Personality traits of edgers and non-edgers on the memory-for-designs test

Studied four separate samples to examine the relationship between personality traits and edging on the Memory-For-Designs test. In two samples, edgers and non-edgers were compared on their MMPI results; one sample used 16PF data; and one sample used the HSPQ. The results showed that while edging is not common, it is not related to any unique personality traits, when compared to non-edgers.     

Bringing together values-based and evidence-based medicine: UK Department of Health Initiatives in the 'Personalization' of Care

Rationale Person‐centred medicine depends on combining best research evidence with the unique values (including the preferences, concerns, needs and wishes) of individual patients and their families. Aims and objectives The paper gives a brief introduction to values‐based practice as a new approach to incorporating patients' values into clinical decision making alongside best research evidence as derived from evidence‐based practice. Method The role of values‐based practice as a partner to evidence‐based practice is illustrated through a series of policy, training and service development initiatives in mental health from the UK Department of Health in London. Results These initiatives have supported person‐centred developments in key areas of mental health practice including, (1) the use of involuntary treatment; and (2) a shared approach of assessment. Early moves are underway to extend values‐based practice to other areas of health care beyond mental health. Conclusion Values‐based practice offers a new approach to incorporating patients' unique values into clinical decision making that is complementary to evidence‐based practice as a resource for person‐centred medicine.     

Electric heating pad burns

Patients with sensory deficits are especially prone to heating pad burns. Two cases are reported of patients with anesthetic skin who received partial and full-thickness burns of their feet from an electric heating pad. These burn injuries could have been prevented if the patients understood the potential hazard of heating pads.     

Serum protein profile alterations in hemodialysis patients

BACKGROUND: Serum protein profiling patterns can reflect the pathological state of a patient and therefore may be useful for clinical diagnostics. Here, we present results from a pilot study of proteomic expression patterns in hemodialysis patients designed to evaluate the range of serum proteomic alterations in this population. METHODS: Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) was used to analyze serum obtained from patients on periodic hemodialysis treatment and healthy controls. Serum samples from patients and controls were first fractionated into six eluants on a strong anion exchange column, followed by application to four array chemistries representing cation exchange, anion exchange, metal affinity and hydrophobic surfaces. A total of 144 SELDI-TOF-MS spectra were obtained from each serum sample. RESULTS: The overall profiles of the patient and control samples were consistent and reproducible. However, 30 well-defined protein differences were observed; 15 proteins were elevated and 15 were decreased in patients compared to controls. Serum from 1 patient exhibited novel protein peaks suggesting possible additional changes due to a secondary disease process. CONCLUSION: SELDI-TOF-MS demonstrated consistent serum protein profile differences between patients and controls. Similarity in protein profiles among dialysis patients suggests that patient physiological responses to end-stage renal disease and/or dialysis therapy have a major effect on serum protein profiles.     

Randomized controlled trial comparing the effectiveness and safety of intranasal and intramuscular naloxone for the treatment of suspected heroin overdose

Aims   Traditionally, the opiate antagonist naloxone has been administered parenterally; however, intranasal (i.n.) administration has the potential to reduce the risk of needlestick injury. This is important when working with populations known to have a high prevalence of blood-borne viruses. Preliminary research suggests that i.n. administration might be effective, but suboptimal naloxone solutions were used. This study compared the effectiveness of concentrated (2 mg/ml) i.n. naloxone to intramuscular (i.m.) naloxone for suspected opiate overdose.
Methods   This randomized controlled trial included patients treated for suspected opiate overdose in the pre-hospital setting. Patients received 2 mg of either i.n. or i.m. naloxone. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients who responded within 10 minutes of naloxone treatment. Secondary outcomes included time to adequate response and requirement for supplementary naloxone. Data were analysed using multivariate statistical techniques.
Results   A total of 172 patients were enrolled into the study. Median age was 29 years and 74% were male. Rates of response within 10 minutes were similar: i.n. naloxone (60/83, 72.3%) compared with i.m. naloxone (69/89, 77.5%) [difference: −5.2%, 95% confidence interval (CI) −18.2 to 7.7]. No difference was observed in mean response time (i.n.: 8.0, i.m.: 7.9 minutes; difference 0.1, 95% CI −1.3 to 1.5). Supplementary naloxone was administered to fewer patients who received i.m. naloxone (i.n.: 18.1%; i.m.: 4.5%) (difference: 13.6%, 95% CI 4.2–22.9).
Conclusions   Concentrated intranasal naloxone reversed heroin overdose successfully in 82% of patients. Time to adequate response was the same for both routes, suggesting that the i.n. route of administration is of similar effectiveness to the i.m. route as a first-line treatment for heroin overdose.