Clinicopathologic features and survival of patients with colorectal mucinous, signet-ring cell or non-mucinous adenocarcinoma:experience at an institution in southern China

Background Previous studies have shown conflicting results on the relation between clinicopathologic features and prognosis of patients with colorectal mucinous, signet-ring cell, or non-mucinous adenocarcinoma; only few such studies have been performed in China. This retrospective study analyzed data from our department to investigate clinicopathologic characteristics, prognosis and possible correlations of three histologic types -- colorectal mucinous,signet-ring cell, and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma, to clarity the bases for observed differences which may lead to development of targeted therapies Methods Of 2079 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer between 1994 and 2007, 144 had mucinous, 25 had signet-ring cell, and 1837 had non-mucinous adenocarcinoma. Their clinicopathologic parameters and survival were analyzed using established statistical methodologies.Results Mucinous and signet-ring cell adenocarcinomas were common in younger patients (P <0.001). Location, size and disease stage differed significantly among the three types. Signet-ring cell tumors were more commonly found in the rectum than mucinous and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (P <0.001). Mucinous and signet-ring cell tumors presented in a later stage in life more often than non-mucinous adenocarcinoma, with lymph node involvement, serosal infiltration, peritoneal dissemination, and adjacent organ invasion (P <0.01). The rate of radical resection, hepatic metastasis and local recurrence did not differ among types (P ＞0.05). Compared with patients with non-mucinous adenocarcinoma, patients with mucinous and signet-ring cell tumors who underwent potentially curative resections or stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ disease had poorer long-term overall survival. Survival did not differ by type for patients with either stage Ⅰor Ⅳ disease (P ＞0.05). Conclusions Mucinous and signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma have unique carcinogenesis and similar biologic behavior.Our study confirms that both histologic types, especially signet-ring cell tumors, are independent, negative prognostic factors for patients with colorectal cancer. Type does not appear to have a significant effect on survival when disease is either stage Ⅰ or Ⅳ at presentation.     

Early operation for fulminant acute pancreatitis: a possible way to decrease mortality

Background Although the indication and the timing for surgery in fulminant acute pancreatitis (FAP) are still controversial, our experience of surgical treatment for fulminant acute pancreaUtis may help improve the outcome for patients.Methods The clinical data of twenty-six patients with FAP from January 1, 2001 to October 1,2005 were analyzed. The diagnostic criteria fitted the 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Severe Acute Pancreatitis by the Chinese Medical Association.Results Twenty-six patients with FAP received surgical debridement, with a mortality rate of 42.3% (11/26). The postoperative mortalities in the ＞72 hour operation group and the <72 hour operation group were highly significantly different (7/8 vs 22.2% (4/18), respectively).Conclusions Early surgery may reduce the intraabdominal pressure and prevent the deterioration of FAP. An operation within 72 hours from the onset of symptoms might decrease the mortality of the disease.     

降低隧道施工机械尾气污染的几项措施

目的　研究降低无轨运输方式施工隧道中空气污染的措施。方法　采用燃油添加剂 ,定期对施工机械进行维修和保养 ,减少发动机空档排气 ,将压入式通风口设置于距掌子面 8～ 10m处 ,保持通风管道密闭通畅致使有效送风。结果　隧道中有害气体CO、NOx及黑烟浓度至少降低 4 6 % ,55%和 4 2 %。结论　采取以上措施能明显改善施工环境的污染状况并减轻对施工人员身体健康的危害     

梨状窝癌局部扩展的病理学研究

目的　探讨梨状窝癌局部扩展的规律 ,为梨状窝癌的手术治疗提供病理学依据。方法　应用石蜡包埋大体标本连续切片的方法 ,对 2 6例梨状窝癌全喉及次全喉切除的标本进行了观察。结果　位于梨状窝外侧壁的肿瘤 ( 4例 )主要向外侧咽侧壁扩展 ,位于梨状窝内侧壁的肿瘤 ( 5例 )容易向喉腔及对侧梨状窝扩展。累及整个梨状窝 17例。声门旁间隙及甲状软骨是最易受侵犯的喉结构 ,环状软骨受侵较少 ;会厌及会厌前间隙的侵犯未见超过中线 ,声门旁间隙及会厌前间隙的侵犯途径有2个 ,肿瘤沿杓会厌襞向前及在甲状软骨板内侧直接向前侵犯声门旁间隙 ;肿瘤沿杓会厌襞向内上方及在甲状软骨板内侧上部侵入会厌前间隙。结论　会厌前间隙的受侵并不是喉部分切除的禁忌证 ,大部分位于梨状窝外侧壁的肿瘤及部分梨状窝内侧壁的肿瘤保留喉功能是可行的 ;位于梨状窝内侧壁及环后区的肿瘤易在环后区向对侧侵犯 ,对累及环后区的梨状窝癌 (Ⅰ ,Ⅲ型 ) ,应注意肿瘤在环后区粘膜下向对侧侵犯。     

胆汁泡蛋白ELISA检测法的建立与初步临床应用

目的 建立胆汁泡蛋白快速检测法,筛选有效的胆石症防治手段。方法 获取３３．５ｋｄ胆汁泡蛋白,通过微量抗原免疫法获得高效价抗体,建立ＥＬＩＳＡ标准曲线;并应用ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定正常人、胆石症患者胆汁和血清中泡蛋白含量,同时观察不同溶石防药和利胆冲剂、胆酸钠等对泡蛋白的影响。结果 建立了ＥＬＩＳＡ标准曲线,其曲线方程为Ｙ＝０．０３５Ｘ（ｒ＝０．９９）;正常人胆汁和血清中３３．５ｋｄ泡蛋白含量都明显较胆固     

定量PCR检测缺失型DMD/BMD携带者的研究

研究DMD/BMD携带者临床诊断的有效手段。方法 :运用双重定量PCR及剂量系数分析 ,检测 2 6例正常对照 ,7例肯定携带者和 2 1例可疑携带者 ,部分结果与短片段重复顺序多态性方法及CK值作了比较。结果 :确定了判定参考标准 ,可疑携带者中 ,患儿母亲检测阳性率为 5 7.9% ,8例经短串联重复顺序多态性分析 ,得到了完全验证。结论 :定量PCR检测DMD/BMD携带者快速、敏感、准确 ,可在临床诊断中应用。     

氧化铝颗粒大小对PEO—NaSCN络合物电导率的影响

研究分散第二相Ａｌ２Ｏ３的含量及颗粒大小对ＰＥＯ－ＮａＳＣＮ络合物电导的影响,结果表明：当颗粒度为０．７μｍ时,电导率比纯ＰＥＯ－ＮａＳＣＮ提高了一个半数量级。颗粒度较大时,电导率均比纯ＰＥＯ－ＮａＳＣＮ低,并在ｗＡｌ２Ｏ３＝０．２５时,存在电导率最大的峰值。     

灯台树种子萌发特性的研究

目的 研究灯台树种子萌发的最适宜条件和储藏时间，为大量人工繁殖灯台树苗木提供借鉴。方法 不同温度，不同光照时间，不同光质及不同储藏时间，测量灯台树种子的萌发率。结果 灯台树种子萌发的适宜温度为30℃～40℃，适宜的光照时间为8h，适宜的光质为黄光和日光，储藏时间为5个月以内最好。结论 灯台树种子是高温萌发型。     

高温热疗加放射粒子植入及化疗治疗转移性盆腔肿瘤

目的观察高温热疗加放射粒子植入及化疗治疗转移性盆腔肿瘤的疗效.方法将转移性盆腔肿瘤患者分为A、B两组,A组19例,B组22例.A组给予射频加热的同时从电极处灌注2.5%的盐水以扩大肿瘤凝固性坏死的范围.不能热疗的肿瘤边缘组织内植入碘-125粒子.术后第15天开始化疗.奥沙利铂100 mg/m2,静脉滴注,第1天;CF 200 mg/m2,在5-Fu滴注前经静脉滴注2 h,继以5-Fu 200 mg/m2经静脉推注,5-Fu 400 mg/m2经静脉滴注22 h,连续5 d,3周为1周期.B组只给予化疗,化疗用药、剂量及天数与A组相同.结果第6个周期末,A组与B组的有效率分别为84.2%和36.4%,两组有效率比较差异有显著性(P＜0.01).两组的毒副反应发生率差异无显著性.结论高温热疗加放射粒子植入及化疗治疗转移性盆腔肿瘤的近期疗效好,并发症少.     

胃肠造瘘术在全梗阻型食管癌放疗中的应用

目的　评价胃肠造瘘术在全梗阻型食管癌放疗中的临床应用价值。方法　 98例全梗阻食管癌放疗病人 ,5 3例于疗前及疗中行胃肠造瘘术 ,其中照射剂量DT>5 0Gy为 2 7例 ,余 2 6例放疗剂量DT<5 0Gy ;45例于疗中仅予输液支持以维持放疗。结果　行胃肠造瘘术组kanofsky评分较对照组明显提高 ,体重亦维持或增加明显 ,两者比较P <0 0 0 5 ;胃肠造瘘术组与对照组其 1年及 3年生存率分别为 :33 9%、2 8 8%和 15 0 %、4 4% ,两组间生存率差异有显著性意义 ( χ2 =7 2 5 ,P =0 0 0 71) ;胃肠造瘘术组中放疗DT>5 0Gy与DT<5 0Gy病人其 1年及 3年生存率分别为 :48 1%、19 2 %及 2 2 2 %、7 7% ,两组间生存率统计学有显著差异 ( χ2 =4 2 0 ,P =0 0 40 4)。结论　全梗阻型食管癌疗前或疗中行胃肠造瘘术 ,可在改善病人体质状况、维持或增加体重基础上 ,明显提高患者 1年及3年的生存率 ,且放疗剂量DT 应 >5 0Gy。