全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4167篇 |
免费 | 403篇 |
国内免费 | 13篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 51篇 |
儿科学 | 188篇 |
妇产科学 | 69篇 |
基础医学 | 657篇 |
口腔科学 | 65篇 |
临床医学 | 472篇 |
内科学 | 859篇 |
皮肤病学 | 35篇 |
神经病学 | 260篇 |
特种医学 | 106篇 |
外科学 | 530篇 |
综合类 | 83篇 |
一般理论 | 13篇 |
预防医学 | 437篇 |
眼科学 | 41篇 |
药学 | 259篇 |
中国医学 | 3篇 |
肿瘤学 | 455篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 25篇 |
2022年 | 30篇 |
2021年 | 90篇 |
2020年 | 49篇 |
2019年 | 89篇 |
2018年 | 74篇 |
2017年 | 65篇 |
2016年 | 64篇 |
2015年 | 85篇 |
2014年 | 101篇 |
2013年 | 160篇 |
2012年 | 228篇 |
2011年 | 216篇 |
2010年 | 129篇 |
2009年 | 136篇 |
2008年 | 187篇 |
2007年 | 207篇 |
2006年 | 180篇 |
2005年 | 168篇 |
2004年 | 178篇 |
2003年 | 168篇 |
2002年 | 137篇 |
2001年 | 127篇 |
2000年 | 181篇 |
1999年 | 129篇 |
1998年 | 59篇 |
1997年 | 53篇 |
1996年 | 48篇 |
1995年 | 46篇 |
1994年 | 62篇 |
1993年 | 51篇 |
1992年 | 88篇 |
1991年 | 96篇 |
1990年 | 94篇 |
1989年 | 82篇 |
1988年 | 67篇 |
1987年 | 61篇 |
1986年 | 65篇 |
1985年 | 48篇 |
1984年 | 41篇 |
1983年 | 35篇 |
1982年 | 30篇 |
1981年 | 29篇 |
1979年 | 30篇 |
1978年 | 21篇 |
1977年 | 25篇 |
1971年 | 20篇 |
1969年 | 25篇 |
1968年 | 26篇 |
1966年 | 21篇 |
排序方式: 共有4583条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Association of ambient air‐pollution levels with acute asthma exacerbation among children in Singapore 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
BACKGROUND: Air-pollution levels have been shown to be associated with increased morbidity of respiratory diseases. METHODS: Data for ambient air-pollutant levels, meteorologic factors, and hospitalization or emergency room (ER) visits for acute asthma in Singapore children over a 5-year period (1990-4) were obtained and analyzed for associations by time-series methods. RESULTS: Throughout this period, the annual mean and 24-h mean levels for sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and total suspended particles (TSP) and maximum 1-h daily average for ozone were generally within the air-quality guidelines established by the World Health Organization (WHO). However, positive correlation between levels of each of these pollutants and daily ER visits for asthma was observed in children aged 3-12 years, but not among adolescents and young adults (13-21 years old). The association with SO2 and TSP persisted after standardization for meteorologic and temporal variables. An adjusted increase in 2.9 ER visits for every 20 microg/m3 increase in atmospheric SO2 levels, lagged by 1 day, was observed on days when levels were above 68 microg/m3. With TSP, an adjusted increase of 5.80 ER visits for every 20 microg/m3 increase in its daily atmospheric levels, lagged by 1 day, was observed on days with levels above 73 microg/m3. Similar results were also obtained after controlling for autocorrelation by time-series analysis. CONCLUSIONS: These associations were observed even though the overall levels of all pollutants were generally within the air-quality guidelines established by the WHO. These findings suggest that asthmatic children are susceptible to increased levels of air pollutants, particularly SO2 and TSP, although the ambient levels are generally within "acceptable" ranges. 相似文献
32.
Yu G Boone T Delaney J Hawkins N Kelley M Ramakrishnan M McCabe S Qiu WR Kornuc M Xia XZ Guo J Stolina M Boyle WJ Sarosi I Hsu H Senaldi G Theill LE 《Nature immunology》2000,1(3):252-256
We report that the tumor neurosis factor homolog APRIL (a proliferation-inducing ligand) stimulates in vitro proliferation of primary B and T cells and increases spleen weight due to accumulation of B cells in vivo. APRIL functions via binding to BCMA (B cell maturation antigen) and TACI (transmembrane activator and CAML-interactor) and competes with TALL-I (also called BLyS or BAFF) for receptor binding. Soluble BCMA and TACI specifically prevent binding of APRIL and block APRIL-stimulated proliferation of primary B cells. BCMA-Fc also inhibits production of antibodies against keyhole limpet hemocyanin and Pneumovax in mice, indicating that APRIL and/or TALL-I signaling via BCMA and/or TACI are required for generation of humoral immunity. Thus, APRIL-TALL-I and BCMA-TACI form a two ligands-two receptors pathway involved in stimulation of B and T cell function. 相似文献
33.
Immunoassay targeting nonstructural protein 5 to differentiate West Nile virus infection from dengue and St. Louis encephalitis virus infections and from flavivirus vaccination
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of clinical microbiology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Wong SJ Boyle RH Demarest VL Woodmansee AN Kramer LD Li H Drebot M Koski RA Fikrig E Martin DA Shi PY 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2003,41(9):4217-4223
West Nile virus (WNV) is an emerging flavivirus that has caused frequent epidemics since 1996. Besides natural transmission by mosquitoes, WNV can also be transmitted through blood transfusion and organ transplantation, thus heightening the urgency of development of a specific and rapid serologic assay of WNV infection. The current immunoassays lack specificity because they are based on detection of antibodies against WNV structural proteins and immune responses to structural proteins among flaviviruses cross-react to each other. Here, we describe microsphere immunoassays that detect antibodies to nonstructural proteins 3 and 5 (NS3 and NS5). In contrast to immunoassays based on viral envelope and NS3 proteins, the NS5-based assay (i) reliably discriminates between WNV infections and dengue virus or St. Louis encephalitis virus infections, (ii) differentiates between flavivirus vaccination and natural WNV infection, and (iii) indicates recent infections. These unique features of the NS5-based immunoassay will be very useful for both clinical and veterinary diagnosis of WNV infection. 相似文献
34.
Cunningham CE Boyle M Offord D Racine Y Hundert J Secord M McDonald J 《Journal of consulting and clinical psychology》2000,68(5):928-933
This study examined factors associated with the utilization of universally available school-based parent training. In a randomly selected, prospectively screened, unreferred community sample of 1,498 5- to 8-year-olds, 28% to 46% of families of children with high parent-reported externalizing problems enrolled. Externalizing problems, first-child status, and a high school education were associated with increased enrollment. Single-parent status, immigrant background, and limited extracurricular child activities were associated with lower enrollment. Economic disadvantage, stress, family dysfunction, and parental depressive symptoms were not associated with participation. Most families attributed nonparticipation to busy personal schedules, inconvenient times, and logistical difficulties. 相似文献
35.
36.
37.
Melanoma antigen recognition by tumour-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TIL): effect of differential expression of melan-A/MART-1
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Clinical and experimental immunology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Ramirez-Montagut T Andrews DM Ihara A Pervaiz S Pandolfi F Van Den Elsen PJ Waitkus R Boyle LA Hishii M Kurnick JT 《Clinical and experimental immunology》2000,119(1):11-18
We have isolated, from an individual patient with metastatic melanoma, a series of eight TIL clones capable of lysing autologous melanoma cell targets. Six of the eight clones expressed TCRAV2S1 and lysed targets expressing HLA-A2 and the Melan-A/MART-1 peptide: AAGIGILTV. Polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis showed that the Melan-A/MART-1-specific clones were predominant in the bulk culture prior to cloning. However, the tumour progressed in vivo even in the presence of these tumour cell-lytic clones. Using the anti-Melan-A/MART-1 MoAb (A-103), we noted that Melan-A/MART-1 expression on three melanoma cell lines varied considerably during in vitro culture, in the absence of T cell immunoselection, relative to cell density. Tumour cells which spontaneously decreased Melan-A/MART-1 expression were less susceptible to specific TIL lysis. Melan-A/MART-1 expression and susceptibility to lysis increased in cells cultured at lower density. These data suggest that modulation of tumour antigen may account for tumour progression in the presence of tumour cell-lytic T lymphocytes. The observations suggest a possible explanation for the common finding of Melan-A/MART-1-specific lytic TIL in clinically progressing melanomas, as well as a possible pathway for therapeutic intervention. 相似文献
38.
V. R. Harley P. J. Hudson B. E. H. Coupar P. W. Selleck H. Westbury D. B. Boyle 《Archives of virology》1990,113(1-2):133-141
Summary The nucleoprotein (NP) gene from avian influenza strain A/Shearwater/Aust/1/72 (H6N5) was cloned, sequenced, and expressed in vaccinia virus for the production of potent sera in immunised rabbits. The NP gene is 1565 bp and shares >95% amino acid sequence identity with other NPs of the avian subtype. The recombinant NP expressed by vaccinia virus comigrated with endogenous A/Shearwater/Aust/1/72 NP by Western blot analysis. Polyclonal rabbit sera raised against recombinant NP was evaluated in an antigen capture ELISA system as a potential diagnostic tool for the detection of avian influenza. All type A strains, comprising several HA and NA subtypes, but not type B nor other avian viruses, were detected. 相似文献
39.
McKenzie BS Corbett AJ Brady JL Dyer CM Strugnell RA Kent SJ Kramer DR Boyle JS Lew AM 《Immunologic research》2001,24(3):225-244
There are no adequate vaccines against some of the new or reemerged infectious scourges such as HIV and TB. They may require
strong and enduring cell-mediated immunity to be elicited. This is quite a task, as the only known basis of protection by
current commercial vaccines is antibody. As DNA or RNA vaccines may induce both cell-mediated and humoral immunity, great
interest has been shown in them. However, doubt remains whether their efficacy will suffice for their clinical realization.
We look at the various tactics to increase the potency of nucleic acid vaccines and divided them broadly under those affecting
delivery and those affecting immune induction. For delivery, we have considered ways of improving uptake and the use of bacterial,
replicon or viral vectors. For immune induction, we considered aspects of immunostimulatory CpG motifs, coinjection of cytokines
or costimulators and alterations of the antigen, its cellular localization and its anatomical localization including the use
of ligand-targeting to lymphoid tissue. We also thought that mucosal application of DNA deserved a separate section. In this
review, we have taken the liberty to discuss these enhancement methods, whenever possible, in the context of the underlying
mechanisms that might argue for or against these strategies. 相似文献