 pmol/kg/min, galanin lowered basal plasma insulin levels. In contrast, basal plasma glucagon levels were lowered by galanin already at 20 and 80 pmol/kg/min. Furthermore, galanin inhibited both glucose- and arginine-induced insulin release at all three dose levels, whereas arginine-induced glucagon release was not affected by galanin. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from isolated rat islets was dose-dependently suppressed by galanin (10^-6-10^-8M). Therefore, it is concluded that galanin in rats inhibits insulin secretion, both in vivo and in vitro, and that at lower dose levels, the peptide also inhibits basal glucagon release.